The purpose of the study was to examine parents’ perspectives and thoughts regarding posting images of their children on social media, a phenomenon known as sharenting. This phenomenon presents the growing number of technological concerns for social work practice and research. The study sought to explore ideas of children’s rights to privacy, consent, and integrity in relationship to sharenting. The study applied a qualitative method in the form of semi-structured interviews in order to gather empirical data. The data consisted of eight parents with children between the ages of 0 to 13 years who were recruited from a parenting group on Facebook and all self-reported as frequent users of social media. The results of the study showed that parents are very split in their views of sharenting; some see it as problematic while others see it as a possibility to share information to friends and family and coping with being a parent. The result also shows that parents believe that more information regarding consent for both children and parents from the society is needed. A conclusion made from the authors is that the field of social work must prepare for possible future problems as a result of sharenting.

A picture tells more than a thousand words. When our parents grew up they had a camera with a film roll that they elicited to put in a frame on our walls with a purpose to show to friends and families that visited our home. Kids of today are on social media in front of hundreds of spectators before they are even born. Vloggers’ display of private lives in public is something that many parents do around the world today. It's a competition about the followers and the more you expose yourself and the more privacy you show, the more followers you get. Many people and above all families live on their YouTubechannel and do it as a fulltime job which puts pressure on them to always deliver something interesting to keep their followers intact.  Our purpose with this study is to find out if parents consider before they publish their kids on YouTube. We want to find out how different families in different situations handle kids' right to a private life and in which contexts they represent their kids. To be able to answer our purpose we used a netnographic observation on YouTube. The theoretical frameworks that we used are Goffman's dramaturgical perspective and Hall´s theory about representation and encoding/decoding. We also lean on Baudrillard and his theory about the consumer society to put our analysis in a bigger framework. The results that we found are that in some of the families in our study, the line between privacy and publicity are being erased as the media culture is penetrating private lives. In some situations you can clearly see that the kids, by their bodylanguage, tell that they want to be in their own private sphere and not in the spotlight.

Problemformulering och syfte:Sociala medier har blivit en stor del i människors vardag och påverkar människors beteende gentemot varandra samt hur vi väljer att kommunicera. Föräldrarna visar upp stora delar av barnens uppväxt på sociala medier, problemet blir dock att barnen själva inte kan bestämma vad som publiceras. Studiens syfte är att undersöka sociala medieanvändares uppfattning och åsikter kring barns medverkan på sociala medier. Studien syftar till att få en djupare förståelse för hur olika grupper inom sociala medier förhåller sig till området, samt studera vilka aspekter som är relevanta för ett ansvarsfullt användande av sociala medier i samband med publicering av barn. Metod och material: För att genomföra studien valdes fokusgrupper som metod. Det utformades 3 st fokusgrupper  med 4 personer i varje grupp. Samtliga deltagare i grupperna är sociala medieanvändare, detta eftersom studien undersöker barns medverkan på sociala medier utifrån användares uppfattningar och åsikter. Utifrån studiens syfte, frågeställningar och teorier kunde intervjufrågor utformas, och stimulusmaterial visades för att stimulera samtal. Intervjumaterialet genomgick en transkribering fö att underlätta arbetet med analys och diskussionsdel.  Huvudresultat: Studiens resultat visar att diskussionen kring publicering av barn på sociala medier är komplex och kräver vidare forskning. Utifrån deltagarnas perspektiv används barn i sociala medier i syfte att kommunicera till specifika målgrupper. Barns medverkan på sociala medier kan uppfylla behovet avi genkänning och självrepresentation enligt användarna. Regler och riktlinjer ansågs viktiga för ansvarsfull publicering av barn, och individens egna etiska ansvar betonas som avgörande.

