En god säkerhetskultur är avgörande för att flygunderhållsfunktionerna i Försvarsmakten ska kunna leverera luftvärdiga flygfarkoster. Personalbrist råder i flygunderhållsfunktionerna och därför undersöks om och hur personalbristen inverkar på säkerhetskulturen. I arbetet undersöks flygunderhållsfunktionen på en skvadron inom Helikopterflottiljen. På grund av att Försvarsmakten ålägger ansvaret för säkerhetskulturen på chefer i organisationen samt att forskning på ämnet pekar på att ledarskapet är den största inverkande faktorn på säkerhetskultur så undersöktes ämnet utifrån ett ledarskapsperspektiv. Fyra chefer från flygunderhållet på Helikopterflottiljen intervjuades om faktorer som påverkar säkerhetskulturen och om personalbristen i deras organisation. Slutsatserna i arbetet är att personalbristen bland chefer leder till att chefer inte har tillräckligt med tid för att planera arbetsuppgifter och svårigheter med att visa närvaro i hangarerna. En medvetenhet om personalbristen i organisationen leder till att chefer engagerar sig mycket i personalens välmående. Personalbristen bland tekniker leder till, i kombination med två andra faktorer, att rapporteringskulturen försämrats. / Safety culture is a critical factor within aircraft maintenance organizations for delivering air-worthy aircrafts for the Swedish Armed Forces. There is a problem with insufficient manpower within the aircraft maintenance organizations, and therefore this paper aims to examine the implications this might have on safety culture. An aircraft maintenance function within the Armed Forces Helicopter wing was studied. The Swedish Armed Forces regulations inflict the responsibility for safety culture upon commanding officers. And this together with the research on the subject safety culture that says that it is leadership that inflicts on safety culture the most, dictates this paper to examine the subject from a leadership point of view. Four officers from the aircraft maintenance function was interviewed about leadership factor that inflicts with safety culture and the insufficient manpower problems. This paper concludes that commanding officers have problem finding time for planning for the workforce and making frequent tours in the hangars. Due to awareness of the problems with insufficient manpower commanding officers pay extra attention to the workforce’s wellbeing. Due to lack of manpower within the workforce, together with two other factors, the reporting culture has declined.

Orientador: Joyce Mary Adam / Resumo: Esta tese analisa a participação do empresariado na definição das políticas educacionais no Brasil e a relação com o discurso da qualidade. Mais especificamente, as reflexões e análises incidem sobre a mobilização dos Organismos Internacionais e do projeto de educação proposto pelo “Todos Pela Educação” (TPE) no domínio da educação e a respectiva relação com o discurso da qualidade educacional e a participação empresarial nesse contexto. Para compreender melhor a realidade que compõe o fenômeno educativo no âmbito das formulações e práticas de empresários, utilizou-se como opção metodológica a pesquisa bibliográfica e a análise documental para a sua consecução. Entre os principais resultados obtidos a partir das interpretações e reflexões dos documentos da UNESCO, OCDE, Banco Mundial e TPE, vale ressaltar que foi possível identificar a forte presença e influência da agenda empresarial nos rumos das políticas educacionais por meio do discurso da qualidade. Nessa dinâmica, nota-se que as práticas conservadoras vêm se apossando do campo educacional, demarcando um agravamento das tendências de mercantilização da educação, bem como o percurso robusto da agenda empresarial que, por vezes, é considerado como um processo necessário e como uma opção única para melhorar a qualidade da educação brasileira, entretanto, trata-se de propostas que refletem com maior ênfase as predileções e conveniências dos grupos empresariais. O estudo aponta uma ênfase em propostas que privilegiam um ensi... