No description available.

Make-to-order (MTO) systems have been traditionally popular in manufacturing industries that either seek to provide greater variety to their customers or make products that are unique to their customers. More recently, with shrinking product life cycles, there is an increasing interest in operating as MTO systems. With the tremendous success of revenue management techniques in the service industries over the last three decades, there is a growing interest in applying these techniques in MTO manufacturing industries. In the present work, we consider three problems that apply revenue management (RM) to on-date delivery MTO systems. In the first problem, we assume that all orders completed in advance of their due-dates are stored at third party warehouses and apply RM in computing efficient order acceptance and scheduling policies. We develop an optimal solution scheme, and based on the insights gained on the structural properties of the optimal solution, we develop a stochastic approximation scheme for finding efficient solutions. Through computational studies on simulated problems, we illustrate the potential of RM in improving net profits over popular practices. In our second problem, we extend the RM model to consider presence of a certain amount of first party warehousing capacity for storing the orders completed in advance of their due-dates. We study the conditions under which it is desirable to consider the holding cost aspects in the RM model. In our third problem, we develop a scheme for determining an efficient capacity of the first party warehouse that is used for storing the orders completed in advance of their due-dates at an on-date delivery MTO system. This scheme captures the completed orders storage demand resulting from a RM based order acceptance and scheduling policy. We illustrate that when booking horizon is large, considerable amount of savings in the holding costs can be made with an efficiently sized first party warehouse.

No description available.

Postponement is widely recognised as an approach that can lead to superior supply chains, and its application is widely observed as a growing trend in manufacturing. Form postponement (FPp) involves the delay of final manufacturing until a customer order is received and is commonly regarded as an approach to mass customisation. However, while much is written in the literature on the benefits and strategic impact of FPp, little is still known about its application. Thus this research project aims to address how FPp is applied in terms of the operational implications within the manufacturing facility. Here the ‘postponed’ manufacturing processes are performed in the factory where the preceding processes are carried out. An in-depth case study research design was developed and involved case studies at three manufacturing facilities, which provided diverse contexts in which to study FPp applications. Each case study incorporated multiple units of analysis which were based around product groups subject to different inventory management policies – FPp, make to order (MTO) and make to stock (MTS). The same research design was used in each study and involved both qualitative and quantitative evidence. Qualitative evidence was gathered via structured interviews and included the operational changes required to apply FPp in a previously MTO and MTS environment. Eleven quantitative variables, providing a broad based measurement instrument, were compared across the three units of analysis to test the hypotheses. This combination of qualitative and quantitative evidence in the case studies helped to triangulate the research findings. Comparison between the three case studies provided further conclusions regarding operational implications that were context specific and those which were not. The research concludes that the manufacturing planning system presents a major obstacle to the application of FPp in a MTO and MTS environment. In spite of this, and even when the FPp application is flawed, the benefits of FPp still justify its application. The research also contributes two frameworks: one which determines when FPp is a viable alternative to MTO or MTS; and another that illustrates the major operational implications of applying FPp to a product exhibiting component swapping modularity.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / The purpose of this paper is to provide a proposal of a production management model using lean manufacturing techniques to improve on-time deliveries of a metal-mechanic company that works in a make-to-order (MTO) manufacture of industrial fans environment. The proposal of the research refers to the implementation of a production management model in a metal mechanic company in Peru and analyze the effect in on-time delivery rate of the company. In one month of operation after the implementation of the pro-posed model, the on-time delivery rate of the company increased from 35% to 80%. Likewise, the problems present in the metalworking research company may be the same in many metalworking companies in the country, so the present investigation will serve as an example for the possible solution of the problems of other companies.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / The printing sector in Peru constantly faces the need to reduce production time because late deliveries to the customer owing to high manufacturing time are critical problems. Previous studies have proposed using the lean manufacturing philosophy to reduce idle times by improving the flow of information within the production processes in large manufacturing companies but not printing SMEs using these tools in a make-to-order environment. This document focuses on implementing an affordable lean manufacturing model in an SME company with a make-to-order environment to reduce its manufacturing times. Therefore, the Kanban, Single Minute Exchange of Dies (SMED), and value stream mapping (VSM) processes will be adapted for implementation in these companies. Then, the model is validated through its application in a case study; through process simulation, production times were reduced by 24% for an SME, delivering all orders on time, and eliminating 100% penalty costs for late orders.

