Text in Afrikaans / Twee sentrale probleme word hier ondersoek, naamlik die daarstelling van 'n teoreties adekwate model om leksikale valensie te verreken en die problematiek rondom die beskrywing van Afrikaanse bewegingswerkwoorde. Die vertrekpunt is dat 'n teorie van UG lesikale valensie slegs ten dele verreken. So 'n teorie is gemoeid met die vorm van 'n konstruksie wat op LF-vlak leesbaar is. Gevolglik beskryf 'n teorie van UG valensie net in universele sintakties-kategoriale terme. In hierdie studie word die semantiese en pragmatiese komponente van 'n valensieteorie derhalwe uitgebou sodat daar 'n duideliker begrip verkry kan word van die wisselwerking tussen alle veranderlikes van valensie op 'n taalspesifieke LF-vlak. 'n Valensieteorie word op eklektiese wyse saamgestel uit verskeie ander teoriee. Die apparaat om die sintaktiese komponent van 'n valensieteorie te beskryf, word aan TGGmodelle ontleen. Die semantiese komponent van die teorie word aangevul vanuit die Konseptuele Semantiek en die pragmatiese komponent daarvan vanui t kogni ti ewe grammatikamodelle. Die interaksie tussen hierdie komponente word verreken deur teoriee van leksikalisasie, korrespondensiereels en die passing tussen konstruksies en leksikale items. Die ontleding van Afrikaanse bewegingswerkwoorde spesif iseer die omvattender anali tiese apparaat wat nodig is vir die verrekening van valensie verby die punt waarvoor 'n teorie van UG voorsiening maak. Dit blyk uit hierdie analise dat die valensie van die kategorie in 'n aantal valensieraambeskrywings vir die aparte subklasse saamgevat kan word. 'n Duidelike beeld van die universele en taalspesifiekidiosinkratiese aspekte van hierdie kategorie kan in terme van hierdie valensierame aangetoon word. 'n Verdere hipotese (die onakkusatiwiteithipotese) is dat die sintaktiese verspreiding van werkwoorde ui t hulle semantiek voorspel kan word. Hierdie hipotese word getoets aan die empiriese data van Afrikaanse bewegingswerkwoorde. Hierdie bewegingswerkwoorde word in groepe geklassifiseer na gelang van ooreenstemmende semanties-pragmatiese kenmerke. Daar word getoon dat bewegingswerkwoorde met dieself de semantiespragmatiese kenmerke dieselfde valensierame het. Valensierame is daarom op sistematiese wyse uit semanties-pragmatiese kenmerke afleibaar. Sekere fasette van valensierame word egter ook bepaal deur konvensies soos profilering, en deur bereelde interaksie met 'n basiese konstruksie se argumentstruktuur. / This thesis focuses on the development of a theoretically adequate model to account for lexical valence and to provide the detail for such a model by means of an analysis of Afrikaans verbs of motion. The thesis is a response to a theory of UG which inadequately accounts for lexical valence. A theory of UG is concerned with the universal syntactic form of a construction that is legible on LF level. It therefore describes valence in universal syntactic-categorial terms only. This thesis develops the semantic and pragmatic components of a theory of valence in order that a clearer understanding may be gained of the interaction between all the variables of valence on a language specific LF level. A theory of valence is construed eclectically from several other theories. TGG models provide the methods used to describe the syntactic component of a theory of valence. Conceptual Semantics contributes to the development of the semantic component, and models of cognitive grammar to the pragmatic component. The interaction between these components is explained by theories of lexicalisation, rules of correspondence and the fusion of constructions and lexical items. The analysis of Afrikaans verbs of motion provides the comprehensive set of analytical devices required to account for valence beyond the point of LF. From this analysis it emerges that the valence of this category can be summarized in a finite number of frames of valence for distinct classes within the category. 'n Clear understanding of the universal and language specific aspects of this category is achieved by means of these frames of valence. A further hypothesis (the unaccusativity hypothesis) posits that the syntactic distribution of verbs can be predicted from their semantics. This hypothesis is tested by means of empirical data of Afrikaans verbs of motion. These verbs are classified according to similar semantic-pragmatic features. It is shown that verbs of motion with the same semanticpragmatic features share frames of valence. These frames thus are deducible systematically from semantic-pragmatic features. Certain aspects of frames of valence, however, are determined by conventions such as profiling and the regulated interaction between verbs and constructions. / Afrikaans / D.Litt. et Phil. (Afrikaans)

