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在過去的二十年中，隨著1989 年的革命（以及之後突進的新自由主義經濟政策），信息和通信技術（ICT）的擴散，世界經歷了急劇變化。但高等教育，尤其是英文文學研究有没有根據這一時期的文化、經濟、社會和政治的情況來修正呢？本論文探討從現代主義美學和片面國家論述的小說（英文書寫的），過渡到一個文化和政治驅動並行的後現代形式，及反映一個日益全球化和全球意識的二十一世紀引人注目的問題。通過當代小說的新自由主義全球化的測試 ──或者也被稱為後現代的情况和晚期資本主義的文化邏輯──我們了解世界據稱走向非殖民化只不過掩飾另一種殖民方式，導致葛蘭西的霸權理論效果，使馬克思主義理論的社會力量轉變成促使不同階級的政治權力形式，取決於一個非常關鍵的因素- 共識。 / The world has experienced rapid changes in the last twenty years concomitant of the Revolutions of 1989 (and the subsequent onrush of neoliberal economic policies) and the proliferation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), but has higher ed,and particularly, the study of English literature modified in accordance to the cultural, economic, social, and political circumstances of the period? This thesis explores the compelling question by illustrating the transition of contemporary literary fiction (written in English) from modernist aesthetics and one-sided national discourse into a culturally and politically driven postmodern form to parallel and reflect an increasingly global and globally aware 21st century. Through contemporary fiction’s examination of neoliberal globalization - or perhaps what is also known as the postmodern condition and cultural logic of late capitalism - we come to understand a return of colonization in a world allegedly moving towards decolonization. What results is the Gramscian theory of hegemony, which gives rise to a Marxist theory of the transformation of social forces into forms of political power adequate to different class projects that depends on a very crucial factor - consensus. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Tchan, Chrystal Ching. / "December 2012." / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 105-110). / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Table of Contents --- p.ii / Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter One: --- Nationalism and the Decline of Empire --- p.15 / Chapter Chapter Two: --- The Reflexive Resurgence of Local and National Formations in Hari Kunzru’s Transmission --- p.42 / Chapter Chapter Three: --- Technocapitalizing Spooks in William Gibson’s Spook Country --- p.66 / Conclusion --- p.103 / Bibliography --- p.105

錢澤紅. / 目錄頁頁碼有誤, 頁碼271應為261. / 論文(哲學博士)--香港中文大學, 2004. / 參考文獻 (p. 238-260). / 中英文摘要. / Mu lu ye ye ma you wu, ye ma 271 ying wei 261. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Qian Zehong. / Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / Lun wen (zhe xue bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2004. / Can kao wen xian (p. 238-260).

This thesis analyses a growing metropolitan British fascination with northern Scandinavia and Scotland towards the end of the eighteenth century. These two northern regions underwent a dramatic transformation, from being places people avoided to being realms writers considered worthy of visiting, observing and narrating. This thesis examines the importance of the primitivist discourse of northern noble savagery in that transformation. While encounters with the ‘noble savage’ were largely associated with the extra-European world, the fascination with the north was in observing Europe’s very own native examples of the breed. The Highlanders and Islanders of Scotland and the northern Scandinavians, the Sami people in particular, were often romanticised in this context. Despite the Sami being celebrated in British fiction and natural-history works at the time, there has been, in contrast with Scandinavia’s ‘Vikings’, little scholarly attention given to them in a British context. The origin and function of the northern-noble-savage discourse is anchorerd in naturalhistory texts. This study emphasises the importance of the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778), who travelled in Lapland in 1732, in constructing idealised depictions of the Sami. Linnaeus also provided a model of domestic exploration in which naturalists produced inventories of regions and their inhabitants previously relatively unmapped by the state. Although the image of the northern savage often bore little resemblance to reality, it had real application and effect. Such imagery allowed allegedly backward regions to be incorporated into the national narrative, and through this the national community sought to benefit from these peripheries and their communities. The thesis also studies the consequences of actual encounters between metropolitan observers and the local populations of these northern regions. The travelogues of the celebrated natural historian and traveller Edward Daniel Clarke (1769-1822), who sojourned in Scotland and Scandinavia in 1797-1799, is the focus of the investigation. In a comparative analysis of his Scottish and Scandinavian accounts, this study presents Clarke as an ambivalent primitivist who both praised and condemned the Highlanders and Sami. Clarke was, for example, critical of what he regarded as the superstitious beliefs of both peoples. His narrative on the Highlanders was, however, far more positive than that on the Sami because of Clarke's adherence to racial classifications, which paradoxically Linnaeus had instigated, which demoted the Sami to mere savages. After Clarke’s death in 1822, attitudes towards the Highlanders and Sami continued to diverge against a backdrop of increased racialisation in British thought. While the Highlander became firmly integrated into a British narrative, the Sami was displaced by growing interest in a Scandinavian invader of Britain, the Viking, whose image went on to provide a robust challenge to the romanticisation of the Celtic Highlander in the century that followed. Meanwhile, the optimism over the Highlands’ economic prospects that had permeated the Linnaean project of exploration in Scotland was now gone. Whereas the idealised gaze of the eighteenth-century explorer had surveyed Highland history in order to chart a course to the future, the focus of the nineteenth-century tourist tended to be firmly on the past.