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This thesis analyzes the participat ion of entrepreneurs in the definition of educational policies in Brazil and the relationship with the discourse of quality. More specifically, the reflections and analyzes focus on the mobilization of International Organizations and the education project proposed by the "Todos pela Educação" ( ("All for Education") in the field of education and its relationship with the discourse of educational quality and business participation in this context. To better understand the reality that composes the educational phenomenon within the scope of the formulations and practices of entrepreneurs, the methodological option was the bibliographic research and the documentary analysis for its attainment. Among the main results obtained from the interpretations and reflectio ns of the documents of UNESCO, OECD, World Bank and “All for Education", it is worth mentioning that it was possible to identify the strong presence and influence of the business agenda in the directions of educational policies through the discourse of qua lity. In this dynamic, it is noted that conservative practices have been taking over the educational field, marking a worsening of the commodification trends of education, as well as the robust path of the business agenda, which is sometimes considered a n ecessary process and as an option the only way to improve the quality of Brazilian education, however, these are proposals that more strongly reflect the predilections and conveni... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Esta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo o migrante mineiro vendedor de mandioca em carrinho-de-mão porta a porta nas ruas da metrópole paulista. O objetivo do trabalho foi desvendar o conteúdo da forma da inserção desse trabalhador migrante mineiro na metrópole paulista. A investigação foi se delineando em torno dos migrantes mineiros que apresentam uma especificidade na forma de organização da venda de mandioca porta a porta que despertou nosso interesse.Os vendedores de mandioca se organizam por alojamento de parentes como forma de arregimentar turma para venda de mandioca porta a porta. Baseado no estudo empírico, de tipo qualitativo conduzimos a pesquisa, em três alojamentos na metrópole paulista. A forma de inserção desses migrantes na metrópole está balizada nas mudanças nas condições gerais do mercado de trabalho e na forma de procurar trabalho na metrópole paulista a partir dos anos de 1990. Neste período se acentua o encolhimento do número de postos de trabalho, a deterioração nas condições gerais do mercado de trabalho, a ampliação do trabalho precário, informal. Desaparecem as filas nas portas das fábricas e aumentam os postos de serviço de intermediação de mão-de-obra para recolocar trabalhadores no mercado de trabalho. No caso dos vendedores de mandioca as redes sociais se conformam como redes de parentesco que se articulam na metrópole e constituem o mercado de intermediação de mão-de-obra caipira para trabalhar na Metrópole paulista. Estes vendedores de mandioca subvertem a ordem e inserem qualificações caipiras na ordem do trabalho metropolitano. / This study has as object the migrant from Minas Gerais that works as door-to-door seller of cassava in cart-hand in the streets of the metropolis of São Paulo and aims to unveil how the migrant worker is integrated in this city. The analysis prioritizes the migrant who presents a specific form of organization in the door-to-door sale of cassava. The sellers of cassava are organized by relative lodging as a way to form a team for door-to-door cassava sale. The research was based on a qualitative empirical study conducted in three lodging in the metropolis. The economic integration of these migrants in the metropolis has occurred from the 1990s, during a period of changes in the general labor market conditions in the metropolis of São Paulo. This period is marked by the shrinking number of jobs, the deterioration in general labor market conditions, the expansion of informal and precarious work. The queues on the doors of the factories disappear and the brokering service to repositioning the workers into the labor market increases. In the case of cassava sellers the social networks conform as kinship networks that fit in the metropolis and constitute an intermediation market of rural migrant manpower to work in São Paulos Metropolis. These cassava sellers subvert the order and enter rural qualifications in the order of the metropolitan labor.