Syftet med denna studie är att bidra med kunskap kring barns medvetenhet samt uppfattning kring exponering och inflytande på Instagram. Studiens mål är att undersöka hur barn uppfattar exponering på Instagram där motivet är dom själva. Vi har utgått från plattformen Instagram och riktat in oss på en målgrupp i åldrarna 10–12 år. Ur ett medieetiskt samt barnrättsperspektiv undersöker vi exponering, påverkan samt medieetiska dilemman och hur kan vi förstå detta ur ett barnrätts- och medieetiskt perspektiv? Vi har utfört tre intervjuer som vi har analyserat utifrån forskningsfrågorna. De slutsatser som denna studie landar i är att det är viktigt för barn hur de framställs på Instagram, det finns också en medvetenhet hos barn kring deras rättigheter när det gäller bildpublicering.

Yes / The coming together of parenting and routine posting on social networking sites has become a visible and recognisable theme and the term ‘sharenting’ has found a place in everyday talk to describe some forms of parental digital sharing practices. However, while social media has undoubtedly provided a space for parents to share experiences and receive support around parenting, sharenting remains a contestable issue. Thus, one reading of sharenting would be as a display of good parenting as mothers ‘show off’ their children as a marker of success. However, the term also can be used pejoratively to describe parental oversharing of child-focused images and content. In this paper we explore the practice of sharenting in terms of pride, affect, and the politics of digital mothering in a neoliberal context to conclude that sharenting can be best understood as a complex affective and intersectional accomplishment that produces motherhood and family as communicative activities within digital social practices.

Barn idag har växt upp med sociala medier, där många är aktiva deltagare på föräldrarnas kanaler. Den här studien fokuserar på hur barn upplever att föräldrar delar och publicerar bilder av dem på sociala medier, främst Instagram. Syftet med studien är därför att förstå att det är individer bakom varje bild, individer som räknas som användare trots att de är under 13 år gamla. Studien är baserad på tidigare forskning inom området, en fokusgrupp mer likt en kreativ workshop med barn i elvaårsåldern samt djupintervjuer med föräldrar för att utforska maskineriet bakom fenomenet. Studien visar att barn har starka åsikter kring vad som karaktäriserar en bild av dem själva samt uttrycker de vilka bilder som de anser vara acceptabla att publicera. Jämsides visar studien även att föräldrar är medvetna om problematiken dock erfaras en saknad av tydliga ramverk för hur användningen bör gå till. Det är väsentligt att poängtera att det är föräldrarna som har den inhysta rätten att ta beslut rörande deras barn, dock synliggör studien att barnens perspektiv samt åsikter bör vara primära i denna typ av bestämmanden. Barnen i studien har även en önskan om att kunna påverka dessa beslut som väldefinierade användare. / Children today are growing up with social media, where many are active participants on their parents’ channels. This study focus on how children experience the fact that their parents share and publish pictures featuring them on social media, primarily Instagram. The purpose of this study is therefore to understand that there are individuals behind each picture, individuals to be considered as users even though they are under the age of 13. The study is based on previous research within the field, a focus group more like a creative workshop containing children in the age of 11 and in- depth interviews with parents to explore the machinery behind the phenomenon. This study shows that children have strong opinions about what characterizes an image of themselves and expresses which type of images they consider acceptable to publish. At the same time, the study also shows that parents are aware of the problem, but a lack of clear frameworks for how the use should operate. It is essential to point out that it is the parents who have the right to make decisions regarding their children, but this study shows that the children’s perspective and opinions should be primary in these types of decisions. The children in the study also have a desire to be able to influence these decisions as well-defined users.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka föräldrars delande om sina barn på sociala medier (sharenting) och om det finns ett samband med oro för integritet på nätet och hänsyn till barnets känslor och åsikt om delande. Bekvämlighetsurvalet bestod av 78 föräldrar med minst ett barn under 18 år. Data samlades in genom en webbenkät som publicerades på ett flertal olika forum online där föräldrar fick besvara frågor om delande om sitt barn på sociala medier, oro för integritet på nätet och hänsyn till barnets känslor och åsikt om delande. Studiens resultat påvisade att det inte fanns samband mellan sharenting och oro för integritet på nätet eller hänsyn till barnets känslor och åsikt om delande. Frekvensen av föräldrarnas allmänna delande på sociala medier hade ett signifikant samband med sharenting och barnets ålder påverkade vissa aspekter av sharenting. I diskussionen togs möjliga förklaringar till resultaten upp. / The aim of this study was to investigate the phenomenon of parents sharing photos and information about their children on social media (sharenting), and its relation to privacy concerns online and parents’ regard to childrens’ feelings and opinions about what is shared. The convenience sample consisted of 78 parents with at least one child under 18 years of age. Data was collected through an online survey which was published on several different online forums, in which parents received questions about sharenting, privacy concerns online and their regard to childrens’ feelings and opinions about what is shared. The results of this study showed no correlation between sharenting and privacy concerns online or parent’s regards to childrens’ feelings and opinions about what is shared. On the other hand, the results showed that the parents' general habit of posting on social media was significantly correlated to sharenting, and that childrens’ age influenced some aspects of sharenting. The discussion contains possible explanations to the results.

