Tendo em vista a questão de como formar uma personalidade ética, o objetivo deste trabalho foi o de realizar uma investigação teórica visando à compreensão de como se desenvolvem dois aspectos que compõem tal formação: a moral e a cognição. Buscou-se ainda comparar as semelhanças entre esses aspectos e observar intervenções pedagógicas que propiciassem o desenvolvimento de ambos. Para o estudo do desenvolvimento moral, analisaram-se os trabalhos do psicólogo americano Lawrence Kohlberg, que baseou sua investigação nos estudos de Dewey e Piaget, aprimorando uma sequência de etapas pelas quais as pessoas passam em sua formação. Além disso, o psicólogo e seus colaboradores pesquisaram quais condições favoreciam esse avanço de forma a propiciar que níveis mais elevados de desenvolvimento fossem atingidos. Para o estudo dos aspectos cognitivos de tal questão, buscou-se um autor holandês, que elaborou, na área da matemática, um modelo para o desenvolvimento do pensar geométrico: Pierre van Hiele. Apesar de ele ter elaborado um modelo específico para o pensar geométrico, afirma ser possível utilizar esse modelo para o estudo da cognição em outras áreas do conhecimento, não se restringindo apenas à geometria. Ao se compararem as semelhanças entre os dois estudos, foram observados elementos comuns a ambos, entre eles, a necessidade de se favorecer a ocorrência de conflitos cognitivos para o avanço de uma etapa à outra. A partir da semelhança das teorias, buscaram-se ações possíveis de aplicação em sala de aula que propiciassem esses desenvolvimentos de forma eficaz. Quanto às intervenções pedagógicas, foi destacado o diálogo a conversação, a argumentação e a discussão de dilemas morais como condição favorável em sala de aula. Verificou-se que a conversação apresenta o ganho de propiciar que os pensamentos dos alunos fiquem mais claros pela explicitação de suas ideias, além de enriquecer seu repertório a partir da visão alheia; a argumentação acresce, aos proveitos da conversação, a tomada de decisão, pois exige do aluno o posicionamento e uma escolha; a discussão de dilemas morais acrescenta, às intervenções anteriores, o benefício do trabalho com os valores pessoais de cada um e da exigência de uma hierarquização desses valores. Essas intervenções buscam o aumento do nível de consciência dos alunos, essencial para a formação da personalidade ética. / Aiming at forming an ethical personality, this paper carries out a theoretical investigation designed to understand how to develop two aspects that make up such formation: morality and cognition. It also compares the similarities between these aspects and the observed pedagogical interventions that provide for the development of both such aspects. For the study of moral development, the American psychologist Lawrence Kohlbergs work was looked into. He based his research on the studies of Dewey and Piaget, by improving a sequence of stages through which people undergo their formation. In addition the psychologist and his colleagues investigated what conditions favored this advance in order to allow for higher levels of development. In order to study the cognitive aspects of this question, Pierre van Hiele, a Dutch author in the field of mathematics, was studied. He developed a model for the development of geometric thinking. Although this author has prepared a specific model for geometric thinking, he claims one should be able to apply it to cognition studies not only in Geometry but also in regard with other fields. When comparing the similarities between the two studies, elements common to both were observed - among them the need to enable cognitive conflicts to advance from one stage to another. Based on the similarity of theories, the paper looked into other possible actions for implementation in the classroom that could effectively provide such development. Regarding the pedagogical interventions, dialogue (conversation, argument and debate on moral dilemmas) was highlighted as a favorable condition in the classroom. One observes that conversation includes the benefit to provide for clearer thoughts on the part of the students when elucidating their ideas. Also, it enriches their repertoire based on the view of others. To the advantage of conversation, argument adds decision making, for it requires the student\'s attitude and choice. And, to the previous interventions, debating moral dilemmas adds the benefit of working with the personal values of each one and of the requirement of a hierarchy of those values. These interventions seek to increase the level of students awareness, which is essential for the formation of the ethical personality.