O uso de medicamentos atualmente vem sendo considerado como fator de risco para saúde, pois são empregados com freqüência de forma inadequada acarretando conseqüências indesejáveis aos usuários. Diante disso, atualmente, o foco dos sistemas de saúde e órgãos reguladores tem sido promover o uso racional dos medicamentos e garantir a segurança no consumo. Nesse contexto, o agente comunitário de saúde (ACS) tem na sua rotineira visita domiciliar um espaço importante a ser explorado para orientação sobre o uso correto da farmacoterapia. Desse modo, o objetivo desse estudo foi analisar as atividades e os conhecimentos dos ACS referentes à orientação da comunidade sobre o uso correto e racional de medicamentos. Foi realizado um estudo do tipo survey exploratório junto a 95 ACS atuantes no Distrito de Saúde Oeste de Ribeirão Preto-SP no período de novembro de 2007 a fevereiro de 2008. A coleta de dados envolveu a aplicação do instrumento de coleta de dados aos 95 ACS para caracterização da população e avaliação dos conhecimentos sobre a farmacoterapia. Além disso, foram feitas observações diretas não-participantes das visitas domiciliares realizados por 8 ACS. A análise dos resultados revelou que a média de idade dos ACS foi de 37,9 ± 8,3 anos, 96,8% deles são do gênero feminino, 71,6% possuem ensino médio completo, 76,8% não participaram de curso de capacitação sobre farmacoterapia e 83,2% utilizam as bulas dos medicamentos como fonte de informação. A maioria dos ACS informaram que os idosos (80,0%) são os usuários que com mais frequência solicitam informação sobre a terapia medicamentosa. O uso de medicamentos em horário inadequado, automedicação e não adesão ao tratamentos foram citadas, respectivamente, por 64, 63 e 55 ACS como as situações de risco já identificadas por eles durante as visitas domiciliares. A média de acertos dos ACS no instrumento de avaliação dos conhecimentos sobre uso correto de medicamentos foi de 8,2 ± 1,3 e não houve associação estatisticamente significante (p>0.05) entre o índice de acerto e participação em cursos de capacitação sobre medicamentos, grau de escolaridade, idade e tempo de trabalho na função de ACS. As principais atividades desenvolvidas pelos ACS nas 91 visitas domiciliares observadas foram relacionadas à verificação e/ou orientação sobre o medicamento ou sobre a utilização de serviços de saúde. Entre as atividades de verificação e/ ou orientação sobre a farmacoterapia houve destaque para as ações relacionadas ao levantamento/ avaliação do perfil de utilização dos medicamentos. Conclui-se que é preciso desenvolver competências nos ACS por meio de programas de educação permanente que promovam uma transformação nas práticas desses profissionais para que atuem, juntamente com a equipe de saúde da família, na promoção do uso racional de medicamentos. / Medicine use is nowadays considered as a risk factor for health, for they are often used in a wrong way, which has bad consequences to users. So that, the current focus of Health Systems and management organs has been to promote a rational use of medicines, in order to ensure safety for consumption. In this context, the Health Community Agent (HCA) has an important field to be exploited in his routine of home visiting in order to guide the pharmacotherapy correct use. So that, the aim of this study was to analyze HCA activities and knowledge concerning to guiding population to use medicines in a proper and rational way. It was done a survey exploratory study with 95 HCA who worked in West Health District of Ribeirão Preto- SP from November, 2007 to February, 2008. Data collect involved the application of questionnaires to 95 HCA in order to characterize the population and to evaluate his knowledge on pharmacotherapy. Direct Non Participant observations were made during home visiting done by 8 HCA. The analysis showed that the middle age of the HCA was 37,9 ± 8,3 years old. From them, 98% are women; 71.6% have studied till the secondary course; 76;8 did not participate of Pharmacotherapy Courses and 83,2% use the medicine leaflets as information sources. Most of the HCA informed that old patients (80%) are the most frequent users who ask for information on medicine therapy. Medicine use in inadequate time, self medication and not adhesion to treatment were pointed, respectively, by 64, 63 and 55 HCA as risk situations identified by them during their home visits. The average of HCA hits in the questionnaire was of 8,2 ± 1,3 and there was no association statically significant (p>0.05) between the rate of hits and participation in pharmacotherapy capacitating courses, level of schooling, age and time of work as HCA. The main activities developed by the HCA during their home visits were related to the verification and/or guiding on medicines or on health services utilization. Among the verifying activities and/or guiding on pharmacotherapy, there was emphasis on actions related to the profile of medicine using. The main conclusion is that there is a demand to developing competences in HCA, by means of Permanent Capacity Programs that can promote a change in the practice of these professionals, in order they work together the Family Health team, to improve the rational use of medicines.