This thesis responds to a lack of information regarding reading practice in literature in early Middle English. Here, reading is often used as a metaphorical or symbolic act - representing piety, devotional practice, or intellectualism - but how reading took place, how users engaged with books, is rarely figured. Other seams of evidence are therefore needed to access the reading process. The corpus of manuscripts on which I focus consists of thirty-three multilingual books containing English, Latin, and French produced in England between 1066 and c. 1300. Using this corpus, and inspired by the work of Leah Price, Juliet Fleming, Kathryn Rudy, and others, I seek to test the boundaries of what has previously been considered permissible evidence for reading, thereby adjusting and expanding current conceptions of the range of activities and practices high medieval book use entailed. The thesis begins with a case study of some important readers: scribes. In chapter one, using the seven surviving copies of Poema Morale as a corpus I read against current critical considerations of variance in manuscript transmission as a sign of 'scribal authorship' in order to establish practices of scribal reading. Chapters two and three go on to demonstrate how these 'scribal readers' prefigured a work's use as they copied, particularly when they chose to introduce or exclude textual apparatus in the form of titles, capitals, or paraph marks. The final part of the thesis examines the retrospective evidence of use left by readers who marked and altered their books to determine the extent to which readers conformed to the practices imagined by manuscript producers. As a whole, then, the thesis showcases the variegated nature of reading practice - from critical analysis to nugatory scanning - and the alternative uses for books in English in this period. It shows that vernacular reading was a work of 'embodied intellectual labour' that benefitted from the material form of the book, and that engagement and manipulation of this form was not just tolerated, but expected, and perhaps actively encouraged.

Submitted by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-05-12T18:48:41Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Amaral, Raíssa - Festas manchadas de sangue e violência.pdf: 1093820 bytes, checksum: 7c27164973f8827ae895e9c077e148da (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-05-12T21:23:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Amaral, Raíssa - Festas manchadas de sangue e violência.pdf: 1093820 bytes, checksum: 7c27164973f8827ae895e9c077e148da (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T21:24:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Amaral, Raíssa - Festas manchadas de sangue e violência.pdf: 1093820 bytes, checksum: 7c27164973f8827ae895e9c077e148da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-22 / Sem bolsa / Esta dissertação analisa a relação entre literatura e história nos romances A Festa, de Ivan Ângelo (1976) e A Festa do Bode, de Mario Vargas Llosa (2000). O corpus literário privilegiado desta pesquisa retrata os períodos de exceção que ocorreram em países distintos: a ditadura civil-militar brasileira (1964-1985) e a ditadura da Era Trujillo (1930-1961) na República Dominicana, respectivamente. A partir do entrecruzamento entre literatura e história, esta pesquisa, amparada pelos estudos comparatistas, busca compreender como ocorre a representação literária das ditaduras (tanto a civil-militar brasileira quanto a dominicana) e investigar a metáfora do conceito de festa que permeia as narrativas. A hipótese inicial é a de que os significados ocultos por trás do sentido de “festa” coincidem, de certa forma, nos dois romances, pois há violência, sangue e iniquidades encobertas pela aparência de festa. / This thesis analyzes the relation between literature and history in the novels The Celebration, by Ivan Ângelo (1976) and The Feast of the Goat, by Mario Vargas Llosa (2000). The literary corpus of this research portrays the state of exception periods in two different countries: the civilian-military dictatorship in Brazil (1964-1985) and the dictatorship of the Trujillo Era (1930-1961) in the Dominican Republic, respectively. Stemming from the interconnection between literature and history, this research, supported by studies in comparative literature, attempts to understand how the literary representation of the dictatorship occurs (both the Brazilian civilianmilitary and the Dominican ones) and to investigate the metaphor of the concept of feast and celebration that permeates the narratives. The initial hypothesis is that the hidden meanings behind the sense of "feast" coincide, somehow, in both novels, because, in both texts, there are violence, blood and inequities covered by the appearance of a feast.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-09-25T15:17:25Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Vieira, Ilma Socorro Gonçalves.pdf: 1402990 bytes, checksum: 0ab112ef1bb2d1420f9cea4e10baedc8 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-09-25T15:18:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Vieira, Ilma Socorro Gonçalves.pdf: 1402990 bytes, checksum: 0ab112ef1bb2d1420f9cea4e10baedc8 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-25T15:18:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Vieira, Ilma Socorro Gonçalves.pdf: 1402990 bytes, checksum: 0ab112ef1bb2d1420f9cea4e10baedc8 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-26 / This research deals with dialogical relationships established in some of Ana Maria Machado‟s novels and juvenile books, having as the theoretical background the studies based on Bakhtin‟s principle of dialogism, which was highly important for the development of the concept of intertextuality, coined by Julia Kristeva. Taking into account the scope of the dialogical relationships recreated in the Brazilian writer‟s works, this study aims at investigating “intertextuality” through a more flexible point of view, by focusing on history as an intertext in the writer‟s fictional production and in the metafictional process as a dialogue between theory and literary creation. Regarding the relationships between historical and fictional discourse in Ana Maria Machado‟s works, one understands that the texts related to the colonization of America as well as those which refer to the process of dictatorship in Brazil are absorbed as fixed linguistic structures in the official historical discourse. They are, above all, eminent processes marked by tensions in human relationships, which are full of symbolic meaning. The theoretical basis to deal with the topics formerly mentioned are Hayden White‟, Paul Ricoeur‟, Luiz Costa Lima‟, Erich Auerbach‟, Linda Hutcheon‟, AndreTrouche‟, Maurice Halbachs‟, Gaston Bachelard‟ and Gilbert Durand‟s studies. As far as the metafictional process of the works are concerned, one understands that the dialogue between the theory and literary creation goes beyond the limits of the text in construction and promotes a revolutionary effect in the subject involved by the literary writing, because, while they are writing, Ana Maria Machado‟s characters deal with the process of writing itself, and, at the same time, they are able to recognize and reconstitute themselves. Friedrich Schiller‟s philosophical approach about literary creation, Linda Hutcheon‟s theories about the narcissistic narrative and the postmodern poetry, besides Lucien Dällenbach‟s theories about mise en abyme are the theoretical references used in the investigation of this dialogue. / Esta pesquisa trata das relações dialógicas estabelecidas em determinados romances e em determinadas novelas juvenis de Ana Maria Machado, tendo como referências fundamentais os estudos baseados no princípio de dialogismo desenvolvido por Mikhail Bakhtin e que sustenta o conceito de intertextualidade elaborado por Julia Kristeva. Considerando a abrangência das relações dialógicas instituídas nas obras da escritora brasileira, a pesquisa propõe um olhar flexível acerca do termo “intertextualidade”, ao enfocar a presença da história como intertexto na produção ficcional e o processo metaficcional como diálogo entre teoria e criação literária. Em se tratando das relações entre o discurso histórico e o discurso ficcional na obra de Ana Maria Machado, entende-se que os textos relacionados à colonização da América, assim como os que se referem à ditadura militar no Brasil, são absorvidos como estruturas linguísticas fixadas no discurso oficial da história, mas, sobretudo, como processos eminentemente marcados por tensões na esfera das relações humanas, por isso, carregados de representações simbólicas. A base teórica para tratar dessas relações são os estudos de Hayden White, Paul Ricoeur, Luiz Costa Lima, Erich Auerbach, Linda Hutcheon, André Trouche, Maurice Halbwachs, Gaston Bachelard e Gilbert Durand. No que diz respeito ao processo metaficcional das obras, compreende-se que o diálogo estabelecido entre teoria e criação literária extrapola os limites do próprio texto em construção e promove um efeito revolucionário no sujeito da escrita literária, pois enquanto escrevem, as personagens de Ana Maria Machado problematizam o fazer literário e, paralelamente, se reconhecem, se reconstituem, se reelaboram. A abordagem filosófica de Friedrich Schiller acerca da criação literária, as teorias de Linda Hutcheon relativas às narrativas narcisistas e à poética do pósmodernismo, além das teorias de Lucien Dällenbach sobre a mise en abyme, são as referências teóricas utilizadas na investigação desse diálogo.