The aim of this thesis is description and understanding of private equity industry as a part of alternative asset class. In the first part, we describe the basic concepts of private equity industry and characteristics of individual subjects present in this sector. Analysis of the industry and basic comparison of private equity in Europe and United States is the theme of the second part of this paper. The base of knowledge created in the previous parts supports the analysis of buyouts and their value creation strategies. On the example of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts, pre-eminent private equity firm, we show how private equity works in practice and what current trends in the industry are. In the end, we estimate the subjective value of one unit of ownership in KKR and list that risks could affect the company and the industry.

This thesis considers aspects of Piaget's and Kohlberg's theories of the moral development and education of children. It takes into consideration an old but valuable study of the development of character in children. As a possible alternative model to that provided by Kohlberg we suggest the inclusion of the Philosophy for Children programme into schools. Prior to the elaboration of this proposition we critically analyse certain philosophical concepts put forward by both Piaget and Kohlberg. Our aim here has been to suggest that there are underlying philosophical weaknesses which have a hidden but important impact on the acceptability of aspects of their work. We express our concern at the acceptance of Kohlberg's work in schools and point out why this is unsatisfactory. We put forward what we take to be an acceptable position in introducing moral education into schools and we put forward an approach where this can take place within the context of a broader educational programme and which includes the Philosophy for Children programme.

No description available.

This empirical study aimed at determining any significant difference in level of moral judgment between behaviourally handicapped adolescent clinic school pupils of normal intelligence (experimental group) and a matched sample of non-behaviourally handicapped pupils (control group). Moral judgment level was measured in terms of Global stage Scores and Weighted Average Scores using Kohlberg's Moral Judgment Interviews and standard Issue scoring. Secondary aims were to determine whether the data obtained indicated significant sex differences in level of moral judgment and to compare the mean level of moral judgment of the experimental and control groups with existing research. A statement and motivation of the problem and clarification of concepts were followed by an evaluation of applicable pre-Kohlbergian research, the philosophical foundations of Kohlberg’s theory and the theory itself. This was followed by an examination of the methods of research and the empirical study. The data generated indicated a significant difference in mean level of moral judgment between the research groups in favour of the control group when controlling for age, gender and socio-economic status. This difference was highlighted by comparisons with existing research. No significant gender differences in moral judgment were found. Important conclusions reached were: - Experimental group pupils were retarded in level of' moral judgment and, unlike the pupils in the control group, most had not yet reached stage 3 moral reasoning. - Sex differences in moral judgment were not found as is predicted in Kohlbergian theory (Colby & Kohlberg, 1987: 130). - Sub-group comparisons indicated chronological age to be an important factor in the measurement of moral judgment. The research findings imply that: - Attempts should be made to raise the level of moral judgment of pupils like those in the experimental group specifically, but also that of all pupils. - Planned moral education programmes can ignore sex differences, but not chronological age. - Varied research into moral judgment is necessary. / Dissertation (MEd)--PU for CHO, 1990

This empirical study aimed at determining any significant difference in level of moral judgment between behaviourally handicapped adolescent clinic school pupils of normal intelligence (experimental group) and a matched sample of non-behaviourally handicapped pupils (control group). Moral judgment level was measured in terms of Global stage Scores and Weighted Average Scores using Kohlberg's Moral Judgment Interviews and standard Issue scoring. Secondary aims were to determine whether the data obtained indicated significant sex differences in level of moral judgment and to compare the mean level of moral judgment of the experimental and control groups with existing research. A statement and motivation of the problem and clarification of concepts were followed by an evaluation of applicable pre-Kohlbergian research, the philosophical foundations of Kohlberg’s theory and the theory itself. This was followed by an examination of the methods of research and the empirical study. The data generated indicated a significant difference in mean level of moral judgment between the research groups in favour of the control group when controlling for age, gender and socio-economic status. This difference was highlighted by comparisons with existing research. No significant gender differences in moral judgment were found. Important conclusions reached were: - Experimental group pupils were retarded in level of' moral judgment and, unlike the pupils in the control group, most had not yet reached stage 3 moral reasoning. - Sex differences in moral judgment were not found as is predicted in Kohlbergian theory (Colby & Kohlberg, 1987: 130). - Sub-group comparisons indicated chronological age to be an important factor in the measurement of moral judgment. The research findings imply that: - Attempts should be made to raise the level of moral judgment of pupils like those in the experimental group specifically, but also that of all pupils. - Planned moral education programmes can ignore sex differences, but not chronological age. - Varied research into moral judgment is necessary. / Dissertation (MEd)--PU for CHO, 1990