O gerenciamento de recursos humanos é um aspecto de alta relevância em torno das discussões de gestão. Contudo, na atenção básica à saúde, identificam-se poucos estudos que abordam os instrumentos utilizados no planejamento quantitativo e qualitativo dos trabalhadores de enfermagem. Consequentemente, o lanejamento acontece muitas vezes de forma empírica, fundamentado apenas na prática cotidiana, o que gera um destoamento entre a quantidade e o modo da distribuição dos trabalhadores em relação à real necessidade das unidades de saúde. Assim, ao considerar o enfermeiro no papel de coordenador de uma equipe, o apoderamento de instrumentos que possibilitem um planejamento adequado para atender às necessidades de saúde da comunidade é essencial. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar as intervenções de enfermagem na atenção básica à saúde, como variável do dimensionamento dos trabalhadores de enfermagem. O método utilizado foi descritivo, exploratório, com abordagem quantitativa. As atividades de enfermagem foram levantadas por meio de revisão bibliográfica (1999 a 2009), observação direta em campo e registro nos prontuários dos usuários. O campo foi uma Unidade Básica de Saúde, na cidade de São Paulo, considerada como de boas práticas de enfermagem. As atividades identificadas foram classificadas em intervenções de enfermagem, segundo a taxonomia proposta pela Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), utilizando a técnica de mapeamento cruzado e validadas (validação de rosto) em oficinas de trabalho com trabalhadores de enfermagem do campo em estudo. As intervenções foram agrupadas em um instrumento utilizado no pré-teste para amostragem do trabalho. As atividades levantadas somaram o total de 235; após o processo de revisão, foram reagrupadas em 171 atividades, das quais 154 foram mapeadas e validadas em sete domínios, 15 classes e 46 intervenções, totalizando 169 atividades. A atividade acolhimento não apresentou correspondência à NIC, portanto, foi proposta como uma nova intervenção. Identificou-se que a equipe de enfermagem na atenção básica à saúde absorve a maior parte do tempo de trabalho com intervenções do domínio Sistema de Saúde, como: Gerenciamento de CASO/Visita Domiciliar e DOCUMENTAÇÃO. Além disso, despendem o tempo de trabalho em intervenções diretas (44%), intervenções indiretas (20%), atividades pessoais (27%) e atividades associadas (9%). O pré-teste mostrou que o instrumento proposto para amostragem do trabalho engloba as intervenções diárias desenvolvidas na atenção básica, além de ser o único que conseguiu apreender as ações dirigidas ao território, usuário e/ ou família. Desse modo, sugere-se a aplicação deste instrumento na identificação da carga de trabalho na atenção básica á saúde. / The management of human resources has a high relevance of the discussions around management issues. However, in primary health care few studies were identified showing the tools used to calculate the quantitative and qualitative nursing personnel. Therefore it still takes place empirically, based on everyday practice, creating disharmony between the quantity and distribution of workers in relation to the real needs of health units. Thus, when considering the nurse coordinator of a team, the ownership of instruments that allows an appropriate planning to take care of the health needs of the community is essential. This research aimed to identify the nursing interventions in primary health care as a parameter of nursing personnel downsizing. The method used was descriptive, exploratory, with qualitative approach. The nursing activities were identified by literature review (1999 to 2009), direct observation and primary chart records of patients. The field collection was a Public Health Unit in São Paulo, considered to have good nursing practice. The activities identified were classified in nursing interventions, according to the taxonomy proposed by the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) using the mapping technique and cross-validated (face validation) in workshops with nursing team members of the study field. The interventions were grouped in an instrument used in the pre-test to work sampling. The activities detected had a total of 235, after review process were grouped in 171 activities, from which 154 were mapped and validated in seven areas, 15 classes, and 46 interventions, that totalizes 169 activities. The activity \"host\" did not have correlative at NIC, therefore, was proposed as a new intervention. It was identified that the nursing staff in primary health care absorbs most of the working time doing interventions of the Health System domain, like: management of CASE / home visits and DOCUMENTATION. Also, they spending working time on direct interventions (44%), indirect interventions (20%), personal activities (27%), and associated activities (9%). The pre-test showed that the proposed instrument for the work sampling included the daily interventions developed in primary care, besides, that was the only one that could add the actions related to territory, patient and/or family. Thus, the study suggests the application of this instrument to identify the workload in primary health care.

