Kaffe är en av de mest sålda dryckerna i världen, och här uppe i Norden är det inget undantag. Företaget Scanomat på Öland har hyrt ut och renoverat kaffeautomater sedan 1986, och de behövde hjälp med att ta reda på hur stor miljöpåverkan deras renoverade automater har i jämförelse med de nytillverkade. Med hjälp av en livscykelanalys i Sima Pro så går det att utläsa vilken miljöpåverkan olika produkter har, och denna rapport har gått igenom fyra av Scanomats helautomatiska kaffeautomater för att se skillnaderna på miljöpåverkan mellan en automat som har renoverats och en nytillverkad automats som bytas ut ungefär var femte år för att sedan bli avfall. Resultatet blev att genom att renovera automaterna så skulle det kunna vara möjligt att minska maskinernas miljöpåverkan med över 60 %. De komponenter med störst påverkan var kretskorten, och rostfria stålet, vilket visar på vikten av att renovera redan befintliga produkter så länge det är möjligt i stället för att köpa nytillverkade. Att renovera, reparera och återtillverka produkter så minskar inte bara miljöpåverkan, även de ekonomiska kostnaderna blir lägre. Genom använda sig av frystorkat kaffe som Scanomats automater till största del gör minskar även det miljöpåverkan väsentligt.

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Licentiatavhandling (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Tekniska högskolan, 2004. / Härtill 3 uppsatser.

Elpress AB i Kramfors tillverkar bland annat förbindningsmaterial i form av kabelskor, och vill internt öka kunskapen om deras produkters klimatpåverkan, och var det finns potential att minska klimatpåverkan. Med hjälp av denna begränsade livscykelanalys vill de därmed få en överblick över klimatpåverkan för att i slutändan kunna nå en så bra klimatprestanda som möjligt och ha underlag för att kunna göra miljövarudeklarationer för deras produkter. Målet med det här projektet var att ta fram en metod för Elpress att använda sig av för att kunna genomföra livscykelanalyser enligt gällande standarder och utgick ifrån en kabelsko av modell KRF70-10, inklusive förpackningsmaterial.Arbetet utfördes genom att, inom den valda systemgränsen vagga-till-grind, beräkna klimatpåverkan utifrån emissioner i form av koldioxidekvivalenter (CO2e). I den mån information fanns tillgänglig inhämtades data gällande massan och klimatpåverkan hos respektive material som används, energianvändning hos maskiner, elenergins klimatpåverkan, utfört transportarbete och transportsträckor. Om någon faktisk information saknades så inhämtades denna från andra arbeten, och i ett fåtal fall gjordes antaganden om vilken information som behövs. Med diverse ekvationer kunde slutligen klimatpåverkan för respektive beståndsdel i en kabelsko räknas fram och sammanställas i en sammanlagd klimatpåverkan för hela kabelskon. Resultaten visade att den sammanlagda klimatpåverkan från kabelskon är 152–167 g CO2e/kabelsko, där den största påverkan kommer från koppartillverkningen (142–157 g CO2e/kabelsko), följt av transporterna (9 g CO2e/kabelsko), medan övriga delar (produktion, förpackning, tenn) har relativt låg klimatpåverkan. På grund av osäkerheter så är resultaten preliminära, men bör kunna utgöra en grund för Elpress för att i framtiden kunna göra en mer utförlig livscykelanalys. / Elpress AB in Kramfors produces cable lugs and wants to increase the knowledge about the climate impact from their products, and where they potentially can decrease the climate impact. With this limited Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), they want to get an overview to eventually reach a climate performance that is as good as possible and make Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs). The aim with this project was to compile a method for Elpress to use in making LCAs according to current standards and it was based on a cable lug of the model KRF 70-10, including packaging. The work was done by calculating the climate impact in the form of carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) within the system boundary of cradle-to-gate. Available data is collected regarding the mass and climate impact of the respective materials that are used, the energy usage from the machines, the climate impact of the used energy, transport work and transport routes. In the event that there was no data available from the involved companies, it was instead gathered from other reports, and in a few cases, assumptions are made about which information might be needed. With a number of equations, the climate impact of each constituent material in a cable lug was calculated and summarized to make up the entire cable lug. The results show that the total climate impact was 152-167 g CO2e/cable lug, where the largest climate impact comes from the copper (142–157 g CO2e/cable lug), the second largest comes from transports (9 g CO2e/cable lug), and the other parts (production, packaging, tin) have relatively low climate impact. Because of uncertainties, the results are preliminary, but should be of use as a base for Elpress when they make a more comprehensive LCA.

