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1	Does parental origin reflect the labor market outcome? : Study of differences between native Swedes and second generation immigrants Ekblom, Jens January 2016 (has links) Sweden is a country with an increasing foreign born population, where more and more people growing up with two parents born outside of Sweden. In this paper I examine the different labor market outcome for native Swedes and the six largest groups of second generation immigrants in the ages 30-39 years. The analysis is divided in two part where the first examining the level of gainful employment and the second the distribution in line of work. By using data from population register there was possible to perform detailed analysis. The gainfully employment rate are lower for the different groups of second generation immigrants. Unlike earlier studies regarding employment differences depending on parental origin, there are however not as distinct pattern of ethnic penalties. The result regarding line of work from the second part of the analysis show that some groups of second generation have a higher risk of being in less-qualified jobs after controlling for education, personal- and parental variables. Second generation immigrants parental human capital labor market outcome Andra generations invandrare Föräldrars human kapital arbetsmarknadsutgång
2	The effect of immigration on the regional labor market outcome Alshalabi, Mohamad January 2020 (has links) The effect of immigration on labor-market performance is the subject of various studies; most of those studies focus on the effect of immigrants on wages. The characteristics of the Nordics labor-market cause a shift in the focus to another labor-market outcome. The primary goal of this paper is to study the effect of immigration on the employment rate on a regional level. Two hypotheses are developed to study the correlation between immigration and the employment rate. By utilizing the autoregressive distributed lag technic for panel data, we find a positive association between immigration and the overall employment rate, as well as for immigrants' employment rate. Unit-root tests using both Levin–Lin–Chu and Harris–Tsavalis to test for time trend and cross-sectional dependence, the results show that most of the variables are integrated after the first difference I(1). Following, I perform a Westerlund cointegration test; the results for the two models show a cointegration among the variables. The two estimations developed by Pesaran PMG and DFE show different results for the two hypotheses. For the first hypothesis, Both estimators show a positive impact with the same magnitude of the share of immigrants to the total population on the employment rate, which contradict the hypothesis, and the estimators fail to capture the effect of education on the employment rate. Also, the density tends to affect the employment rate positively. A post estimation diagnostic, namely, the Hausman test, shows that the PMG estimator is both efficient and consistent. The second hypothesis of the correlation between the immigrants’ employment rate and their share of the population produces less clear results. Here the PMG estimators show no association with the share of immigrants, while the human capital coefficient is significant, the density coefficient is in both estimations. The DFE methods for the second hypothesis is similar in results for the first hypothesis, which implies a positive relationship between the share of immigrants and the immigrants' employment rate. Immigration Sweden Employment labor-market outcome ARDL Co-integration Economics and Business Ekonomi och näringsliv
3	Home, Job and Space : Mapping and Modeling the Labor Market Östh, John January 2007 (has links) How does space affect individuals’ outcome on the labor market? And how do we measure it? Beyond the notion of the labor market as a system of supply and demand, lays a society of individuals and workplaces, whose relationships are undeniably complex. This thesis aims to shed some new light on how to investigate and analyze the complex labor market relationships from a spatial perspective. In this thesis, five self-contained articles describe the spatial relationship between individuals and workplaces. In the first article, the official delineation of local labor market areas is tested against the delineation of labor markets for different subgroups. Differences in the regionalization are discussed from the subgroups’ and municipals’ perspective. In the second article, two sources of bias in the computation of local labor market areas, and suggestions how to reduce them, are presented. In the third article the spatial mismatch hypothesis is tested and confirmed on a refugee population in Sweden. In articles four and five, a new model for the estimation of job accessibility is introduced and evaluated. The model, ELMO, is created to answer to the need for a new accessibility measure to be used in spatial mismatch related research. The usability of the model is validated through empirical tests, were the ELMO-model excels in comparison to the accessibility models it is tested against. Social and economic geography GIS ELMO Estimated Labor Market Outcome Estimated Labour Market Outcome Accessibility Access Job Accessibility Place Employment Unemployment Labour Labor Labor Market Labour Market Topology Local Labour Market Area Modelling Modeling Spatial Modelling Spatial Modeling Spatial Mismatch SMH Mismatch Commuting Regionalization Geography Population Geography Economic Geography Time-geography Space Kulturgeografi

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