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Verzogerungsmomente im deutschen SatzbauSteyn, Emerensia Catharina 15 July 2014 (has links)
M.A. (German) / Please refer to full text to view abstract
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Aspectual distinctions in Sk̲wx̲wú7meshBar-el, Leora Anne 05 1900 (has links)
The classification of predicates according to their aspectual properties has a long history,
dating back to Aristotle. Perhaps the most influential classification can be attributed to
Vendler (1967). The time schemata to distinguish his four classes relies on a combination of
entailment patterns and behaviours of "verbs" in different structures. Since Vendler, many
researchers have revisited this classification, differing on both the proposed number of
classes as well as the ways in which they are derived. Although they use different diagnostics
to motivate their systems, what these approaches seem to share in common is the claim that
aspectual classes are universal. This thesis addresses this claim and proposes that based on
data from Skwxwu7mesh (a.k.a. Squamish), the representations of predicates vary crosslinguistically.
I argue for a classification based on the presence/absence of intrinsic initial and
final points in predicate representations.
Chapters Two and Three are concerned with final points and initial points,
respectively. I present four diagnostics which I argue test for the presence of final points and
two diagnostics that test for the presence of initial points. Based on the results of these tests, I
propose a modification of Rothstein's (2004) predicate templates (that in turn are a
modification of Dowty's 1979 templates) to account for the classification of Skwxwu7mesh
predicate classes that emerges.
Chapters Four and Five are concerned with perfectivity and imperfectivity,
respectively. In these chapters, I motivate the claim that Skwxwu7mesh has both a
progressive marker and an imperfective marker. I propose that adopting Dowty's (1979)
analysis of the progressive and Kratzer's (1998) analysis of the imperfective, along with the
predicate representations introduced in chapters two and three, can derive the readings of
progressive and imperfective predicates in Skwxwu7mesh.
Based on a small study involving 10 native speakers of English who are not linguists,
in Chapter Six I briefly revisit English aspectual classes. Using the results of some of the
diagnostics from chapters two and three, I show the contrast between English and
Skwxwu7mesh predicate representations, highlighting the claim that aspectual classes do
indeed vary cross-linguistically. / Arts, Faculty of / Linguistics, Department of / Graduate
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Topics on Yorùbá nominal expressionsAjíbóyè, Ọládiípọ̀ Jacob 05 1900 (has links)
This thesis discusses four selected topics on Yoruba nominal expressions: the syntax of
possessives, the construal of bare nouns, the marking of specificity and salience, and
plural marking strategies.
Regarding possessives, it is proposed that they have one base structure (a v P
shell). The difference in surface linear order between verbal and nominal genitives is
determined by which of the two arguments move. In nominal genitives, the possessum
moves. In verbal genitives, it is the possessor that moves.
Regarding the interpretation of Yoruba bare nouns, it is shown that they can be
construed in one of three ways: as generics, as indefinites, or as definites. First, generics
may be lexically conditioned (with permanent state predicates) or grammatically
conditioned (with transitory predicates through the use of imperfective maa-n). Second,
wherever a generic construal is illicit, an indefinite construal is licit. Third, definite
construals are discourse-linked.
Regarding specificity, it is shown that Yoruba overtly marks specificity on NPs
with the element kan. Regarding salience, it is shown that definite DPs are
morphologically marked as salient (by virtue of being unique, in an identity relation or
additive) through the use of ndd.
Finally, regarding plural marking, it is shown that Yoruba uses three different
strategies: contextually, semantically, or morphologically determined plurality. It is
proposed that the deployment of the PLURAL feature is determined by feature
percolation or feature matching. / Arts, Faculty of / Linguistics, Department of / Graduate
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Topics in the syntax and semantics of Blackfoot quantifiers and nominalsGlougie, Jennifer R. S. 05 1900 (has links)
Dispersion of mass is a measure of the deviation of transportation of fluid in a reactor
from ideal reactor behavior (perfect mixing or plug flow) caused by the combined effects of
diffusion, convection and migration.