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T18:51:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000416193-Texto+Completo-0.pdf: 1346951 bytes, checksum: 9c958ad74cbe31c1bcab19f8ccb664eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / This thesis in education aims to identify, in a Case Study, moral development level and stage of a group of Graduation professors. The base reference theory for the search is the Moral Development theory of Lawrence Kohlberg (1927-1987). The empirics investigation is performed in a Centro Universitário La Salle – Unilasalle – Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul State/Brasil. The aim subjects are Graduation professors in age between 33-65 years old, with teaching experience between 6-30 years in teaching, searching, extension and university administration areas, working in 17 graduation courses in the 28 which are offered by the institution. The methodology is the discussion of moral dilemmas of Kohlberg, using three of them: Heinz’s Dilemma, Joe’s Dilemma and Dr. Jeferson’s Dilemma (APENDICIS E). Each dilemma contains a succession of situations which the searched subjects answered, presenting their justification for each of them. A semi-structured interview with each one of the professors completed the evaluation of moral dilemma. The assay of collected data was done using the Bardin’s methodology, considering the identification categories, the moral development levels and stages of Kohlberg. The 17 subjects were identified in 11 (64,70%) in Conventional Level – 5 (29,40%) in Stage 3 – Expecting, Relations and Interpersonal Conformities and 6 (35,30%) in Stage 4 – Preservation of Social System and the Conscience; and 6 (35,30%) subjects in Post Conventional level, all of them in stage – The Social Contracts or the Utility and Individual Rights.The results and conclusions of the search discuss the interface of the subjects’ answers related to the moral development level, their educative experience and the reflexes in education; they also sum up what they think and how they act in moral education in the graduation level. It presents a proposal of moral education from Kohlberg’s moral development theory as possibility and potentiality in the perspective of moral formation of teachers. / Esta tese em educação tem por objetivo identificar o nível e o estágio de desenvolvimento moral, em um Estudo de Caso, de um grupo de professores da Educação Superior. O referencial teórico que fundamenta a pesquisa é a teoria do Desenvolvimento Moral de Lawrence Kohlberg (1927-1987). A investigação empírica se realiza no Centro Universitário La Salle – Unilasalle – Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são professores de Educação Superior com idade que varia de 33 a 65 anos, com tempo de magistério de 6 a 30 anos de experiência nas áreas de ensino, pesquisa, extensão e administração universitária, atuam em 17 cursos de graduação dos 28 oferecidos pela Instituição. A metodologia usada é a discussão de dilemas morais de Kohlberg, sendo usados três deles: o Dilema de Heinz, o Dilema de Joe e o Dilema do Dr. Jeferson (APÊNDICE E). Cada dilema compreende uma sucessão de situações às quais o pesquisado respondeu, apresentando sua justificativa para cada uma delas. Uma entrevista semiestruturada com cada um dos professores completou a avaliação dos dilemas morais. A análise dos dados coletados foi realizada com base na metodologia de Bardin, considerando-se as categorias de identificação, os níveis e estágios de desenvolvimento moral de Kohlberg. Os 17 sujeitos foram identificados, sendo 11 (64,70%) no Nível Convencional – 5 (29,40%) no estágio 3 – Das Expectativas, Relações e Conformidades Interpessoais e 6 (35,30%) no Estágio 4 – Da Preservação do Sistema Social e da Consciência; e 6 (35,30%) sujeitos no Nível Pós-convencional, todos no estágio 5 – Do Contrato Social ou da Utilidade e Direitos Individuais.Os resultados e as conclusões da pesquisa discutem as interfaces das respostas dos sujeitos relativas ao estágio de desenvolvimento moral, à sua vivência educativa e aos reflexos na educação, além de realizar uma síntese do que pensam e como atuam em relação à educação moral na educação superior. Apresenta-se, também, uma proposta de educação moral a partir da teoria do desenvolvimento moral de Kohlberg como possibilidade e potencialidade na perspectiva da formação moral de educadores.

