<p>Background/problem: Many business and industries have been hardly influenced of the occurrence of this financial crisis which is expected to be the worst financial crisis since 1929. Historically the luxury business has always been immune to uncertainties and crisis. It is of great interest to see how the luxury business reacts in the financial crisis from a marketing strategy perspective.</p><p>Purpose: To explain the impact of the financial crisis on the luxury business by using and identifying the nature of luxury and the suitable marketing strategies.</p><p>Methodology: A deductive philosophical approach and a positivistic and interpretative research approach are applied in this thesis.Findings: The luxury business has not been influenced by the financial crisis based on the interviews. The main reasons behind it are interpreted as the nature of luxury itself and its unique customers.</p><p>Conclusion: Based on our study and the involved companies, it is assumed that the luxury business is invulnerable to the financial crisis.</p>

Background/problem: Many business and industries have been hardly influenced of the occurrence of this financial crisis which is expected to be the worst financial crisis since 1929. Historically the luxury business has always been immune to uncertainties and crisis. It is of great interest to see how the luxury business reacts in the financial crisis from a marketing strategy perspective. Purpose: To explain the impact of the financial crisis on the luxury business by using and identifying the nature of luxury and the suitable marketing strategies. Methodology: A deductive philosophical approach and a positivistic and interpretative research approach are applied in this thesis.Findings: The luxury business has not been influenced by the financial crisis based on the interviews. The main reasons behind it are interpreted as the nature of luxury itself and its unique customers. Conclusion: Based on our study and the involved companies, it is assumed that the luxury business is invulnerable to the financial crisis.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:26:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ricardo Rocha Leal Gomes de Sa.pdf: 1842304 bytes, checksum: e027a79f4c3c4c5def68611741d0c306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-05 / This dissertation aims to understand how the point of sales is included in the marketing strategies of companies that sell luxurious fashion products, through the points of view of these companies head of marketing and their shop managers. The objectives of this research were to know how executives picture their clients and segment their target markets, which marketing strategies are applied to win and retain clients and then to understand the layout of a point of sales of luxurious fashion product in Brazil. Luxury is on vogue and the scenario where this research occurs are the point of sales of these expensive, rare products and prestigious brands. The research, with its exploratory and qualitative nature, used a non-probabilistic sample comprised of four marketing managers and three shop managers. The study was complemented with a non-participative observation, carried out in the point of sales of all brands researched. For the analyses of all data it was applied tecniques of contents analyses, based on ipsis literis transcriptions of the interviewees statements, all recorded in audio and obtained after instructions were given without defined patterns. The results show similar point of views about luxury products clients and that market segmentation is done based on these clients economic power. The marketing strategies are not innovative enough, are focused in high quality, exclusive and practical products. The products distribution is selective, but all shops get at least one complete set of products of each collection. Prices are defined based on historical prices and sales expectations and communication is based on magazine advertisements, the collection book and phone calls to clients. In relation to the point of sales, it came up that one shop differentiates from another mainly due to its localization and to attending team. Another relevant conclusion taken is that the display window are used to attract clients and the interior of the shop is researched to stimulate the clients senses so they will buy more. It was noticed that the attending makes difference in the sales performance by making clients loyal and that events and fashion shows are performed in the shops by each new collection release. It was also noticed that several free services are carefully offered in the shops and possibility of paying in installments by credit and these are usual practices for most of the clients. / Esta dissertação visa conhecer de que modo o ponto de vendas está inserido nas estratégias de marketing das empresas de produtos de luxo de moda no Brasil, do ponto de vista do responsável de marketing das empresas e do gerente de suas lojas. Os objetivos da pesquisa foram os de conhecer como os executivos caracterizam seus clientes e segmentam seus mercados alvo; quais as estratégias de marketing aplicadas para conquista e retenção de clientes; e por fim entender como está configurado o ponto de vendas de produtos de luxo de moda no Brasil. O luxo está na moda e o cenário onde as experiências acontecem são os pontos de vendas destes produtos caros, raros e de marcas de prestígio. A pesquisa, de natureza exploratória e qualitativa utilizou uma amostra não probabilística composta por quatro gestores de marketing e três gerentes de suas lojas. Complementou-se o estudo com a observação não participante, que foi realizada nos pontos de vendas de todas as marcas pesquisadas. Para o tratamento e análise dos dados foram aplicadas técnicas de análise de conteúdo, com base nas transcrições ipsis literis dos depoimentos dos entrevistados, os quais foram gravados em áudio, obtidos a partir de um roteiro semi estruturado padrão. Os resultados demonstraram visões similares sobre os clientes de produtos de luxo e que a segmentação do mercado é realizada de acordo com a renda de seus clientes. As estratégias de marketing aplicadas são pouco inovadoras, focadas em produtos com alta qualidade, peças exclusivas e de muita praticidade. A distribuição das mercadorias é seletiva, mas todas as lojas recebem ao menos uma grade completa de cada peça da coleção. Os preços são definidos de acordo com histórico e expectativas das vendas e a comunicação é baseada na promoção de moda para revistas, no book da coleção e nas ligações da equipe de vendas para as clientes. A respeito do ponto de vendas constatou-se que o diferencial de uma loja para outra está centrado na localização e na equipe de atendimento. Outra constatação relevante é que as vitrines são utilizadas para atrair os clientes e o ambiente interno da loja é estudado para oferecer a melhor hospitalidade possível e estimular os sentidos das clientes para que comprem mais. Pôde-se perceber que o atendimento faz a diferença no desempenho das vendas por meio da fidelização das clientes e que eventos e desfiles são realizados nas lojas nos lançamentos das coleções. Também se constatou que diversos serviços são oferecidos gratuitamente e são prestados nas lojas com muito cuidado, além do parcelamento das vendas no cartão de crédito ser uma prática usual da maioria das compradoras.

