Tato práce se zabývá především vymezením venkova v České republice, jeho charakteristikou, historickým vývojem, stylem života na venkově a především jeho sociálními aspekty, který je přeci jen odlišný od městského, i když se rozdíly pomalu stírají. Jsou zde zkoumány životní podmínky venkovského obyvatelstva a srovnány s podmínkami ve městech a nastíněny základní problémy, se kterými se venkov u nás potýká a souvislosti, které mají vliv na stabilizaci venkovského obyvatelstva a udržení ekonomické funkce vesnice. Po roce 1989 dochází k významné změně vlastnické struktury venkova a zemědělství, klesá zaměstnanost v zemědělské prvovýrobě, roste nezaměstnanost, mění se nabídka pracovních příležitostí i způsob života na venkově. Venkovská obec se stává relativně samostatným subjektem, a roste význam obecního zastupitelstva. Sociální struktura venkova je tvořena ekonomicky aktivním obyvatelstvem, mladými lidmi a především seniory, jejichž počet v poslední době poměrně výrazně roste. Předpokladem dlouhodobé perspektivy je možnost vhodného zaměstnání a dostupnost kvalitního vzdělání pro děti. Senioři zase potřebují přístupnou a kvalitní sociální a lékařskou péči. Informace, které jsou zde presentované, jsou čerpány především z výsledků výzkumů Sociologické laboratoře České zemědělské univerzity v Praze, která je zaměřena na sociologii venkova

Master's thesis deals with the topic of Czechoslovakian fortification between the years 1936 -- 1938 and its landscape values. Theoretical part summarizes current knowledge of historical forms of fortification and their relation to the landscape. Main focus is directed towards demographical, geopolitical and strategic context of Czechoslovakian fortification between the years 1936 -- 1938 and its building, concepts, forms, and principles of its emplacement in landscape. This part further aims to identify current domestic or foreign trends of landscape interventions that include fortification heritage. The results of layer approach analysis are applied in the proposed design that deals with a new conception of an educational trail "Concrete Border" located in "The Králíky fortified sector". The concept aims to demonstrate some specific attributes of the fortified sector, such as relations between forts and primary and secondary landscape layer, and also between each other.

In this thesis, we analyzed the perception of landscape during education. It is presented as constructive process determined by evolutionary aspects, ontegenesis, personal and social specificity. Students´ misconceptions of landscape are presented as natural process during knowledge integration, which has to be diagnosed and solved. Different aspect of education can affect students´personality toward the development of not only kognitive, but also affective dimensions. By this, students´ attidudes toward landscape can be steered. The attention is foccused on the student perception of present landscape and understanding ofexistence of landscape micsonceptions among students. Variables such as teachers´ personal attitudes or certain activation methods were found to be related to students´concept of the landscape. Fulfilling of educational goals by teachers was not found significant for students´landscape perception.

The large-scale decline of traditionally managed early-successional habitats caused by the joint effects of agricultural intensification and abandonment of marginal lands has resulted in a critical reduction of xerophilous arthopods throughout Europe. The question is whether newly generated early-successional sites of human-made habitats (in this case vineyard terraces) may partially compensate this habitat loss. My research, therefore, focusses on spiders as model organisms to determine the potential importance of xeric slopes of vineyard terraces for biodiversity conservation in agricultural landscapes. I analyzed species density, abundances, rareness degree and conservation value among vineyard terraces with two habitat types of different succession stages (sparse and dense grass turf) placed in in landscapes with varying proportions of surrounding potential source areas (steppe -- foresteppes) and different surrounding habitats (habitat structure) around studied terraces. During 2011 were collected by different methods 6040 adult specimens of spiders belonging to 171 species, 69 genus and 24 families. From this representation were calculated high proportion of rare xeric specialist (40 %) and red-listed threatened species (15 %). From the statistical analyses, overall species density and abundance of spiders did not differ significantly between the terraces with sparse and dense vegetation cover, however species density was significantly influenced by presence of xeric grasslands around vineyards. The occurence of rare and endangered epigeic was significantly associated with the type of successional stage (for epigeic and epiphytic species), as well as rareness degree, conservation value and abundances significantly increased with presence of adjacent steppe grasslands. The results indicate that artificial habitats, such as vineyard terraces, are important refuges for wide spectra of xerothermophilous spiders. To prevent losses of rare and endangered xeric species, I suggest some small scale management methods that maintain important microhabitat mosaic structures under the different succession stages.