The introductory chapter in this study introduces the reader to the overall problem that concernsLawrence Kohlberg and Sven G. Hartman's moral education models. The purpose and questions ofthis studie specifies the overall problem in order to facilitate the process of answer the researchquestions, which is largely about which of Kohlberg's and Hartman's theory one can reasonablyadvocate in the context of, when teachers plan their lessons. Also how do the theories relate to eachother based on the source material. This chapter also describes the hermeneutical method anddocument analysis used to answer the questions. Both Kohlberg's and Hartman's theories aredescribed in this chapter, as well as a problematisation of them. Since the source material consistsof freely written texts of young people, this chapter also discuss ethical considerations. Chapter Twopresents the result, consisting of quoted texts written by the youngsters. The texts presents theirthoughts and arguments about different moral or ethical problems. These problems are divided intothree categories, material and resource distribution, power distribution (political) and solutions toinequality. This chapter also includes the analyses of the result by Kohlberg's and Hartman'stheories. Chapter three, analysis and discussion, answers the questions as to whether teachers haveany benefit from these theories, as well as what one can derive from comparing these theories witheach other. In conclusion, this chapter presents a discussion about which theory is most suitable touse by teachers in the schools, based on the source material. Although the chapter, analysis anddiscussion, mentioning advantages of both theories, the analysis suggests that Kohlberg's theoryweighs a little heavier in a school kontext than Hartman's theory.

The primary purpose of this research was to review the relationship between moral cognizance, as defined by the Defining Issues Test, and the compensation plan of a healthcare executive when factors such as licensure, career stage, gender, age, and ethics training were present. The study was conducted on 142 healthcare executives from both a publically traded for-profit hospital corporation and a multi-physician private practice. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tests were utilized to test the hypotheses of these moderating variables. The outcome of this study indicates that there is no difference in the relationship of moral cognizance and compensation plan of a healthcare executive when the factors of license, career stage, gender, age, or ethics training are involved. However, the analyses did find some interesting interactions of statistical significance between moral cognizance, as determined by P-score, and the individual factors of license and gender when compensation was not included. While the results of the study were inconclusive, the study extends Kohlberg's research on cognitive moral development using Rest's Defining Issues Test to healthcare executives. It also contributes to the existing body of literature by introducing the variable of compensation plan to the moral cognizance equation. Future research in the healthcare field in relation to moral cognizance and financial performance will become a necessity as the focus on healthcare as a business continues to grow and society insists the highest values from its providers.

Syftet med detta examensarbete har varit att i förskolan undersöka hur pedagoger förhåller sig till tystnadsplikt och de etiska dilemman som de dagligen ställs inför. Frågeställningarna har besvarats genom en kvalitativ undersökning och som metod har vi valt att använda semistrukturerade intervjuer. Intervjuerna har genomförts med 11 verksamma pedagoger på två olika förskolor.Empirin har analyserats med Vygotskijs sociokulturella teori och Kohlbergs teori om moralisk utveckling. Pedagogerna anser att trots lagar och regler finns det ofta en osäkerhet. De ställningstaganden som pedagogerna tar i verksamheten är utifrån hur de är som person och dess tidigare erfarenheter, vilket gör att det skapas olika förhållningssätt i arbetslagen.