Digitaliseringen har gjort att sociala kanaler blivit en mötesplats mellan konsumenter och varumärken. Konsumenter både interagerar och konsumerar på dessa kanaler idag vilket har gjort att många varumärken har handelsplatser kopplade till sociala kanaler. Engagemang är viktigt på sociala kanaler för att låta konsumenter interagera med varumärken som vidare leder till ett större varumärkesvärde. Färg och förpackningsdesign har länge varit faktorer som påverkar konsumenters köpbeteende i fysiska miljöer men i dag finns det gap i hur lyxvarumärken kan använda färg för att skapa engagemang på sociala kanaler. Studien syftar därför till att skapa förståelse för hur lyxvarumärken kan använda färg för att påverka konsumenters engagemang på sociala kanaler.Med utgångspunkt i teorier inom färglära, engagemang och konsumentbeteende syftar denna studie till att skapa förståelse för hur lyxvarumärken kan använda färg för att påverka konsumenters engagemang på sociala kanaler. Studien undersöker detta kvalitativt med hjälp av deltagande observationer och semistrukturerade intervjuer med 12 informanter. Med hjälp av en social-mediaprototyp undersöks det faktiska agerandet hos informanterna och genom intervjuer undersöks djupgående varför informanterna agerade som de gjorde.Resultaten visar att färgglad produktpaketering bidrar till högre interaktion än produktpaketering utan färg i produktinlägg på sociala kanaler. Studien kommer fram till att färg i produktinlägg på sociala kanaler engagerar mer än inlägg utan färg vilket beskriver att lyxvarumärken kan använda färg på olika sätt för att skapa mer engagerande produktinlägg på sociala kanaler. / The digitalization has transformed social channels into meeting places between consumers and brands. Today, consumers both interact and consume on these channels, leading many brands to establish commercial presence on social platforms. Engagement is crucial on social channels to enable consumers to interact with brands, thereby enhancing brand value. While color and packaging design have long influenced consumer purchasing behavior in physical environments, there is currently a gap in how luxury brands can utilize color to generate engagement on social channels. The study aims to create an understanding of how luxury brands can use color to influence consumer engagement on social channels.Drawing on theories of color theory, engagement, and consumer behavior, this study aims to understand how luxury brands can employ color to influence consumer engagement on social channels. The study adopts a qualitative approach, utilizing participant observations and semistructured interviews with 12 informants. By employing a social media prototype, the actual behavior of the informants is examined, while interviews delve into the underlying reasons for their actions.The findings indicate that colorful product packaging contributes to higher levels of interaction compared to packaging without color in product posts on social channels. The study concludes that color in product posts on social channels generates more engagement than posts without color, highlighting that luxury brands can employ color in various ways to create more engaging product posts on social platforms.

L'objectif de cette thèse est d'identifier les effets des coûts à l'échange sur la structure du commerce par qualité. Dans le premier chapitre, nous analysons empiriquement les déterminants des exportations de Cognac et nous nous focalisons sur l'impact des coûts à l'échange. Nous montrons que, comme pour d'autres produits de luxe, l'élasticité des exportations de Cognac à la distance est négative et relativement faible. Les droits de douane n'ont par ailleurs pas d'impact significatif sur la marge intensive, mais nous trouvons un impact négatif sur la marge extensive, une fois corrigé d'un biais d'endogénéité. Dans le deuxième chapitre, nous testons empiriquement la validité de l'effet Alchian-Allen qui stipule que les couts unitaires augmentent la demande relative des biens de haute qualité. Nous exploitons la dimension « qualité » de nos données sur les exportations de Cognac. La mesure de la qualité du Cognac est objective et ne varie pas dans le temps. Nos résultats montrent que la distance et les droits de douane spécifiques augmentent la part relative des exportations de Cognac de haute qualité. Nous examinons également l'impact de la conteneurisation sur la structure par qualité des exportations de Cognac entre 1967 et 2013. Dans le troisième chapitre, nous construisons un modèle théorique de duopole Nord-Sud en concurrence à la Bertrand sur les deux marchés. Nous étudions l'impact de plusieurs instruments (droit de douane, quota et standard de qualité) sur l'investissement en R&D de produit de la firme du Nord. Nous montrons que cet investissement augmente avec chaque instrument de politique commerciale à l'exception du quota d'importation.. / The objective of this dissertation is to identify the effects of trade costs on the quality structure of international trade flows. In chapter one we empirically analyze the determinants of Cognac export flows and emphasize the role of trade costs. We show that, as with other luxury products, the elasticity of Cognac exports to distance is negative and relatively small. Meanwhile, average customs duties do not have a significant impact on the intensive margin, but we find that they negatively affect the probability of trade, after correcting for an endogeneity bias. In chapter two we empirically test the validity of the Alchian and Allen effect that states that per-unit charges increase the relative demand of higher quality goods. We use data on Cognac exports by quality designations. The measure of Cognac quality is objective and invariant over time. Our results show that distance and specific duties increase the share of exports of higher quality Cognac. We also examine the impact of containerization on Cognac's quality mix from 1967 to 2013. In chapter three we build a theoretical model of a North-South duopoly where firms compete in prices on both markets. We use this framework to study the impact of several trade policy instruments (import tariff, quota and quality standard) on the product R&D investment of the Northern firm. Our results show that the Northern firm's R&D expenditures increase with each policy instrument except for the import quota.