Kandidatuppsats i logistik för Civilekonomprogrammet (15 hp) Linnéuniversitetet, 2FE25E, VT16 Författare: Erik Karlsson, Faton Leku & Jeppe Lindström Handledare: Hana Hulthén Examinator: Åsa Gustavsson Titel: Effektivisering av lager för produkter i arbete Bakgrund: Ett tillverkningsföretag har ofta flera varianter av lager som till exempel färdigvarulager, säkerhetslager och produkter i arbete-lager. Produkter i arbete brukar benämnas som PIA. PIA-lagrets utformning är en viktig del för hur flödet i en verksamhet ser ut och fungerar. Syfte: Syftet är att föreslå en förbättrad hantering av PIA-lager för att bidra till ökad effektivisering av internt materialflöde. Metodval: Studien utgår ifrån en kvalitativ fallstudie. Studien utgår ifrån observationer på fallföretaget samt semistrukturerade intervjuer. Slutsatser: Vi kan efter genomförd studie påvisa att det finns skillnader mellan vad som beskrivs i teorin och hur PIA-lagret på Proton Lighting faktiskt ser ut. Det som har påvisats i jämförelsen mellan dessa är att MTO-artikeln är den som prioriteras före MTS-artikeln. Det innebär att lagringskostnaderna för MTS-artiklar automatiskt blir högre då MTO-artiklarna alltid har företräde i produktionen. Det finns inte heller någon fast artikelplacering i PIA-lagren vilket gör att artikelkomponenterna kan placeras var som helst i PIA-lagren, vilket leder till en ökning av de interna transporterna. Nyckelord: Produkter i arbete, lager, lagerlayout, make-to-order, make-to-stock, artikelplacering / Bachelor thesis, Program of Master of Science in Business and Economics School of Business and Economics at Linnaeus University in Växjö 2FE25E, spring 2016 Authors: Erik Karlsson, Faton Leku and Jeppe Lindström Advisor: Hana Hulthén Examiner: Åsa Gustavsson Title: Improving the efficiency of work in process inventory Background: A manufacturing company often has varieties of inventories, for example inventory of finished products, safety stocks and work in process inventory. The shaping of the WIP inventory is very important for a business since the other activities linked to the WIP inventory are effected of the shaping of the WIP inventory. Purpose: The purpose is to suggest an improved utilization process of WIP inventory in order to support an efficiency of internal flow of materials. Methodology: The study applies a qualitative case study. The study is based on observations at the case company together with semi-structured interviews. Conclusions: After concluded study we can show that there are differences between what is described in the theory and how the actual WIP inventory is constructed at Proton Lighting. What has been shown in the comparison between the theory and the collected data is that the MTO-flow precede the MTS-flow. Automatically the MTS-article gets a higher inventory cost because of the preceding of the MTO-article. There is not a fixed placement for the articles in the WIP inventories which can result in that the articles are placed anywhere in the factories WIP inventories, which leads to an increase of the internal transports. Keywords: Work in process, inventory, inventory layout, make-to-order, make-to-stock, article placement

Este estudo de caso realizado em indústria de equipamentos industriais sob encomenda pretende abordar aspectos relacionados à tomada de decisões sobre seqüenciamento da produção no nível do chão-de-fábrica. Por meio de observações e entrevistas com os agentes das programações de entrada de ordens nos centros de trabalho procurar-se-á mostrar como a empresa estudada realiza o controle e programação da produção e mostrar o ambiente para a aplicação de uma proposta de gerenciamento de tempo de fila. Será também apresentada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as principais técnicas de gerenciamento de fluxo de materiais em processo nos diferentes sistemas de administração da produção. / This case study conducted in a make-to-order industry aims to address issues related to making decisions on the sequencing of the production level of the shop-floor. Through observations and interviews with officials of programming input orders at the job search will show how the company study the control and scheduling and show the environment for the implementation of a proposal for management of time queue. It will also be presented with a literature review on the main techniques for managing the flow of materials in the process of administration in the different systems of production.

Este estudo de caso realizado em indústria de equipamentos industriais sob encomenda pretende abordar aspectos relacionados à tomada de decisões sobre seqüenciamento da produção no nível do chão-de-fábrica. Por meio de observações e entrevistas com os agentes das programações de entrada de ordens nos centros de trabalho procurar-se-á mostrar como a empresa estudada realiza o controle e programação da produção e mostrar o ambiente para a aplicação de uma proposta de gerenciamento de tempo de fila. Será também apresentada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as principais técnicas de gerenciamento de fluxo de materiais em processo nos diferentes sistemas de administração da produção. / This case study conducted in a make-to-order industry aims to address issues related to making decisions on the sequencing of the production level of the shop-floor. Through observations and interviews with officials of programming input orders at the job search will show how the company study the control and scheduling and show the environment for the implementation of a proposal for management of time queue. It will also be presented with a literature review on the main techniques for managing the flow of materials in the process of administration in the different systems of production.

Hoy en día, las empresas de manufactura lidian con un entorno de producción dinámico, en los cuales el tiempo de entrega es el criterio fundamental para captar pedidos. Los sistemas de planificación y control de la producción (PPC) han venido jugado un papel crucial, sin embargo, en este nuevo contexto, los modelos más conocidos de PPC ya no satisfacen las necesidades de las organizaciones. Es así como este artículo propone un modelo de PPC basado en el sistema Demand-Driven MRP apoyado por las etapas del ciclo PDCA a fin de que se pueda desempeñar de manera óptima en entornos dinámicos como los modelos de fabricación make-to-order. Como resultado de la simulación en el caso de estudio se obtuvo el 100% de cumplimiento de entregas a tiempo y una reducción del lead time en 50.33%. Por tanto, se concluye que el modelo propuesto es aplicable y beneficioso en dicho contexto. / Nowadays, manufacturing companies deal with a dynamic production environment, in which delivery time is the fundamental criterion to get orders. Production planning and control (PPC) systems have played a crucial role, however, in this new context, the most popular PPC models no longer meet the needs of organizations. This is how this article proposes a PPC model based on the Demand-Driven MRP system supported by the stages of the PDCA cycle so that it can perform optimally in dynamic environments such as make-to-order manufacturing models. As a result of the simulation in the case study, 100% compliance with deliveries on time was obtained and a reduction in lead time by 50.33%. Therefore, it is concluded that the proposed model is applicable and beneficial in this context. / Trabajo de investigación