Axial dispersion is always undesirable because it reduces the driving force of the reaction
and therefore causes a lower level of conversion. On the other hand, transverse dispersion is
often a desirable feature since good transverse mixing will reduce the transverse concentration
and temperature gradients and hence improve the selectivity of a thermochemical reactor.
Transverse dispersion of mass is of more importance in a three-dimensional flow-by
electrochemical reactor than that in a thermochemical reactor because the potential drop is in the
transverse direction and the reaction rate and selectivity are determined by the potential as well as
concentration and temperature distributions. The transverse dispersion of mass is expected to
have a more profound effect on the performance of a 3D electrochemical reactor due to the
strong interaction among the concentration, temperature and potential distributions in the
transverse direction.
In the present work, the axial and transverse dispersion of mass were studied with a twodimensional
dispersion model in two types of rectangular packed bed: i) randomly packed glass
beads with the average bead diameter of 2 mm and a macroscopic bed porosity of 0.41; ii) a
representation of a 3D flow-by electrode - consisting of a bed of carbon felt with the carbon fibre
diameter of 20 urn and a macroscopic bed porosity of 0.95.
A tracer stimulation-response system was set up and axial and transverse dispersion of
In Blackfoot, DPs appear to take obligatory wide scope with respect to the universal quantifier
while bare nouns take obligatory narrow scope with respect to the universal quantifier. I propose that the
difference in scope-taking properties of Blackfoot nominals is a consequence of their syntactic position. I
propose that over argument DPs are adjoined to the clause whereas bare nouns are base generated in an
argument position. I suggest that the scope properties fall out from this distinction in the syntax.
The Blackfoot universal quantifier, ohkan-, is a preverb. That is, ohkan- occurs as a part of the
verb stem preceding the verb root itself. I propose that ohkan- is head of its own QP which takes the VP
as its complement. I follow Sportiche (1998) in categorizing ohkan- as a stranded quantifier since it is
base generated external to VP.
Bare nouns, since they are generated within VP, are structurally inferior to ohkan-, since they are
within its c-command domain. The adjoined DPs, however, are structurally superior to ohkan-, since they
are adjoined to the clause. I propose that the structural superiority of DPs translates to their obligatory
wide scope. Conversely, the structural inferiority of bare nouns translates to their obligatory narrow
scope.
Blackfoot is a relatively understudied Algonquian language spoken in Southern Alberta and
Northern Montana. The Blackfoot data presented in this work come primarily from my own work with
two Blackfoot speakers. Both of my language consultants hail from Southern Alberta speak and the Blood
dialect of Blackfoot. / Arts, Faculty of / Linguistics, Department of / Graduate
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Die naamwoordsisteem in Noord-SothoBasson, Ethel 27 March 2014 (has links)
M.A. (African Languages) / Please refer to full text to view abstract
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A sintaxe dos adjetivos em português brasileiro / The syntax of adjectives in brazilian portuguesePrim, Cristina de Souza, 1986- 05 June 2015 (has links)
Orientador: Sonia Maria Lazzarini Cyrino / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T19:24:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Prim_CristinadeSouza_D.pdf: 1135362 bytes, checksum: 6e65e87a4ffa2b0dcf7a6ddeafb1314f (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: Buscamos com esta tese trazer uma nova forma de analisar a sintaxe e a semântica dos adjetivos que ocorrem dentro dos NP/DPs do Português Brasileiro. De forma geral, a literatura oferece uma explicação baseada na correlação posição-interpretação do adjetivo, o que mostrou não dar conta de uma série de dados. Neste trabalho, defendemos que os adjetivos são gerados à direita do nome, em adjunção, com exceção dos exclusivamente pré-nominais, e que são os adjetivos, e não os nomes, que se movem para uma posição mais alta que o nome. A motivação do movimento parte do determinante, que, a depender de seus traços, oferece ambiente para hospedagem do adjetivo qualificativo movido. No caso dos DPs referenciais, o determinante que é específico projeta uma categoria TopP, capaz de receber o adjetivo, também específico. Caso o determinante não seja específico, não há projeção que possa receber o adjetivo qualificativo, pois