On solid surfaces, laboratory strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 forms horizontally and vertically stratified colonies. Central part of the colony differentiates into U and L cells occupying upper and lower colony regions, respectively. There are many morphological and physiological differences between these two cell types. However, molecular mechanisms of the vertical stratification are still largely unknown. In this study, I analyzed effects of the deletion and overexpression of Sch9p a Rim15p kinases with crucial role in nutrient sensing pathways, of transcription activators Msn2p and Msn4p involved i stress response and of post-diauxic shift transcription factor Gis1p in yeast colony differentiation and U and L cell survival. Microscopic analyses showed changes in morphology of cells in colonies of these strains and decreased ability of vertical stratification in colonies of the strain rim15Δ and partially in colonies of the strain PTEF-SCH9. Moreover, changed level of these proteins significantly affected long-term survival of U and L cells. Obtained data suggest an involvement of nutrient sensing pathways in colony formation and development.

This thesis deals with the development of mining and mining colonies in the Ostrava region and also deals with the interpretation of interviews with miners performing their profession in the Ostrava-Karviná mining district between years 1950 and 1994. It focuses not only on the development of the environment and mining conditions in the Ostrava region, but also reasons and motivations for choosing a demanding and often life-threatening profession, as mining is. The thesis is produced using inductive method, where the processes at the individual level apply to wider groups. Such processing allows me to process interviews with witnesses alongside traditional written sources. The finding of the thesis is the fact that there are three main motives for the choosing of mining profession, which are family tradition, the possibility of not participating in two-year compulsory military training and last but not least, the above-standard wage. The thesis offers another view on how workers in socialist Czechoslovakia lived.

This volume is the first instalment of the Sierra Leone journals and diary of Zachary Macaulay (1768-1838), who arrived in Sierra Leone in December 1792 as one of two members of council appointed to assist the governor of the Sierra Leone Company's new colony for free blacks.

The diploma project is focused on screening the possibilities of increasing the inner area of the residences within the former workers-housing area Letná in Zlín. The targets of the project are: - To create an attractive residential district, composed of contemporarily re-designed working class spaces, - To support the district as a unit, which can be able to react on the actual demographical requests and conditions, and - To support the district, which should be able to compete with the new rising accommodation districts through its prevalent qualities. The result is a design consisting of 3 main variations of the default house extension. The added cubic elements present a solution for the problems most commonly seen in the district in its actual state; the house extension creates a transition between the private inner space of the house and the outer public space. The proposal allows maximal living space while minimizing construction size extension.

Master thesis project presents a strategy for wide area of Bratislava river-front, the Pecniansky forest. Aim of proposal is to get that large and forgotten place, the part of Bratislava city centre, back into the life. By controlled changes achieve space that will be attractive to all animal and plant species. The space is transformed to system of functional, relax and pure natural sites. The new space can offer new possibilities for Bratislava inhabitants in their free time and will be educational in self-sufficiency, sustainability and ecology in general.

Yeasts are unicellular microorganisms which are able to form colonies. The morphology of colonies is characteristic for the strain and differs according to particular growth conditions. Saccharomyces cerevisiae colonies are able to produce volatile ammonia which functions as a signalling molecule alarming nutrient depletion (PALKOVÁ et al. 1997). Changes in gene expression, metabolism and ammonia production occur during the development of giant S. cerevisiae colonies. Genes with changes in expression have been identified to be involved in ammonia transport, amino acid metabolism and also in nucleotide metabolism. Genes, whose deletion may affect the induction of ammonia production have been described (ČÁP et al., 2010), (VÁCHOVÁ a PALKOVÁ 2005), (PALKOVÁ et al. 2002). This work is focused on studying of an impact of deletions of selected genes involved in nucleotide metabolism, as well as of changes in extracellular concentrations of different bases on growth, morphology, ammonia production, cell morphology and differentiation of giant S. cerevisiae colonies. S. cerevisiae strains producing Gfp-tagged proteins (Ade4p-Gfp, Adk1p-Gfp, Urk1p-Gfp, Fcy2p-Gfp, Fur4p-Gfp, Fcy22p-Gfp) have been constructed and analyzed. Development of S. cerevisiae giant colonies with deletions of selected genes (ADE5,7,...

The thesis lays emphasis on the establishment and exercise of English colonial policy and authority in Virginia during the 17th century. The thesis deals with the political bodies, administrative structure and framework of political system. Primarily is focused on the character, activity, the causes of conflicts and their resolutions. The thesis concentrates on the relations among the leading institutions in Virginia; e.g. Governor, Council of State, General Assembly, but also between Virginia and England. Further, tries to get hold of the ways of appointment of the governors, councillors and election of the burgesses. The thesis also describes the origin and development of the county and local system. Keywords: England, colonies, colonial administration, North America, the Stuarts, 17th century,

This thesis examines the influence of the colonial past on contemporary media coverage of France and Britain. It focuses on selected colonies and the frequency of their references on two websites - Skynews.com and France24.fr. Thus the thesis tries to answer the question whether or not the colonial past is still a strong determinant which governs the media's priorities. Imperial history has always been very vivid in these countries, where vast colonial land was possessed. Consequently they must now deal with the impact of their incursions. A strong relationship with former colonies exists and still be seen through the media. In addition, the fact that news media still prefers those states to the information about different former colonies, proves the existence of very strong bonds after the end of decolonial processes. The thesis is divided into two main sections. The first section considers the theoretical frame of analyzed notions (e.g. the geography of communication, colonialism or postcolonialism etc.), colonial history and pursuits the basic facts from media studies. Subsequently, the second section focuses on research results, whereby the principal aim is to confirm the assumption that British and French media prefers to inform more about their own former colonies than colonies of the second great...

Univ., Oriental. Seminar, Magisterarbeit--Tübingen, 2001.

Yeasts in their natural environment form structured colonies. This allows them to better adapt to environmental conditions, but also to more easily resist various types of yeast infection inhibitors. The metabolism of phospholipids is closely related to the morphology of colonies. An important gene involved in phospholipid metabolism is INO1, which encodes inositol-3- phosphate synthase. Expression of the INO1 gene is regulated by the Opi1p negative transcription factor, which also affects a number of other genes for phospholipid metabolism enzymes, is also necessary for the expression of the FLO11 gene, encoding Flo11p, which is essential to the formation of a structured colony. The main aim of my work was to investigate the correlation between colony morphology of a natural strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and phospholipid metabolism. I have found that changes in INO1 gene expression and colony morphology are influenced by carbon source, selenate activity and the inhibitor of β-oxidation, 2-bromooctanoic acid. Although the INO1 gene is not essential for cell viability, its deletion or overexpression causes changes in phospholipid metabolism and colony morphology. Selenate and 2-bromooctanoic acid also alter expression of the FLO11 gene, which is reflected in colony structure. Thus, 2-...