Thesis (MPhil (Information Science))--Stellenbosch University, 2008. / The functions of management and leadership are not new to the business fraternity. Whilst these functions are as pervasive and ubiquitous as the corporate organizations themselves, the same cannot be said of the organizational successes emanating from these functions. These functions have been cited throughout literature as pivotal in the successful running of businesses. By the same token, they have also been cited as the major causes of failed businesses within the corporate landscape. This has been established throughout small and big organizations alike. This unfortunate phenomenon has continued to attract significant academic and business research over the years with an overall intent of establishing why it is the case. Whilst there are varied reasons for the successes and failures of most organizations, the quality of both functions of leadership and management seem to take the larger portion of the praise and/or blame. These functions are regarded as key determinants of organizational success and survival into the future. Subsequently, this has culminated in myriad theories, frameworks and approaches around management and leadership as significantly different functions which yield different results in business organizations. At the core of the debate has been that management and leadership functions are different and depending on whether an organization is managed or led determines its future success and overall sustainability. It is therefore the intention of this study to comparatively analyze both functions of management and leadership in as far as they impact organizational sustainability and success. A case study of Jwaneng Diamond Mine in Botswana is used to do this comparative study of the two functions of management and leadership within the Executive team to try and affirm some of the key factors as alluded to within the business landscape. In this comparative study it is noted that whilst management and leadership are two different functions, they are however symbiotic in nature and successful organizations tap into both functions as they develop and build sustainable businesses for the future. The Jwaneng Mine case study showed that in an executive team, it is vital to have a balance between managers (those who provide management capabilities) and leaders (those that provide leadership) if the organization is to be successful going into the future.

Based on the rapid development of Big Data, the data from the online social network becomea major part of it. Big data make the social networks became data-oriented rather than social-oriented. Taking this into account, this dissertation presents a qualitative study to research howdoes the data-oriented social network affect its users’ privacy management for nowadays. Within this dissertation, an overview of Big Data and privacy issues on the social network waspresented as a background study. We adapted the communication privacy theory as a frameworkfor further analysis how individuals manage their privacy on social networks. We study socialnetworks as an entirety in this dissertation. We selected Facebook as a case study to present theconnection between social network, Big Data and privacy issues. The data that supported the result of this dissertation collected by the face-to-face and in-depthinterview study. As consequence, we found that the people divided the social networks intodifferent level of openness in order to avoid the privacy invasions and violations, according totheir privacy concern. They reduced and transferred their sharing from an open social networkto a more close one. However, the risk of privacy problems actually raised because peopleneglected to understand the data process on social networks. They focused on managed theeveryday sharing but too easily allowed other application accessed their personal data on thesocial network (such like the Facebook profile).

According to Terror Management Theory (TMT; Greenberg, Pyszczynski, & Solomon, 1986) a key function of cultural worldviews is facilitating people's belief that they are different from animals and therefore more than physical creatures fated to obliteration upon death. We sought to investigate the relationship between peoples’ perceived similarity to animals (PSA) and their investment in their ingroup cultural-worldviews, creativity and personal achievement, as ways of managing their awareness of death. We focused on four central hypotheses: (1) high faith in cultural worldviews should reduce PSA; (2) people who view themselves less similar to animals (low-PSA) should be more invested in their cultural worldview, especially after death primes; (3) people who view themselves as more similar to animals (high-PSA), should invest more in personal achievement and creativity as a terror management strategy and (4) be more prone to experience anxiety, particularly after a threat to their creativity. Supporting Hypotheses 1 and 2 we found that: validation of cultural worldviews reduces PSA (Study 1); low-PSA individuals cared more about their ingroup identity and worldviews and perceived other cultures as more different (Studies 2a-2b); after death primes low-PSA individuals defended their groups' cultural worldview more (Studies 3-4), and liked people from other cultures less (Studies 5-6). Hypothesis 3 was partially supported: PSA was positively correlated to importance of creativity, openness and performance on a creativity task (Studies 7, 9 and 10), but it was not correlated with self-reported or projected need for achievement (Studies 7 and 8), or with creative story writing (Studies 8). Hypothesis 4 was also partially supported: PSA was positively related to trait-anxiety (Study 9), and to levels of death thought accessibility (Study 10), and high-PSA individuals experienced more anxiety after receiving negative feedback about their creativity (Study 10). The implications these findings to the field of social psychology are discussed.