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Ao longo das leituras dos romances do autor moçambicano Mia Couto é possível observar que, sistematicamente, o escritor propõe ao leitor a aproximação e a interlocução entre o mundo subjetivo das personagens no interior do texto e a História de Moçambique, protagonizada por esses atores ficcionais em recortes cronológicos em que passado e presente permanentemente estão em diálogo. Dessa forma, manifesta-se em sua prosa uma relação intrínseca entre a produção literária e, portanto, as especificidades próprias do campo ficcional e o comprometimento do autor com a realidade histórica de seu país. Através das personagens presentes em seus contos e romances, a História de Moçambique se apresenta e o autor constrói uma perspectiva crítica do país delineando uma realidade social e concreta manifesta vivamente no espaço onde as personagens circulam e vivem. O cenário moçambicano descrito, portanto, em seus romances e contos, aproxima o leitor da realidade histórica e também social do país, reunindo a dinâmica material da vida em Moçambique - com suas especificidades culturais e as tradições locais bem como uma reflexão acerca do próprio papel social da literatura. / Throughout the readings of the novels of the Mozambican author Mia Couto is possible to observe that, systematically, the writer proposes the reader to approach and dialogue between the subjective world of the characters within the text and history of Mozambique, starring actors such fictional clippings in chronological in which past and present are constantly in dialogue. Thus, manifest in his prose an intrinsic relationship between literary productions and, therefore, the specificities of the field of fiction and the author\'s commitment to the historical reality of his country. Through these characters in his stories and novels, history of Mozambique is presented and the author builds a critical perspective of the country outlining a concrete social reality and manifests strongly in the space where the characters live and circulate. The Mozambican scenario described thus in his novels and stories, the reader approaches the historical reality and also the country\'s social, gathering material dynamics of life in Mozambique - with their specific cultural and local traditions - as well as a reflection of their own social role of literature.

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