An important part of the revitalization of aquatic environment is its revival, resto-ration to a state close to nature. In a broader sense these are such interventions, which tend to reinforce landscape values and concurrently water functions of the aquatic environment. At the same time revitalization has a significant importance in terms of increasing the recreational potential of the landscape. This work focuses on the analysis of landscape links - revitalization measures of watercourses - recreation. The aim is to create a clear overview dealing with recreational utilization and possibilities of watercourses revitalization. The result is a methodical process of evaluating and designing targeted revitalization measures, which lead to an increase in recreational potential and utilizing watercourses in urban and linking-up suburban areas.

The diploma thesis deals with a development of the landscape in Dačice region, specifically in the municipality with extended competence Dačice. In theoretical part there is explained the basic terminology, methodology and sources of information connected with the development of land use. In practical part of the thesis are described historical impacts and events, which influenced the development of landscape in analyzed territory. Furthermore there is a detailed description and development of each category of land use. In the end there is identified an important landscape segment and proposed the way of its protection.

The thesis on the topic "Designed landscape -- analysis and proposed care" is interested in identification of designed landscape. The first part summarizes the main types and characteristics of designed landscape and the time of their formation. Selected model area was studying by methodics based on Methodics of identification designed landscape, which was created by Department of landscape planning. Besides landscaping survey, there were explored historical and also contemporary maps, picture data and literature and other sources. The next part is interested in designed vegetation elements ant their possible link with territorial system of ecological stability. Also there are some elementary principles about care of potentially designed landscape

This diploma thesis deals with the transformation of Czech cultural landscape in Ostopovice municipality. Firstly, the cultural landscape is described in detail and there are identified the specifics of the selected area. Subsequently, there are compared and evaluated changes in the landscape in the last 60 years. Used methods, such a scanning, questionnaires and SWOT analysis are described in the methodological section. There is also Ostopovice community and landscape-ecological context characterized in detail within the selected time period. There have been identified conclusive landscape changes over the time comparing historical maps to the present ones. Subsequently, the perception of these changes was detected by the population of Ostopovice through a questionnaire survey and interviews. The results of SWOT analysis reflect mainly the opportunities of the landscape in selected area. All three hypotheses were confirmed by using selected methods and subsequent evaluation. The results confirm the significant changes in the cultural landscape of the Ostopovice village.

This diploma thesis describes the analysis of landscape development and land use of existing maps in chosen cadastral unit Cudrovice. The literary research deals with the landscape, maps in our country and the defunct settlements. Afterwards the thesis describes the current state of the studied area and selected maps of this area. In the next part is analysed the development of individual types of land and the connection maps with complex land consolidation. Samples of maps are to be found in the annex to the thesis.

This diploma thesis focuses on the finished complex land consolidation in Kutna Hora district. It describes realized elements of the collective equipment plan in selected cadastral areas of Dobreň, Hořany, Hostovlice, Nové Dvory, Okřesaneč and Vlkaneč. The problematic of the land consolidation is described in the literal survey at the beginning of this work. The main goal of this thesis is to judge current state of the realized elements making use of documents of cadastral office in Kutna Hora and results of performed field research in the cadastral areas in question. The status of the Kutna Hora land consolidation is evaluated in this work as well. The most important contribution of this thesis is addition of the results into the publicly accessible electronic catalogue of the realized collective equipment of the land consolidation..