The main aim of this Master Thesis is the design of several hydraulic structures to decrease as much as possible the huge flooding caused by the Escartana gully which drains its water towards the city of Albacete (Spain) and its surrounding areas, affecting to their inhabitants; and causing huge material damages in residential and industrial areas, and loss of crops in nearby farmland. Some alternatives such as embankment dams with or without drainage systems inside the dam body and a roller-compacted concrete (RCC) dam have been proposed to be built, being necessary to carry out a multicriteria analysis in order to decide which alternative has the best fit according to the analyzed features of the region. The alternative chosen to be developed was the RCC dam for the advantages of this typology, currently in development and implantation in some countries like Spain. For this reason, a RCC dam is planned to be built some kilometers upstream of these areas, with the objective of controlling the future floods coming from this watershed by decreasing its peak flow. In order to increase the beneficial effects of the construction of the dam, a channel downstream is also designed to drain the discharged overflows by the drainage systems of the dam towards a natural endorheic area, the Salobral Lagoon (currently dried-up), located 13 kilometers downstream of the dam’s location. This lagoon is connected hydraulically to the drainage network of Albacete by means of the Salobral channel and due to its huge storage capacity, it allows to reduce substantially the peak flows over the Salobral channel avoiding the dangerous flooding and potential damages caused by them. As a result of the projected hydraulic structures, Albacete and its surrounding areas would increase substantially their protection against the floods coming from the Escartana watershed.

Det byggs i trä i Sverige som aldrig förr. Det blir alltmer populärt för varje år som går att ersätta prefabricerade element i betong samt pelare och balkar i stål med element med motsvarande funktion i antingen korslimmat trä eller limträ. Under tidsperioden 2010 till och med 2019 har andelen nyproducerade lägenheter i flerbostadshus, som byggts i trä, ökat med 122 %. Det kommer delvis som en följd att det först 1994 blev tillåtet att bygga flervåningshus i trä när funktionskrav infördes. Vid byggande i trä finns det olika sorters trämaterial att välja mellan, tre av dem är konstruktionsvirke, limträ och korslimmat trä. Konstruktionsvirke är ursågade delar av trädstammar och limträ samt korslimmat trä är sammansatta trämaterial av konstruktionsvirke i form av lameller och lim. Skillnaden mellan limträ och korslimmat trä är att lamellerna, lagren, är lagda i samma riktning i limträ och som namnet antyder, korsvis i korslimmat trä. Limträ har formen av pelare och balkar medan korslimmat trä bildar massiva skivelement. Eftersom trä är ett organiskt material kommer det vid hög temperatur att antända och förbrännas. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka huruvida brandförloppet skiljer sig mellan konstruktionsvirke, limträ och korslimmat trä samt ta reda på om limmet påverkar brandförloppet eller inte i fallen med limträ och korslimmat trä. Uppsatsen är av det kvalitativa slaget, och analyserar därmed redan framtagen information snarare än tillföra egen. Informationen hämtas från intervjuer med personer med för uppsatsen relevanta kompetenser och från litteraturstudier. Eftersom alla tre i uppsatsen analyserade material består av eller är konstruktionsvirke kommer brandförloppen i stora drag vara jämförbara. Lamelleringseffekten i limträ och korslimmat trä kommer göra brandförloppen i de materialen mer gynnsamma. Den stora skillnaden i brandförlopp kommer bero på huruvida det ingående limmet i limträ och korslimmat trä delaminerar vid upphettning. Det finns flera olika sorters lim tillåtna för ändamålet, där vissa sorter delaminerar och andra inte. Uppsatsens slutsats är att materialen som tidigare nämnts i stort genomgår samma brandförlopp och att valet av lim kommer ha påverkan på brandförloppet då eventuell delaminering är ogynnsamt för konstruktionen. / In Sweden, building with wood have never been so popular as now and to exchange prefabricated elements in concrete and pillars and beams in steel with corresponding elements in either cross-laminated timber and or glued-laminated timber becomes increasingly more popular on a yearly basis. During the timeframe from 2010 through 2019 the share of newly produced flats in multi-storey buildings have risen with 122 %. In part, it can be explained by the introduction of function-based design in Sweden 1994, before that, wooden multi-storey buildings were not allowed. When building with wood, there are several wooden materials to choose from, three of which are dimensional lumber, glued-laminated timber, and cross-laminated timber. Dimensional lumber is sawed parts of logs and glued-laminated timber and cross-laminated timber are engineered wood composed by dimensional lumber in form of laminating stock and adhesives. The difference between glued-laminated timber and cross-laminated timber are that the laminating stock, the layers, are oriented the same way in glued-laminating lumber and as the name suggests, crossed, perpendicular to each other in cross-laminated timber. Glued-laminated timber is used as pillars and beams while cross-laminated timber is used as massive wooden panels. Since wood is an organic material, it will ignite and combust at high temperatures. The purpose of the thesis is to examinate whether the fire course differs in dimensional lumber, glued-laminated timber, and cross-laminated timber. The thesis is qualitative, and therefore analyses already researched information rather than providing new. The information is provided by interviews with people with relevant functions according to the thesis and from literary studies. As all three materials analysed in the thesis are composed of or are dimensional lumber the fire course will broadly be comparable, however, the in glued-laminated timber and cross-laminated timber inherent laminating effect will make these materials fire course more advantageous. The main divergence in fire course will depend on whether the in glued-laminated timber and cross-laminated timber inherent adhesive will delaminate when heated or not. There are several different types of adhesives allowed for the purpose where some types will delaminate and other will not when heated. The conclusion of the thesis is that the earlier mentioned materials broadly experience the same fire course, and that the choice of adhesive will have effect on the fire course due to eventual delamination being disadvantageous for the construction. / <p>Betyg 2021-06-04</p>