We propose making an empirical application of the temporal view of stakeholder management theory by applying it in the particular context of the Canadian wind industry. The temporal view builds on insights from the resource-based view (RBV), institutional theory, and stakeholder salience theory. We argue that both early stage competitive advantage and late stage sustained competitive advantage could be dependent on the use of salient stakeholders as a special network of resources. We contribute to the literature in various ways. First we determine an empirical list of five salient stakeholders specific to the wind industry. Second, we show that, at early stages, the moderating effects of firm size and market conditions determines stakeholder support or rejection. Lastly, we show that, at late stages, the sustainability equation must take into account the introduction of new salient stakeholders. Also, we make practical recommendations for industry players and policy makers. We reached theory refinement by adopting an exploratory qualitative methodology based on interviews with seven cases of large and small wind firms operating in different electricity market types and provinces across Canada.

This thesis deals with the application of the methodology LEAN and TOC to solve the problem of low capacity of fabric cutting machine. The aim of the thesis is to apply LEAN and TOC methodology to propose solutions for continuous improvement of cutting process. To solve the problem itself is used mainly principle of five focusing steps, which is based on the theory of constraints and which is described in the theoretical part of the thesis. The theoretical part also introduces some methods and tools of lean management, which are already in place in the company BOS Automotive Products CZ, s.r.o, also their specific applications are demonstrated. During research was identified a potential source of continuous improvement. This source are data that constantly sends cutter during operation. In conclusion are summarized results and suggestions for improvement based on the used principles and recommendations for further improvement.

The aim of thesis is implemention the chosen techniques of lean management in the company named European Trailer Systems Ltd. based on the identification of bottlenecks. The theoretical part provides basic definitions of bottleneck, Theory of Constraints, Lean management and selected methods of lean management. The practical part begins with the company's European Trailer Systems s.r.o characteristic while describe the current situation. Furthermore, the practical part will focus on the identification of bottlenecks that occur in company European Trailer Systems Ltd. in the production process of sliding roofs, will be followed by a proposal to eliminate found bottlenecks with using methods of lean management and possibly their implementation.

This study aims to investigate how parents are reasoning when it comes to sharing photos of their children on Instagram. The phenomenon, known as sharenting, has been questioned due to the morality problems that arise from the fact that children don't have the same opportunity to approve their exposure in social channels as an adult. The fact that parents make money off their Instagram account is another aspect that is included in the study, which is relevant because of a new law in France. This law regulates profitable content that includes children, in order to protect the children. The aim and purpose of the survey was therefore to gain a deeper understanding of what motivating factors that surround sharing pictures and information about your child on Instagram, and also investigate how parents are reasoning about moral issues. The theoretical framework for this study is uses and gratification theory and communication privacy management theory. Through interviews and a qualitative method of analysis, the results show that many motivating factors are affecting, but that the connection and communication created between parents online is one of the biggest driving forces. There is a significant variation in awareness of the moral issues, but it was possible to decipher a pattern regarding where the boundaries of integrity go. For example, naked content and conflicts are being held outside Instagram. Discussions are held about whether this could be linked to a media morality where societal norms control what is considered accepted to share or not.

Following the 9/11 terror attacks, many Americans experienced some form of habit or mood-altering stress though, most had received their impressions of the violence via distributed media reporting rather than firsthand exposure. Researchers have found that the propagating effects of media broadcasting can exasperate the effects of terror. However, little is known of how reports of terror violence affect group dynamics in geographically distant nations. The purpose of this study, following terror management theory, was to understand if terrorist violence influences cognitive and implicit racial evaluations in a culturally similar, but geographically distant, population. The study's design was a quantitative natural experiment. Time of completing the assessment, either before or after the 2015 Paris Bataclan terror attack, comprised the 2-level independent variable; the dependent variables were the Race Implicit Association Test (IAT) and a cognitive evaluation of racial anxiety. Age and religiosity served as covariates. The target population included White citizen residents of the United States over the age of 18; 263 participants were derived from archival data. Comparisons of raw IAT scores showed an 8% increase in negative implicit racial evaluations following the attack; however, the MANCOVA failed to achieve multivariate significance (p > .05). Despite the lack of statistical significance, important details on implicit racial attitudes were uncovered. Results of this study have the potential to foster positive social change by informing individuals on how their implicit associations might be affected following exposure to reports of terrorist violence. Additionally, these findings may guide national security and intelligence professional's development of post-attack response measures and task forces.

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