This thesis provides a look on the issue of logistics on the present. The main objectives of the thesis are representation of the logistic flow of final products of the company Opavia-LU, s r.o. to the final client to maximize his needs and to focus on the certain problem and find his solution. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is dedicated to analysis of the basic theoretical points of logistics and the assumptions of its efficiency. In the practical part there is the description and the analysis of the logistic flow of final products and the solution of the concrete problem.

Domestic road transport is currently responsible for a third of Sweden's total greenhouse emissions. At the same time, freight transport is not being used efficiently. Full load carriers enable reduced environmental impact, reduced costs and the release of vehicles on the roads. In order to achieve sustainable supply chains, cooperation between actors is important. In the light of this, this study aims to analyze the restructuring of the logistics flow between three actors and what environmental and economic savings can be achieved. Furthermore the collaboration between the parties has been analyzed. To answer the purpose of the study, the authors conducted semi-structured interviews and collected quantitative data that formed the basis for calculating cost and environmental savings. Conclusions drawn are that the restructuring generates environmental savings of 3 724 kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions and cost savings of SEK 46,000 per month. Finally, it is concluded that restructuring of the logistics flow requires increased accuracy in orders and forecasts as all actors will be drawn closer together and given the opportunity to streamline the joint logistics flow through better communication and geographical proximity. / Inrikes vägtransporter står idag för en tredjedel av Sveriges totala utsläpp av växthusgaser, samtidigt som godstransporter i nuläget inte används effektivt. Fulla lastbärare möjliggör minskad miljöpåverkan, minskade kostnader och minskat antal fordon på vägarna. För att uppnå hållbara logistikflöden är samverkan mellan aktörer en central del. Mot bakgrund till detta syftar denna studie till att analysera en omstrukturering av logistikflödet mellan tre aktörer och vilka miljömässiga och ekonomiska besparingar som kan uppnås. Vidare har även samarbetet mellan aktörerna analyserats. För att besvara studiens syfte har författarna genomfört semistrukturerade intervjuer samt insamlat kvantitativa data, vilket utgjort underlag för beräkning av kostnads- och miljöbesparingar. Slutsatser som dras är att omstruktureringen genererar miljöbesparingar på 3 724 kilogram i koldioxidutsläpp samt kostnadsbesparingar på 46 000 kronor per månad. Slutligen konstateras att en omstrukturering av logistikflödet kräver ökad noggrannhet i beställningar och prognoser då samtliga aktörer kommer att dras närmare varandra. Sålunda skulle aktörerna ges möjlighet att effektivisera det gemensamma logistikflödet genom förbättrad kommunikation och geografisk närhet.

The expected economic and social growth, joint with the increase on the demand of services and goods that this will cause, will become an environmental problem (emissions and noise) as well as a logistical problem (congestion) that needs to be solved. The transport sector has to reduce drastically the use of fossil fuels and Sweden’s goal is to achieve a fossil independent vehicle fleet by 2030. It is expected that 2/3 of the traffic volume of trucks in Sweden will be performed along electrified roads. The most efficient way to achieve this is to use electricity and now that the technology to power trucks without the need of huge batteries has been tested and approved, is time to develop the infrastructure needed and study its impact in transportation and logistics. An electric road is planned to be operative around 2020 from Rosersberg logistics hub to Arlanda airport cargo city. The objective is to transfer goods from the logistic area to the freight terminal by the use of electric trucks. It will optimize the transit of logistics flow in the area, reduce emissions and release the traffic pressures on E4 at the same time. Arlanda airport used to have a restriction on the emission rate of all the companies operating inside Arlanda, the emissions of the trucks that drive the cargo outside Arlanda was also taken into account. This means that in order to be below the maximum levels, the high ground transport emissions limited the number of planes that could fly. Affecting therefore the capacity of handling bigger volumes and passengers. So in order to prevent this situation from happening again in the future (more environmental restrictions will appear) the best solution for all the parts involved is to give priority to sustainability in transport planning. The aim of this project is to come up with conclusions and forecasts of the whole transportation network according to the logistics needs, by analysing the economic, environmental and logistic impacts of using the El-road. The result expected is to provide a clearer overall picture of the logistic flows between Rosersberg, Arlanda Airport, Gavle container and nearby locations, such as Stockholm or Uppsala. As well as analyse the possible scenarios that might develop once the El-road is operating. Due to the nature of our data we decided to use qualitative and subjective methods rather than quantitative ones. AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process, Saaty 1970), will enable us to derive ratio scales from paired comparisons by defining the different criteria (cost, time, operations and sustainability) and assigning values to their respective sub criteria. These values will be assigned by each of the companies working inside Arlanda, since the goal is to define the best possible scenario for them in the future. The other method we will use is the decision tree analysis, this model of decisions and possible consequences that can occur will show a graph of all the variables that must be taken into account while defining the issues that will lead to one scenario or another. We consider it the best method to analyse and show how many facts can affect the final scenario outcome of this project.