<p>This paper is part of the research programme ViSuCity, a programme with the goal of creating more sustainable urban planning through the development of better visual tools, which ultimately means better communication between various parties of public planning. The paper concerns the implementation of MCE into a 3D program for visualization. Multi criteria evaluation (MCE) is a technique that has been developed during the last 20 years. It merges GIS with AHP, forming a decision making tool for localization of, for example, new buildings.The result is an automated tool that enables advanced analysis of geographic areas.The tool has a very high potential due to the completely automated MCE and it is adapted for people without a technical background, let alone formal training in MCE. It provides great opportunities to test different scenarios, something that should be an important advantage. The incorporation of MCE into 3D models has made it easier for users to relate the maps to reality, since a detailed 3D model is very easily understood in terms of geographical placement. A brand new feature that has not previously been used is the ability to import new objects and give feedback to the analysis. A summary of research on the MCE underlines the current situation, that relatively little research exists surrounding the use and demand of MCE. This paper unfortunately contributes to this fact since no user studies have been done due to lack of time. This is something future research should focus on.</p> / ViSuCity

This paper is part of the research programme ViSuCity, a programme with the goal of creating more sustainable urban planning through the development of better visual tools, which ultimately means better communication between various parties of public planning. The paper concerns the implementation of MCE into a 3D program for visualization. Multi criteria evaluation (MCE) is a technique that has been developed during the last 20 years. It merges GIS with AHP, forming a decision making tool for localization of, for example, new buildings.The result is an automated tool that enables advanced analysis of geographic areas.The tool has a very high potential due to the completely automated MCE and it is adapted for people without a technical background, let alone formal training in MCE. It provides great opportunities to test different scenarios, something that should be an important advantage. The incorporation of MCE into 3D models has made it easier for users to relate the maps to reality, since a detailed 3D model is very easily understood in terms of geographical placement. A brand new feature that has not previously been used is the ability to import new objects and give feedback to the analysis. A summary of research on the MCE underlines the current situation, that relatively little research exists surrounding the use and demand of MCE. This paper unfortunately contributes to this fact since no user studies have been done due to lack of time. This is something future research should focus on. / ViSuCity

Bibliotek och liknande arkiv har funnits i hundratals år och är en viktig del av ett lands kulturella arbete. De fungerar även som en mötesplats för alla; oavsett ålder, social eller ekonomisk bakgrund. Dessvärre visar färska rapporter att antalet utlåningar och besök minskar på biblioteken. Kulturförvaltningen i Stockholms Stad arbetar för närvarande med att ta fram en Strukturplan gällande biblioteken i staden för en kommande fyraårs period. Syftet med planen är att rekognosera hur läget ser ut idag för att sedan sätta upp mål för hur verksamheten ska utvecklas. För att ge stöd till framtagningen av strukturplanen kommer denna studie utvärdera hur väl lokaliseringsmodellen location-allocation är lämpad som beslutsunderlag för placering av bibliotek samt vilken inverkan olika typer av behovspunkter har på resultatet. Genom att applicera modellen i fallstudien Stockholms Stads bibliotek, kan modellen utvärderas för att se om den kan användas vid liknade frågeställningar i framtiden. Med hjälp av data över var folk bor, arbetar och rör sig utvärderas modellen i två steg. Först kommer varje behovstyp att analyseras var för sig och därefter testas tre metoder för att slå ihop de olika typerna för att skapa en mer enhetlig bild. Resultaten visar att modellen location-allocation har stor potential för att användas som beslutsstöd för bibliotekens verksamhet. Utifrån de olika behovspunkterna kan strategiska placeringar hittas och en bredare bild ges av var folk bor, arbetar och hur de rör sig. Varje enskilt resultat berättar mer om var människorna i staden befinner sig och det är också lätt att se skillnader på till exempel var folk bor och arbetar, samt var man bör finnas för att nå ut till den yngre befolkningen jämfört med befolkningen i sin helhet. De tre metoderna för att sammanslagning av resultaten visade sig alla vara effektiva och pålitliga. Att visa alla delresultat på en och samma karta, förslagsvis med hjälp av en interaktiv PDF, ger en tydlig bild över de olika behovstypernas betydelse och inverkan. Kluster av valda platser kan hittas och ringas in. De två andra metoderna, MCE-analys och linjarisering, ger en bra bild över vilka