Most people agree that the Earth's climate is changing and that it's anthropogenic actions that are the cause of it. The year 2015 was a historic milestone for the Earth's future climate. A climate agreement was signed by several heads of government worldwide. The agreement will take place and enter into force 2020, with a goal that the earth's temperature must not rise more than 2 degrees. In order to achieve this goal all countries, states, communities, entrepreneurs and companies begin to work together to reduce emissions. The coffee rostary Löfbergs aims to reduce their carbon footprint by 40 % to 2020. To achieve the goal, they are working with sustainable actions to reduce the climate impact of all processes the coffee undergoes before it is a drinkable cup of coffee. The enviromental work done in the production is performed constantly, often by both large and small energy efficiency of technical and mechanical processes. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether Löfbergs shielding gas requirement can be improved by comparison of the current technical solution to other alternative solutions. The goal of this study is to find solutions to improve Löfbergs energy, climate impact and cost, through technological improvements of the shielding gas requirement. Comparisons and calculations in this report is mainly done by studying each process lifecycle, to analyse and determine the climate impact of the product flows for the studied solutions to the shielding gas requirements causes. According to the results obtained in the present report, which covered five different solutions to shielding gas requirement, financial savings can be made by around 900 000 Swedish kronor per year and the environmental impact is improved up to 71 %. Both better and worse solutions to climate change and economic cost is presented in the report to guide Löfbergs in the development of a more cost- and energy-efficient and climate-smart business.

<p>This study includes a life cycle assessment, LCA, on an ecological produced cotton shirt for the company Reflective Circle, which designs ethical and ecological clothes.</p><p>Initially were cotton farming and textile production studied to gather basic knowledge about the processes. Since this shirt is being ecological produced in the whole production chain, we studied what an ecological production means, but also how a conventional production works. When this was done we could start to discuss the differences and similarities between the production of the shirt and general conventional production.</p><p>When the LCA was first initiated, the main focus was on the green house gas emissions from the manure at the cultivation. Thereafter the process steps such as picking, ginning, carding, spinning, weaving and sewing were being studied. The picking is done by hand, but the rest of the processes are handed by machines which consumes energy. This conduce emissions like carbon dioxide, methane gas and nitrous oxide. The cotton farming is settled in Peru, and from there the textile is sent via Sweden to Estonia to become a shirt. This also conduce emissions, which is shown and discussed.</p><p>The assessment describes the exact influence on the environment during the production of the shirt, with just a few exceptions when data has been taken from other sources. This and how other presumptions are affecting the result are discussed in the chapter where insecurity is refereed.</p><p>Our result shows that the production of the shirt is affecting the environment in many ways. The most affected parts are emissions of green house gases from the farming and the use of electricity from the machines in the processes which also gives emissions of green house gases. When the shirt is laundered by the user, he or she is contributing to the use of energy, but this depends on how many times they do it.</p><p>The study ends up with a discussion about our results, how trustworthy it is and what our conclusions are.</p>

<p>The aim of my thesis was to do a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of an average thread tap that is manufactured by Dormer Tools AB, and to create a practical model that the company can use in order to study other thread taps from an environmental perspective.</p><p>The method of LCA is used to investigate the environmental effects of a product during its life cycle. This is a gate-to-grave analysis with focus on steel and thread tap manufacturing, coating procedure, use, waste management and transports. Three common coating types were compared separately. </p><p>Steel manufacturing answers for the highest energy and raw material consumption under the life cycle of the thread tap. Its emissions contribute to global warming, acidification and eutrophication above others. Transport emissions create the most photochemical oxidants (Los Angeles smog).</p><p>The study has certain limitations, nevertheless I think that it fulfills its aims, and it can – along with the model – be used as the basis of more environmentally adapted product choices at Dormer Tools.</p>

The aim of my thesis was to do a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of an average thread tap that is manufactured by Dormer Tools AB, and to create a practical model that the company can use in order to study other thread taps from an environmental perspective. The method of LCA is used to investigate the environmental effects of a product during its life cycle. This is a gate-to-grave analysis with focus on steel and thread tap manufacturing, coating procedure, use, waste management and transports. Three common coating types were compared separately. Steel manufacturing answers for the highest energy and raw material consumption under the life cycle of the thread tap. Its emissions contribute to global warming, acidification and eutrophication above others. Transport emissions create the most photochemical oxidants (Los Angeles smog). The study has certain limitations, nevertheless I think that it fulfills its aims, and it can – along with the model – be used as the basis of more environmentally adapted product choices at Dormer Tools.

This study includes a life cycle assessment, LCA, on an ecological produced cotton shirt for the company Reflective Circle, which designs ethical and ecological clothes. Initially were cotton farming and textile production studied to gather basic knowledge about the processes. Since this shirt is being ecological produced in the whole production chain, we studied what an ecological production means, but also how a conventional production works. When this was done we could start to discuss the differences and similarities between the production of the shirt and general conventional production. When the LCA was first initiated, the main focus was on the green house gas emissions from the manure at the cultivation. Thereafter the process steps such as picking, ginning, carding, spinning, weaving and sewing were being studied. The picking is done by hand, but the rest of the processes are handed by machines which consumes energy. This conduce emissions like carbon dioxide, methane gas and nitrous oxide. The cotton farming is settled in Peru, and from there the textile is sent via Sweden to Estonia to become a shirt. This also conduce emissions, which is shown and discussed. The assessment describes the exact influence on the environment during the production of the shirt, with just a few exceptions when data has been taken from other sources. This and how other presumptions are affecting the result are discussed in the chapter where insecurity is refereed. Our result shows that the production of the shirt is affecting the environment in many ways. The most affected parts are emissions of green house gases from the farming and the use of electricity from the machines in the processes which also gives emissions of green house gases. When the shirt is laundered by the user, he or she is contributing to the use of energy, but this depends on how many times they do it. The study ends up with a discussion about our results, how trustworthy it is and what our conclusions are.