O gerenciamento de recursos humanos é um aspecto de alta relevância em torno das discussões de gestão. Contudo, na atenção básica à saúde, identificam-se poucos estudos que abordam os instrumentos utilizados no planejamento quantitativo e qualitativo dos trabalhadores de enfermagem. Consequentemente, o lanejamento acontece muitas vezes de forma empírica, fundamentado apenas na prática cotidiana, o que gera um destoamento entre a quantidade e o modo da distribuição dos trabalhadores em relação à real necessidade das unidades de saúde. Assim, ao considerar o enfermeiro no papel de coordenador de uma equipe, o apoderamento de instrumentos que possibilitem um planejamento adequado para atender às necessidades de saúde da comunidade é essencial. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar as intervenções de enfermagem na atenção básica à saúde, como variável do dimensionamento dos trabalhadores de enfermagem. O método utilizado foi descritivo, exploratório, com abordagem quantitativa. As atividades de enfermagem foram levantadas por meio de revisão bibliográfica (1999 a 2009), observação direta em campo e registro nos prontuários dos usuários. O campo foi uma Unidade Básica de Saúde, na cidade de São Paulo, considerada como de boas práticas de enfermagem. As atividades identificadas foram classificadas em intervenções de enfermagem, segundo a taxonomia proposta pela Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), utilizando a técnica de mapeamento cruzado e validadas (validação de rosto) em oficinas de trabalho com trabalhadores de enfermagem do campo em estudo. As intervenções foram agrupadas em um instrumento utilizado no pré-teste para amostragem do trabalho. As atividades levantadas somaram o total de 235; após o processo de revisão, foram reagrupadas em 171 atividades, das quais 154 foram mapeadas e validadas em sete domínios, 15 classes e 46 intervenções, totalizando 169 atividades. A atividade acolhimento não apresentou correspondência à NIC, portanto, foi proposta como uma nova intervenção. Identificou-se que a equipe de enfermagem na atenção básica à saúde absorve a maior parte do tempo de trabalho com intervenções do domínio Sistema de Saúde, como: Gerenciamento de CASO/Visita Domiciliar e DOCUMENTAÇÃO. Além disso, despendem o tempo de trabalho em intervenções diretas (44%), intervenções indiretas (20%), atividades pessoais (27%) e atividades associadas (9%). O pré-teste mostrou que o instrumento proposto para amostragem do trabalho engloba as intervenções diárias desenvolvidas na atenção básica, além de ser o único que conseguiu apreender as ações dirigidas ao território, usuário e/ ou família. Desse modo, sugere-se a aplicação deste instrumento na identificação da carga de trabalho na atenção básica á saúde. / The management of human resources has a high relevance of the discussions around management issues. However, in primary health care few studies were identified showing the tools used to calculate the quantitative and qualitative nursing personnel. Therefore it still takes place empirically, based on everyday practice, creating disharmony between the quantity and distribution of workers in relation to the real needs of health units. Thus, when considering the nurse coordinator of a team, the ownership of instruments that allows an appropriate planning to take care of the health needs of the community is essential. This research aimed to identify the nursing interventions in primary health care as a parameter of nursing personnel downsizing. The method used was descriptive, exploratory, with qualitative approach. The nursing activities were identified by literature review (1999 to 2009), direct observation and primary chart records of patients. The field collection was a Public Health Unit in São Paulo, considered to have good nursing practice. The activities identified were classified in nursing interventions, according to the taxonomy proposed by the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) using the mapping technique and cross-validated (face validation) in workshops with nursing team members of the study field. The interventions were grouped in an instrument used in the pre-test to work sampling. The activities detected had a total of 235, after review process were grouped in 171 activities, from which 154 were mapped and validated in seven areas, 15 classes, and 46 interventions, that totalizes 169 activities. The activity \"host\" did not have correlative at NIC, therefore, was proposed as a new intervention. It was identified that the nursing staff in primary health care absorbs most of the working time doing interventions of the Health System domain, like: management of CASE / home visits and DOCUMENTATION. Also, they spending working time on direct interventions (44%), indirect interventions (20%), personal activities (27%), and associated activities (9%). The pre-test showed that the proposed instrument for the work sampling included the daily interventions developed in primary care, besides, that was the only one that could add the actions related to territory, patient and/or family. Thus, the study suggests the application of this instrument to identify the workload in primary health care.

