The aim of this essay was to examine the way preschool teachers and children converse during school meals, and also the way preschool teachers start and develop conversations during meals. The conversations were analyzed from the topic of conversation and the teachers' ways of using language acts such as questions, remarks, exhortations. The study was based on observations, tape recording and contact schedule. The result shows that the topic of conversation is significant for how involved teachers are in conversations during meals. The result also shows how conversations develop or end depending on what language acts teachers use. This is particularly clear when using questions and exhortations. The discussion of this study is mainly about the fact that teachers use of questions does not seem to make conversation progress. In several cases, teachers' shut conversations down by using language acts. The discussion also shows that conversation between children can develop and progress without the help of teachers. / Barns språkutveckling, och närmare bestämt hur förskollärare och barn samtalar vidmåltid är i fokus i följande undersökning. Studien syftar till att undersöka förskolläraressätt att påbörja och vidareutveckla samtal under måltider i förskolan. Samtalenanalyseras utifrån samtalsämne och förskollärarnas sätt att använda sig av olikaspråkhandlingar (frågor, påståenden och uppmaningar). Studien genomförs med hjälpav observationer, bandinspelningar och kontaktscheman. Resultatet visar attsamtalsämnena under måltiderna har betydelse för förskollärarnas delaktighet. Det visarockså hur samtalen vidareutvecklas alternativt stannar av genom de olikaspråkhandlingar, särskilt frågor och uppmaningar som lärarna använder sig av.Diskussionen berör särskilt förskollärarnas användande av frågor vilka inte direkt visarsig vidareutveckla samtalen i någon mening. I flera fall tystar förskollärarna istället nedsamtalen genom sina språkhandlingar. Vi berör även att barnens egna samtal i flera fallutvecklas utan förskollärarens delaktighet.

<p> </p><p>The aim of this essay was to examine the way preschool teachers and children converse during school meals, and also the way preschool teachers start and develop conversations during meals. The conversations were analyzed from the topic of conversation and the teachers' ways of using language acts such as questions, remarks, exhortations. The study was based on observations, tape recording and contact schedule. The result shows that the topic of conversation is significant for how involved teachers are in conversations during meals. The result also shows how conversations develop or end depending on what language acts teachers use. This is particularly clear when using questions and exhortations. The discussion of this study is mainly about the fact that teachers use of questions does not seem to make conversation progress. In several cases, teachers' shut conversations down by using language acts. The discussion also shows that conversation between children can develop and progress without the help of teachers.</p> / <p>Barns språkutveckling, och närmare bestämt hur förskollärare och barn samtalar vidmåltid är i fokus i följande undersökning. Studien syftar till att undersöka förskolläraressätt att påbörja och vidareutveckla samtal under måltider i förskolan. Samtalenanalyseras utifrån samtalsämne och förskollärarnas sätt att använda sig av olikaspråkhandlingar (frågor, påståenden och uppmaningar). Studien genomförs med hjälpav observationer, bandinspelningar och kontaktscheman. Resultatet visar attsamtalsämnena under måltiderna har betydelse för förskollärarnas delaktighet. Det visarockså hur samtalen vidareutvecklas alternativt stannar av genom de olikaspråkhandlingar, särskilt frågor och uppmaningar som lärarna använder sig av.Diskussionen berör särskilt förskollärarnas användande av frågor vilka inte direkt visarsig vidareutveckla samtalen i någon mening. I flera fall tystar förskollärarna istället nedsamtalen genom sina språkhandlingar. Vi berör även att barnens egna samtal i flera fallutvecklas utan förskollärarens delaktighet.</p>

Project (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. M.S. 1992. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 202-204). Also available via the Internet.

This study compares USA and Swedish laws on Native Americans and Sami. Indigenous peoples are known to have inadequate rights because they are discriminated against. This is why the study has focused on examining what their rights look like and whether it is the implementation of the laws that has caused the high risk of discrimination. The study has focused on three areas: discrimination, self-determination and assimilation. the study has been based on these three areas when we look at the laws to see how it is in these areas among indigenous peoples. The approach will be to review the laws and compare them with similar laws in both countries, to see what similarities and differences there are around the laws of indigenous peoples. The different laws that the study will be going through in Sweden are Nationella minoriteter and minoritetspråk, Rennäringslagen and Sametingslagen and the US laws are the General allotment act, the Indian civil rights act, the Indian reorganization act and Native American language act. The results showed that the laws have some similarities but also large differences, because of the different forms of governments the countries have. One example of this is in the USA they have allot of power far down among the levels such as the states themselves and Native Americans own governments and courts, where they have the power to judge people and enforce laws. In Sweden the largest power exists in the parliament and the Sami there for do not have their own courts or governments where they have the power that Native Americans have. It also showed that many of the laws have changed some over the years, some more than others, but it turns out that it does not matter so much when they still have not made enough significant changes that help the indigenous peoples.