The use of social media by parents posting on their profiles content that concerns their own children has increased the representation of children in the digital environment, especially on Instagram. However, when it comes to children, it is a sensitive and ethically problematic issue, and their publication can be creating potential problem. Not only regular users, but also influencers are active when it comes to publishing their own children, as they have thousands of followers and their activity on social media represents work or at least a substantial source of income. However, individual influencers may differ in their approach, whether in frequency of showing off children or (not)accepting collaborations on children's products. The objective of the thesis was to find out how Czech influencers approach public sharing of children on the social network Instagram. Within the research part, individual interviews were conducted, and the subsequent analysis showed that Czech influencers have individually set boundaries that affect the final form of the published content. They also turned out to be approached for commercial collaborations, but the way they approach these offers differs. On one hand, there are those who try to minimize the number of accepted collaborations, but on the other hand, some...

Sharenting has become closely intertwined with common parenting practices. The term is produced from sharing and parenting and it refers to personal information of children published by the child's guardian on social media. The security of children's online privacy is threatened, not only by third parties but also by their parents’ social media disclosures. This research studies the phenomenon sharenting from a perspective of informatics, focusing on parents' behaviors online. The aim is to further understand how Swedish parents use Photo Sharing Networking Services (PSNS) to perform sharenting, what consequences they are aware of and what measures they take to protect the safety and privacy of their children online. Using qualitative semistructured interviews to find deep, empirical data and comparing it to a theoretical framework using a thematic analysis, this study contributes with an understanding of Swedish parents' reasoning, as well as their attitudes regarding the subject. In total eight interviews have been conducted and the result shows that parents share content of their children online with the intention to connect with others, collect memories and enhance their self-presentation. The considered consequences of sharenting found among parents are the danger of third-parties, and the risk of creating an inaccurate identity of their child. To protect their children online, parents use privacy settings and limit the content, but also ask for the child’s consent before sharing. The results show that Swedish parents are aware of consequences and measures that can be used to protect the privacy of their children, but do not always consider them when sharenting. The contributions of this research consist of support for the development of future privacy guidelines and raising awareness on the topic.

This study aims to investigate how parents are reasoning when it comes to sharing photos of their children on Instagram. The phenomenon, known as sharenting, has been questioned due to the morality problems that arise from the fact that children don't have the same opportunity to approve their exposure in social channels as an adult. The fact that parents make money off their Instagram account is another aspect that is included in the study, which is relevant because of a new law in France. This law regulates profitable content that includes children, in order to protect the children. The aim and purpose of the survey was therefore to gain a deeper understanding of what motivating factors that surround sharing pictures and information about your child on Instagram, and also investigate how parents are reasoning about moral issues. The theoretical framework for this study is uses and gratification theory and communication privacy management theory. Through interviews and a qualitative method of analysis, the results show that many motivating factors are affecting, but that the connection and communication created between parents online is one of the biggest driving forces. There is a significant variation in awareness of the moral issues, but it was possible to decipher a pattern regarding where the boundaries of integrity go. For example, naked content and conflicts are being held outside Instagram. Discussions are held about whether this could be linked to a media morality where societal norms control what is considered accepted to share or not.