Orientador: Angel Humberto Corbera Mori / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T23:03:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ferreira_RogerioVicente_D.pdf: 1518284 bytes, checksum: 737836af4e35dd725ffe71275b49b723 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: Esta tese tem por objetivo apresentar uma descrição morfossintática da língua matis (família lingüística Pano), falada por 262 pessoas que habitam no médio Ituí - noroeste amazônico. o trabalho é composto de doze capítulos. No capítulo 1, apresentamos a situação do povo matis e fazemos considerações sobre algumas diferenças entre as línguas Matis e Matsés - por muito tempo classificadas como uma única língua. Nos capítulos dois a doze, descrevemos aspectos fonológicos e morfossintáticos da língua matis. Por se tratar de uma língua que não apresenta qualquer descrição morfossintática prévia realizada por outros pesquisadores, procuramos descrever sua morfologia de maneira mais abrangente possível, procurando explicar, assim, a função de cada morfema dentro de cada classe gramatical. Abordamos, ainda, aspectos gerais da sintaxe. Enfim, o estudo da língua matis é o resultado de uma pesquisa que objetiva descrevê-Ia em seus aspectos fonológicos, morfológicos e sintáticos. O trabalho colabora para o melhor conhecimento dessa língua, tanto para a família Pano quanto para as pesquisas lingüísticas em línguas indígenas brasileiras / Abstract: The objective of this thesis is to present a morphosyntactic description of the Matis language (Panoan linguistic fami/y), spoken by 262 persons that live in the medium Ituí - northwest of Amazonian area. The work has twelve chapters. In the chapter one, we present the Matis people situation and make considerations about some differences between Matis and Matses languages, that were classified as the same language for many time. In the chapter two to twelve, we describe the phonological and morphosyntactic aspects of the Matis language. As any other researchers have not described this language, we described its morphology in a most expanded way, explaining, thereby, the function of each morpheme into each grammatical class. In addition, we comment general aspects of the syntax. Final/y, the study of the Matis language is the result of a research that has as objectives to describe the phonological, morphological, and syntactic aspects of this language. The work contributes to the knowledge of this language, also to the whole Pano family languages, and to the researches of Brazilian indigenous languages / Doutorado / Linguas Indigenas / Doutor em Linguística

Orientador: Lucy Seki / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T12:35:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gomes_AntonioAlmirSilva_D.pdf: 30622643 bytes, checksum: bb4371fbae1f9378f29d28dd8254bbc3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Esta Tese tem como objeto aspectos da gramática Sanapaná relativos à sentença simples. Sanapaná é a língua falada pelo povo homônimo que vive, dentre outras, na comunidade La Esperanza, às proximidades do município de Loma Plata - Paraguai. Constituída por seis capítulos, no primeiro constam informações gerais sobre o povo Sanapaná e sua língua inseridos em um contexto socioeconômico, cultural e linguístico. No segundo capítulo, apresento uma análise de aspectos fonéticos e fonológicos, com ênfase para os segmentos consonantais e vocálicos, bem como para a sílaba. O terceiro e o quarto capítulo são destinados ao sintagma nominal. A divisão entre ambos os capítulos pauta-se na concepção de categorias abertas e de categorias fechadas proposta por Schachter e Shopen (2007). Desta forma, no Capítulo III trato das categorias abertas, mais especificamente do Nome e do Adjetivo e, no Capítulo IV, trato das categorias fechadas que se relacionam com as categorias abertas. Incluem-se aí, portanto, os pronomes, os numerais, os advérbios, os quantificadores e as adposições. Compreende-se uma interface Morfologia / Sintaxe ao longo destes dois capítulos. Após referir-me ao sintagma nominal compreendido pelos dois tipos de categorias expressos nos capítulos III e IV, faço referência, no Capítulo V, ao sintagma verbal. Para isso, trato o verbo, assim como nos capítulos anteriores, em sua interface Morfologia / Sintaxe. Na perspectiva da Morfologia, mostro que o verbo Sanapaná apresenta algumas semelhanças com o nome no que diz respeito ao uso de prefixos. No entanto, distinguem-se em relação ao uso de sufixos. Na perspectiva da Sintaxe, mostro o verbo como predicador e, consequentemente, seus mecanismos relativos aos argumentos por ele requeridos. No Capítulo VI trato de aspectos da gramática Sanapaná relativos às sentenças envolvendo negação e imperativo. A análise apresentada para a negação assume (i) a existência de dois processos distintos, sendo um o uso de afixos e outro o uso de partículas e (ii) que tais processos interagem morfossintaticamente. Os seis capítulos em questão não esgotam a discussão acerca da sentença simples Sanapaná mas, ao contrário, a introduz. Apesar disso, constitui-se esta Tese um passo importante para o conhecimento linguístico mais amplo de uma língua da família Maskoy, considerando-se, sobretudo, o conhecimento reduzido que a comunidade científica detém das referidas línguas, em virtude