Sjuksköterskor ifrågasätter ibland sin närvaro under ronden och för motivation krävs förståelse för yrkesrollens betydelse. Trots rondens potential för vårdutveckling saknar den erkännande som ett viktigt forskningsområde. Syftet var att studera ronden som företeelse på sjukhus. En litteraturstudie grundad på 13 artiklar utfördes. Resultatet belyser att ronden skedde på rutin, aldrig ställdes in samt innehade främst tre funktioner: planering och utvärdering av patientvården, en pedagogisk funktion samt en samordnande funktion. Rondens upplägg påverkade patienters upplevelse och delaktighet. Sjuksköterskor kände sig ofta exkluderade, hade svårigheter att förmedla information och bidrog sällan till beslutsfattandet. Sjuksköterskans bidrag under ronden var nödvändigt och höjde patientsäkerheten. Gemensamma verktyg för kommunikation, dokumentation och riskanalyser inom vårdteamet har utvecklats för att förbättra ronden. Det förekom att patienter och vårdpersonal var missnöjda med upplägget av ronden och i båda grupperna fanns de som kände oro under ronden samt hade bristfällig kunskap om dess innebörd och syfte. Ronden bör därför lyftas i utbildningen och studenter tränas i att kommunicera med andra inom vårdteamet. Yrkesverksamma bör främja patienters delaktighet och förståelse under ronden. Kommande forskning bör utgå från ett omvårdnadsperspektiv och riktas mot hur ronden kan användas som ett effektivt arbetsverktyg och hur teamarbete kan uppmuntras. / Nurses sometimes question their presence during the ward round and understanding of the importance of their professional role is required as motivation. In spite of the ward rounds’ potential for care development it lacks recognition as an important research area. The aim was to study the ward round as a phenomenon. A literature review was conducted using 13 papers. The findings reveal that the ward round was conducted as a routine part and was never cancelled. It consisted of mainly three functions; planning and evaluation of the patient care, a pedagogical function and a coordinating function. The format affected patients experience and participation. Nurses often felt excluded, experienced difficulties in providing information and rarely contributed to decision making. Nurses’ contribution in the ward round was essential and increased patient safety. Common tools for communication, documentation and risk analysis within the care team have been developed to improve the ward round. There were patients and staffs who were dissatisfied with the format and there existed anxiousness during the ward round and lack of knowledge about the meaning and purpose in both groups. The ward round needs to be highlighted in education and students need to practice communication with other care team members. Professionals should promote patient participation and understanding during the ward round. Future research should include a nursing perspective and address how the ward round could be used as an effective tool and how to promote teamwork.

The role of physicians in Swedish society changed dramatically in the 19th century. The need for people not only to be healthy, but also to be seen as healthy by society gave physicians a power that often has been compared to the power of the clergy in early modern era. How might this change have affected how physicians viewed themselves and others? The historically patriarchal and later also strongly paternalistic relationship between the patient and the physician is not unknown to scholars of medical history but can be supplemented with other perspectives and source material. In this study, I shed light on how physicians who were accused of malpractice or negligence in the course of their duties. I also review how the Disciplinary Board of Swedish State Board of Medicine, responded to the merits of the accusations and to the person behind the accusation in the late 1940s and early 1950s. The words and actions of the physicians and the Disciplinary Board members towards the other party in the disciplinary cases reflect parts of the self-image and professional identity both within the medical profession and the identity which the physicians and the Disciplinary Board wished to convey outside the medical profession. It is therefore interesting to consider for whose sake the Swedish medical disciplinary board was established and run. Several conclusions have emerged during the study, including that the Swedish physicians did not need to have the patient's trust, whereas having the trust of colleagues and of the Board of Medicine appears to be essential to the physicians professional identity. Also, the stereotypical self-images of physicians as scientific, objective, and rational were contrasted with the stereotypical images of patients as subjective, naïve and ignorant, both by the accused physicians and the members of the Disciplinary Board. The indirect and direct power that the medical profession had over both their own profession and their patients perpetuated power imbalances in the patient-physician relationship. Criticism of the handling of disciplinary cases from various quarters in society and politics went unheeded as the criticism evident in the early and mid-1940s persisted also 30 years later.