TopP não é projetado nestes casos, e por isso, o adjetivo não pode se mover. Também argumentamos que no caso dos DPs quantificacionais, o adjetivo poderá se mover para uma projeção focal. Assim, mostramos que a comparação entre o movimento do adjetivo com a periferia esquerda da sentença dá conta de resolver os problemas que as propostas anteriores apresentavam, além de também oferecer explicação para o que a literatura já havia alcançado. A proposta é econômica, na medida que somente uma classe de adjetivos se move, e os demais movimentos que possam ocorrer são independentes da leitura e dos requisitos do adjetivo / Abstract: This dissertation aims to bring a new way of analyzing the syntax and the semantics of adjectives in the NP/DPs of Brazilian Portuguese. Generally the literature gives an explanation based on the correlation position-interpretation of the adjective, but it cannot solve many cases. In this work we defend that adjectives, except those exclusively prenominal, are generated, in addition, on the right side of the noun, and that adjectives, instead of nouns, move to a higher position. The determiner motivates this movement and, depending on its features, offers an ambience to host the qualifying adjective. In the case of referential DPs, the specific determiner projects a TopP category that becomes able to receive the adjective, which is also specific. If the determiner is not specific, there is not a projection able to receive the qualifying adjective because, in this case, there is not a projected TopP and then the adjective cannot be moved. We also discuss that adjectives can be moved to a focal projection in quantificational DPs cases. In this way, we show that the comparison between the movement of the adjective and the left periphery of the sentence can solve the problems presented in other analysis, besides offering an explanation to what literature had already achieved. Our proposal is economic since only one class of adjectives is moved and the other movements are independent from the readings and the requirements of adjectives / Doutorado / Linguistica / Doutora em Linguística
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Prekoncept syntaktických vztahů koordinace, apozice a dominace u žáků ZŠ / Preconception of the Syntactic Relations of Coordination, Aposition and Dominance at Elementary SchoolMazánková, Anna January 2020 (has links)
The objective of the diploma thesis Preconception of the Syntactic Relations of Coordiantion, Aposition and Dominance at Elementary School is to discover whether pupils in the 5th , 6th and 7th grade of elementary school are able to distinguish syntactic relations. At first, the issue of the preconception is defined in the context of constructivist teaching concept, which works with the preconceptions actively. After that, the concept of syntactic relations is described in linguistic literature and textbooks, Framework Educational Programme, and methodological publications. A research tool which consists of special prepared exercises for the research purpose of this thesis was used to investigate the preconception of syntactic relations. The pupils did these exercises individually. By means of semi-structured dialogues it was investigated, how were the pupils thinking during the work. The dialogues were recorded, transcribed and analysed. The research sample comprised of 35 pupils from the 5th to 7th grade of a Prague elementary school. The research shows that the pupils are able to think about syntactic relations on a pre-conceptual basis spontaneously but the interference of the school teaching shows in the way of their thinking, namely in a formal approach to categorization and primary looking...
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The theory of anaphora in Korean syntax.Kim, Wha-Chun Mary January 1976 (has links)
Thesis. 1976. Ph.D.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Foreign Literatures and Linguistics. / Microfiche copy available in Archives and Humanities. / Vita. / Bibliography: leaves 210-215. / Ph.D.
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Language mixing in an English-Cantonese bilingual child with uneven developmentLai, Yee-king, Regine., 黎爾敬. January 2006 (has links)
published_or_final_version / abstract / Linguistics / Master / Master of Philosophy
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The grammar of negative polarityLinebarger, Marcia Christine January 1980 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 1980. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND HUMANITIES. / Bibliography: leaves 256-259. / by Marcia Christine Linebarger. / Ph.D.
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