Thesis (M. A. (Administration)) -- University of the North, 1982 / Refer to the document

Thesis (MPA.) -- University of Limpopo, 2002 / Refer to document

This thesis is an exploratory study of the effects of two job training programs for the poor in Portland, Oregon. It seeks to illustrate that training programs are designed around certain theoretical conceptions or models of poverty and that these theoretical conceptions ultimately have a strong effect on the enrollees in programs designed on the given theoretical model. Two general theoretical models have been extracted from the literature. The first is the "Culture of Poverty" model and the second may be called the "Closed Opportunity Structure" model. The culture of poverty model posits that the poor are unable to escape poverty because of certain cultural aspects of their conditions which inhibit them from taking advantage of increased opportunities when they are offered them. Some of the major aspects of the culture of poverty are: (1) The poor do not share the values of the dominant culture, e.g., that hard work brings rewards, and deferring immediate gratification also produces future rewards; (2) The poor do not participate fully in the major institutions of the society; (3) The inability to take advantage of increased opportunities is learned through the parents; and (4) This inability tends to perpetuate the culture of poverty. The closed opportunity model, on the other hand, posits that the poor do indeed share the values of the dominant culture but that they have been denied the opportunity to realize these values, i.e., the poor do not defer gratification because even if they did so their chances of receiving a future reward are low. The closed opportunity structure model sees the problems of the poor as being grounded in the larger society as opposed to being inherent deficiencies of the poor themselves. I have selected two programs for this study on the basis of their subscription to one or the other theoretical models discussed above. Portland Residential Manpower Center (PRMC), an urban Job Corps camp, was chosen because its program design conforms to the culture of poverty model in that it attempts to resocialize the trainee so that he may better fit into the society; conversely, the Portland New Careers Project was chosen because it subscribed to the closed opportunity model in that it does not see these socialization attempts as necessary, but rather, it places its trainees in social service positions with various governmental agencies and provides them with education which, hopefully, will enable the trainee to move into a more professional position at the agency. The study then attempts to describe the effects of each of these programs on its enrollees. The method of direct observation was chosen for several reasons: (1) The exploratory nature of the study; (2) The absence of a clear cut hypothesis to test; (3) inadequate statistical data available which would give me answers to the kinds of questions I had asked. The findings indicated that the two programs had very different effects on the enrollees. PRMC, because of its highly structured character and complete program of socialization, produced a high degree of distrust of the program on the part of the trainees. PRMC's socialization attempts were seen as largely unnecessary by the trainees and they felt that these attempts interfered with the primary task of skill training. New Careers, on the other hand, lacks a highly structured program. Aside from being expected to put in time at the placement agency and to attend his classes, the trainee is left largely on his own. This almost complete lack of structure has made it exceedingly difficult for many of the trainees to progress in the program because they have few guidelines for their training. The New Careerist learns what is expected of him through trial and error. The findings of this study suggest that social scientists should be aware of the consequences of their theoretical models on the people these models attempt to deal with. Both programs studies exhibited deficiencies which, in varying degrees, are the result of the theoretical models upon which the program is based.

The United States Air Force (USAF) has downsized an average of 10,000 active duty personnel each year from 1990 to 2010. Despite this downsizing, the mission remains the same, which increases the workload on the remaining airmen, lowers morale, decreases specialization, changes the mindset/culture, accelerates promotion rates, and shifts the dependence on technology in the Security Forces career field. The USAF needs adequately sized and proficient members to meet its mission. This phenomenological study examined the effects of USAF downsizing on the USAF Security Forces career field. The great man theory, social learning theory, theory of expertise, and Maslow's hierarchy of needs provided the conceptual framework. Semistructured interviews were gathered with a purposeful sample of 24 retired Security Forces members, near Air Combat Command bases; data were then analyzed through the Moustaukas modified van Kaam technique. The themes from this study were the cycle of downsizing; increased workload despite decreased number of personnel, also known as "more with less"; an accelerated promotion rate; and dependence on technology. The primary finding suggested the need for specialization and consistency of technology used. Further research on downsizing based on budgetary constraints, awareness of the loss of specializations after downsizing, and communication while downsizing could expand the findings of this study. The results of this study can be used by all leadership facing budgetary constraints and technology upgrades. Social change could ensue if leadership observes the cultural changes that occur when choosing to downsize and merge.