da pouca oferta de trabalhos linguísticos disponíveis referentes, a qualquer uma das seis línguas que constituem a referida família. Esta Tese é, portanto, um dos primeiros estudos sistemáticos de uma língua Maskoy, o que me permite assumir que trabalhos futuros serão importantes para esclarecer, inclusive, dúvidas postas ao longo dos capítulos mencionados. Torna-se a referida Tese, portanto, uma rica fonte de informação de uma língua do Paraguai / Abstract: This thesis has as its objective aspects of grammar of Sanapaná relating to simple sentences. Sanapaná is the language spoken by the Sanapaná people, among others those living in the community La Esperanza, in the vicinity of the city of Loma Plata - Paraguay. The thesis consists of six chapters, the first containning general information about the people and their language in socioeconomic, cultural and linguistic context. In the second chapter I present an analysis of phonetic and phonological aspects, with emphasis on consonant and vowel segments, as well as the syllable. The third and fourth chapters are dedicated to the noun phrase. The division between the two is guided by the design categories of open and closed categories proposed by Schachter e Shopen (2007). Thus, in Chapter III open categories are discussed, specifically nouns and adjectives, and in Chapter IV I discuss the closed categories that relate to open categories: pronouns, numerals, adverbs, quantifiers and adpositions. These two chapters demonstrate the Morphology / Syntax interface. After discussing the noun phrase, defined by the two types of categories analyzed in Chapters III and IV, I refer, in Chapter V, to the verb phrase, and its Morphology / Syntax interface. From the perspective of Morphology, I show that the verb in Sanapaná bears some resemblance to the noun with respect to the use of prefixes. However, they differ regarding the use of suffixes. From the perspective of Syntax, the verb is shown to be with mechanisms for its required arguments. Chapter VI deals with aspects of Sanapaná grammar inherent in sentences with negation and in imperative sentences. The analysis presented for negation assumes (i) the existence of two distinct processes, one being the use of affixes, and the other the use of particles and (ii) that such processes interact morphosyntactically. Finally, I consider that the content of this thesis does not exhaust the discussion of the simple sentence Sanapaná but, on the contrary, introduces it. With this, I assume that future work will be important to clarify questions raised throughout the chapters of this dissertation. Above all, this PhD thesis is one of the most concrete studies of a member of the Maskoyan language family, which make it a reference point in linguistic investigation of the indigenous languages of Paraguay / Doutorado / Linguistica / Doutor em Linguística

Orientador: Marcos Aurelio Pereira / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T10:06:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fortes_FabiodaSilva_D.pdf: 2771238 bytes, checksum: 7a06bb102f796bda45206df1abd22a5e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Em nossa tese, examinamos os dois livros finais (XVII e XVIII) das Institutiones grammaticae de Prisciano (séc. VI), intitulados De constructione, a partir de dois eixos fundamentais: (1) a maneira pela qual os temas gramaticais desenvolvidos por Prisciano na constituição de sua "sintaxe" se relacionam com os temas das artes grammaticae dos séculos III, IV e V; 2) as relações textuais e teóricas entre o De constructione e o seu modelo...Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital / Abstract: In our thesis, we examine the two final books (XVII and XVIII) in Priscian's Institutiones grammaticae (c. VI AD) - De constructione - from two fundamental perspectives: (1) the way grammatical themes developed by Priscian for the constitution of his "syntax" relates to grammatical subjects within the artes grammaticae from c. III, IV and V AD; 2) the textual and theoretical relationship between his De constructione and its model...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic document / Doutorado / Linguistica / Doutor em Linguística

This thesis focuses on improving the syntax of a query language named DQL(Dynamic Query Language) in order to enhance the user experience and productivity of its users. The study investigates the original state of the query language and identifies areas for improvement in terms of intuitiveness, efficiency, and consistency.  Through an extensive review of existing literature and case studies, the thesis develops a set of guidelines for designing intuitive query languages that minimise the cognitive load for users. The thesis also proposes several modifications to the syntax of DQL that aim to simplify the structure and improve the readability of queries. Finally, the thesis evaluates the effectiveness of the proposed modifications through  semi-structured interviews to compare the original syntax with the proposed new one.