strategiska placeringar som finns, båda kan vara användbara för att på ett snabbt och enkelt sätt förmedla resultatet. En del begränsningar och osäkerheter finns dock med modellen som är viktiga att beakta. Lösningsalgoritmen sker heuristiskt vilket gör att det kan vara svårt att förstå exakt hur den räknar och vilken inverkan olika parametrar har. Därför är det viktigt att en omfattande genomgång görs för den verksamhet som ska undersökas, det vill säga, vilka behov finns, hur de ser på sin verksamhet och vilka parametrar tror de inverkar på besökarnas rörelsemönster. Slutligen ska det betonas att Kulturförvaltningen, som har varit en del av denna studie och som har gett sin input till analysen, har ansett att modellen och materialet är användbart. Då avsikten med analysen inte var att hitta exakta placeringar av bibliotek utan snarare att få en översiktlig bild av var de bör placeras för att bäst nå ut till kommunens invånare kan slutsatsen dras att resultaten från location-allocation modellen ger en värdefull input som beslutsunderlag. Det är dock viktigt att ha i åtanke att resultatet från modellen inte visar en exakt verklighet, utan att den endast ger ett förslag på hur man bäst når ut till befolkningen. Det ska också tilläggas att detta bara är en del av många när det kommer till biblioteksplanering. Till exempel spelar bibliotekens lånestatistik, utbud och inriktning en viktig roll när det kommer till att utvärdera verksamheten. / Libraries and similar archives have existed for hundreds of years and are an important part of a country's cultural work. It also serves as meeting place for all, regardless of age, social and economic background. However, recent studies state that the physical loaning of literature and the number of visitors at libraries are decreasing. Kulturförvaltningen (The Department of Art and Culture), a part of the municipality of Stockholm, is currently producing a structure plan for the development of the libraries in the coming four years. The purpose of the plan is to evaluate the current circumstances and thereafter set targets on how their business should develop. To support the work with the structure plan this study will evaluate the model location-allocation and examine if it is suitable as a decision basis for locating libraries and what impact different types of demand points have on the result. By applying the model in a case study, consisting of the libraries in Stockholm, the model can be evaluated in terms of usefulness in similar problems in the future. With the help of data of where people live, work and how they move, the model will be evaluated in two stages. In the first stage, different demand points will be examined separately and thereafter three methods will be tested to combine the different types to create a more uniform picture. The results show that the location-allocation model has a large potential to be used as a decision basis for library planning. With the help of different demand points, strategic locations can be found and a wider picture is given of where people live, work and how they move. Each individual result tells more about where the citizens are and it is also easy to see distinctions between the different types of demand, for example where people live and work and where the libraries should be located to reach the younger population in comparison to the population as a whole. The three methods for merging the results all ended up to be both effective and trustworthy. To show all the sub-results in the same map, preferably with the help of an interactive PDF, highlights the importance and impact different demands have as well as allowing patterns or clusters to be found and marked. The two other methods tested, a MCE-analysis and linearization, are both useful to show strategic locations and to quickly and simply communicate results. However, there are some limitations and uncertainties with the model that are important to take into consideration. The algorithm used to solve the problem is heuristic, making it hard to understand exactly how it calculates and what impact different parameters have. Consequently, it is important to make an extensive review of the business that will be examined, more specific, what are their demands, how do they look at their business and what parameters do they believe impact the movement pattern of visitors. Finally, it should be emphasized that Kulturförvaltningen has been a part of this study from the beginning and they have given their support and input into the analysis throughout the process. In the end, they considered the model and the results from it to be useful in the decision-making process. It is important to keep in mind that the results of the model do not show an exact reality, the intention of the analysis was to develop an overview of where libraries should be approximately located, rather than to find exact locations. The end result being libraries located to better reach their citizens. However, the above is only looking at one part of many when it comes to library site planning and many other issues such as the libraries lending rate, supply and overall focus play an important role when it comes to evaluating their business.