Text in Afrikaans / Tradisioneel is aanvaar dat die indirekte voorwerp nie in Afrikaanse stelsinne kan optree sander die voorkoms van 'n direkte voorwerp in dieselfde sin nie. Hierdie ondersoek het aan die lig gebring dat sekere voorwerpe wat voorheen as "direkte voorwerpe" geklassifiseer is, eerder die eienskappe van indirekte Hulle word dus nou geklassifiseer as en die parameters van die indirekte ooreenkomstig uitgebrei. Aangesien daar geen formele merkers vir die uitkenning en onderskeiding van direkte en indirecte voorwerpe bestaan nie, is parameters vir die doel vasgestel. Skoon indireckte voorwerpe (op enkele uisonderings na) verskyn altyd direk na die SPIL-posisie in 'n stelsin toon 'n groot affiniteit vir voorsetsels (versa vir, aan), en kan in die koers van adjunk afgegradeer word, deur me 'n voorsetsel te verbind, en kan sodoende ook na' 'n adjunk verskyn. Direkte voorwerpe kan daarenteen nie met voorset-: sels verbind nie en kan buitendien na enige adjunk verskyn. / Language Education, Arts and Culture / M.A. (Afrikaans)

Analysis on most heavily overused and underused syntactic features shows that, when compared with native speakers, Hong Kong students favour the use of present tense, tentative style, simple noun phrase structure and explicit clause-relation marking in oral presentations. They prefer using present tense constructions, adopting pronouns for nominal functions and using an interactive tone in written essays. In both the learner speech data and the learner writing data, quite a number of the overused and underused syntactic features are closely related to the differences between speech and writing found in Biber (1988), hinting at Hong Kong students' inadequate sensitivity to mode differences in English. / Analysis on textual dimensions suggests that Hong Kong students' oral presentations differ from comparable native-speaker oral production by being more written-like in terms of the use of explicit/situation-dependent reference and the inclusion of abstract/non-abstract information. Hong Kong students' written essays deviate from comparable native-speaker written production by being more spoken-like in terms of the involved/informational focus and the use of explicit/situation-dependent reference. Moreover, both the learner speech data and the learner writing data bear some resemblance to common native-speaker genres in the opposite mode. / The present study clearly demonstrates that Hong Kong students have limited sensitivity to the conventional usage of syntactic features in spoken and written English. The teaching profession should help the students develop better sociolinguistic competence when teaching grammar, speaking and writing. Future research on second language acquisition should also focus more on the learners' sociolinguistic development so that second language learners' communicative ability can be better understood. / This thesis investigates Hong Kong secondary school students' sensitivity to differences between spoken and written English by examining their use of 67 syntactic features. A model specifying how native speakers vary their use of syntactic features across speech and writing, Biber (1988), has been adopted as the theoretical framework. Fifty-two oral presentations delivered by Form 6 students and 52 public examination essays written by Form 7 students, both of which total about 10,000 words, have been analysed. The students' performance is compared with native speakers' performance in similar spoken and written production on the level of syntactic features and the level of textual dimensions. / Chui, Sze Yan. / "December 2010." / Adviser: Gerald Nelson. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 73-04, Section: A, page: . / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 255-266). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [201-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese; some appendixes also in Chinese.

Text in Afrikaans / Tradisioneel is aanvaar dat die indirekte voorwerp nie in Afrikaanse stelsinne kan optree sander die voorkoms van 'n direkte voorwerp in dieselfde sin nie. Hierdie ondersoek het aan die lig gebring dat sekere voorwerpe wat voorheen as "direkte voorwerpe" geklassifiseer is, eerder die eienskappe van indirekte Hulle word dus nou geklassifiseer as en die parameters van die indirekte ooreenkomstig uitgebrei. Aangesien daar geen formele merkers vir die uitkenning en onderskeiding van direkte en indirecte voorwerpe bestaan nie, is parameters vir die doel vasgestel. Skoon indireckte voorwerpe (op enkele uisonderings na) verskyn altyd direk na die SPIL-posisie in 'n stelsin toon 'n groot affiniteit vir voorsetsels (versa vir, aan), en kan in die koers van adjunk afgegradeer word, deur me 'n voorsetsel te verbind, en kan sodoende ook na' 'n adjunk verskyn. Direkte voorwerpe kan daarenteen nie met voorset-: sels verbind nie en kan buitendien na enige adjunk verskyn. / Language Education, Arts and Culture / M.A. (Afrikaans)

Les conquêtes et les hauts faits d’Alexandre le Grand ont fait l’objet d’une tradition romanesque à laquelle est donné le titre générique de Roman d’Alexandre ;elle est connue par le biais de nombreuses versions, traductions et adaptations. L’objectif de la thèse est d’évaluer les prétentions littéraires des Res gestae Alexandri Macedonis de Julius Valerius, première version latine connue de ce Roman. Le texte – envisagé comme objet littéraire autonome, en raison, notamment, de la perte de l’original grec dont il constitue la traduction – a été analysé au travers de trois séries d’études, portant sur le lexique, la syntaxe verbale et les figures de style. Effectués sur la base de la dernière édition de référence (ROSELLINI 2004²), ces dépouillements offrent la première vision approfondie des ambitions qui caractérisent la démarche de l’auteur ;ils ont permis en outre d’envisager, à titre d’hypothèse, l’objectif de ce dernier :dans un monde en voie de christianisation, donner à l’élite politique et culturelle un nouvel accès à texte consacré à l’une des figures les plus célèbres de la culture païenne. / Doctorat en Langues et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Français :<br /><p><br /><p>Cette étude porte sur les structures françaises dites "corrélatives", construites en "autant.autant", "ni.ni", "soit.soit", "plus.plus", "tantôt.tantôt" et "tel.tel", soit des corrélatives "isomorphes". Si ces structures mettent toutes en relation deux termes ou structures, nous montrons ici, par le biais de descriptions sémantique, morphologique et syntaxique, que chacune de ces constructions est également très différente. À partir d’exemples tirés de corpus (français oral et écrit), ce travail ambitionne donc de mettre en évidence les propriétés des structures corrélatives isomorphes, de dresser le bilan des caractéristiques qui les unissent et les distinguent les unes des autres. Il a pour second objectif de questionner la place de la corrélation dans la typologie des modes de liaisons de prédications – c’est-à-dire la possibilité ou non d’assimiler les corrélatives françaises à de la subordination, de la coordination ou encore de la juxtaposition. Une tierce finalité, davantage méthodologico-épistémologique, a trait à l’examen de la façon dont les structures corrélatives isomorphes sont prises en compte respectivement en syntaxe traditionnelle, dans les approches graduelles et en macrosyntaxe (aixoise et fribourgeoise) ;il poursuit consécutivement un objectif plus général, celui de trouver une porte de sortie à l’impasse actuelle en syntaxe, née de l’apparente inconciliabilité des trois approches. <br /><p><br /><p>La réponse à ces trois objectifs nécessite une étude en deux étapes. Dans un premier temps, ce travail s'attarde ainsi sur chacune des six structures corrélatives, mettant en évidence leurs ressemblances et dissemblances tant sémantiques que formelles. Cette première étape offre alors la possibilité d’inscrire le phénomène de la corrélation isomorphe dans le cadre général des liaisons de prédications et de confronter plus spécifiquement les propriétés des structures dites "corrélatives" avec celles de ces autres modes de liaisons dans une les modèles 1) binaires ou ternaires des modes de jonctions propositionnelles (approche traditionnelle), 2) graduels (Foley & Van Valin, Rebuschi, Lehmann) et 3) macrosyntaxiques (écoles d'Aix et de Fribourg).<p><p><br /><p><br /><p><br /><p><p>English :<br /><p><br /><p>This project focuses on the study of so-called “correlative” structures in French that use "autant.autant", "ni.ni", "soit.soit", "plus.plus", "tantôt.tantôt" et "tel.tel", that is to say "isomorphic" correlatives. While all these constructions serve to connect two terms or structures, we shall show, through morphological, syntactic and semantic descriptions, that they each possess distinctive features. Using examples drawn from a corpus (French, oral and written), this project thus aims to establish the properties of isomorphic correlative structures, and to identify the characteristics they share and those that distinguish them from one another. The second aim of this project consists in (re-)examining the place of correlation in the typology of predication linking structures in an effort to determine whether or not French correlatives may be considered as a type of subordination, coordination or even juxtaposition. The third objective, which is methodological and epistemological in nature, will consist in studying how traditional syntax, gradual models and macrosyntax have respectively accounted for isomorphic correlative structures. In this way, we shall attempt to break the current deadlock resulting from the apparent incompatibility of the three approaches.<br /><p><br /><p>To reach these three goals, the study will be organized in two phases. First, the various correlative structures will be scrutinized in order to highlight semantic and formal similarities and dissimilarities. This will allow us to position the phenomenon of isomorphic correlation within the general framework of predication linking, and thereby compare the properties of so-called “correlative” structures with those of other linking structures. In the second phase, we will re-examine the place of correlative structures in the models advanced by traditional syntax, by gradual approaches (Foley & Van Valin, Rebuschi, Lehmann) and macrosyntax (Aix and Fribourg).<p> / Doctorat en Langues et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished