• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 4
  • 2
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 7
  • 7
  • 6
  • 4
  • 4
  • 3
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Effectiveness and safety of mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke in Latin American countries: A systematic review

Gonzalez-Aquines, Alejandro, Cordero-Perez, A.C., Mohammadnezhad, Masoud, Bochenek, T., Gongora-Rivera, F. 31 January 2023 (has links)
Yes / To describe the use, effectiveness, and safety outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in Latin American countries. Studies reporting MT outcomes for AIS in Latin America were identified in CINAHL, MEDLINE, Web of Science, SciELO, EMBASE, and LILACS databases. Synthesis was conducted according to effectiveness (recanalization rates) and safety measures (mortality and functional independence at 90 days). Seventeen studies were included, mainly from public and university hospitals. MT utilization varied from 2.6% to 50.1%, while successful recanalization ranged from 63% to 95%. Functional independence 90 days after stroke (a modified Rankin scale score of 0 to 2) was achieved in less than 40% across most studies. Mortality rates were below 30%; studies with posterior circulation strokes reported higher mortality rates. The randomized trial reported better health outcomes for functional independence among patients in the MT group (OR 2.28; 95% CI, 1.41 - 3.69), favoring MT over standard care. The included studies had great methodological heterogeneity due to differences in study design, the MT time window, and stroke location. The only randomized trial showed improved functional independence and lower mortality rates with MT than with standard care. The rest of the studies reported similar findings to available literature. Efforts to improve stroke care are reflected in improved patient outcomes in the region. Future studies should consider standard time window criteria and reduce the risk of bias by including representative samples and comparison groups.
2

Axillary vein thrombosis induced by an increasingly popular oscillating dumbbell exercise device: a case report

Shennib, H., Hickle, K., Bowles, B. January 2015 (has links)
A 53 year-old male presented with a one-day history of a swollen arm and dull, aching pain in the right upper extremity. The patient reported commencing exercising daily over the prior week with a modified, oscillating dumbbell; commonly referred to as a Shake Weight. Imaging revealed an occlusive thrombus in the right axillary, proximal brachial and basilic veins. The patient was treated with a 24-hour tPA infusion followed by mechanical thrombectomy, balloon angioplasty, and stent placement for a residual thrombus and stenosis. The patient was discharged the following day on warfarin and aspirin. This is the first report of effort-induced thrombosis of the upper extremity following the use of a modified, oscillating dumbbell. Due to the growing popularity of modified dumbbells and the possible risk for axillary vein thrombosis, consideration should be made to caution consumers of this potential complication.
3

Experiência da trombectomia mecânica no tratamento do acidente vascular cerebral agudo em um hospital universitário brasileiro / Experience on mechanical thrombectomy for acute stroke treatment in a Brazilian university hospital

Nakiri, Guilherme Seizem 22 November 2017 (has links)
O Brasil é um país em desenvolvimento que luta para reduzir sua desigualdade social extrema. Isso se reflete na falta de infraestrutura de cuidados de saúde, principalmente para a classe de baixa renda, que depende exclusivamente do sistema de saúde pública. No Brasil, menos de 1% dos pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) têm acesso a trombólise intravenosa em uma unidade especializada de AVC e as limitações para a implementação da trombectomia mecânica nos hospitais públicos aumentam a carga social do AVC. Objetivo: Avaliar a viabilidade da trombectomia mecânica como parte do tratamento de rotina em um hospital universitário público brasileiro. Pacientes e Métodos: Foram coletados dados prospectivos de todos os pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico (AVCI) agudo tratados por trombectomia mecânica de junho de 2011 a março de 2016. A trombectomia combinada foi realizada em pacientes elegíveis para trombólise intravenosa e com presença de oclusão de grandes artérias. Para os pacientes não elegíveis para trombólise intravenosa, foi realizada a trombectomia mecânica desde que não existisse evidência de isquemia significativa de circulação anterior (escala de pontuação Alberta Stroke Program Early CT > 6), dentro de uma janela de tempo de 6 horas; e também para pacientes com AVCI ao desperdar ou de circulação posterior, independente do tempo de início dos sintomas. Resultados: Um total de 161 pacientes foram avaliados, resultando em uma taxa de recanalização global bem sucedida de 76% e taxa de hemorragia intracraniana sintomática de 6,8%. Após 3 meses, 36% dos pacientes apresentaram um índice da Escala de Rankin modificada inferior ou igual a 2. A taxa de mortalidade geral foi de 23%. Conclusão: Nosso estudo foi a primeira série grande de trombectomia mecânica no Brasil e demonstrou resultados aceitáveis de eficácia e segurança, mesmo em condições restritas, fora do cenário ideal dos estudos clínicos randomizados. / Brazil is a developing country struggling to reduce its extreme social inequality, which is reflected on shortage of health-care infrastructure, mainly to the low-income class, which depends exclusively on the public health system. In Brazil, less than 1% of stroke patients have access to intravenous thrombolysis in a stroke unit, and constraints to the development of mechanical thrombectomy in the public health system increase the social burden of stroke. Objective: Report the feasibility of mechanical thrombectomy as part of routine stroke care in a Brazilian public university hospital. Patients and methods: Prospective data were collected from all patients treated for acute ischemic stroke with mechanical thrombectomy from June 2011 to March 2016. Combined thrombectomy was performed in eligible patients for intravenous thrombolysis if they presented occlusion of large artery. For those patients ineligible for intravenous thrombolysis, primary thrombectomy was performed as long as there was no evidence of significant ischemia for anterior circulation stroke (Alberta Stroke Program Early CT score >6) within a 6-hour time window, and also for those patients with wake-up stroke or posterior circulation stroke, regardless of the time of symptoms onset. Results: A total of 161 patients were evaluated, resulting in an overall successful recanalization rate of 76% and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage rate of 6.8%. At 3 months, 36% of the patients had modified Rankin Scale score less than or equal to 2. The overall mortality rate was 23%. Conclusion: Our study, the first ever large series of mechanical thrombectomy in Brazil, demonstrates acceptable efficacy and safety results, even under restricted conditions outside the ideal scenario of trial studies.
4

Estudo das lesões hiperdensas em tomografias computadorizadas de crânio de pacientes submetidos a tratamento endovascular para o acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico agudo / Study of hyperdense lesions on computed tomography scan on the head of patients undergoing endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke

Cabral, Fernando Bermudes 02 June 2015 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: As imagens de lesões hiperdensas encontradas em exames de tomografia (TC) de crânio após o tratamento endovascular do acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico (AVCi) agudo têm sido correlacionadas ao risco de transformação hemorrágica após o AVC. Entretanto, a correlação entre as lesões hiperdensas e a área cerebral infartada é desconhecida. O objetivo deste estudo é determinar a correlação entre as lesões hiperdensas encontradas em TC de crânio realizadas logo após tratamento endovascular do AVCi agudo e a área de AVC isquêmico. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram coletados retrospectivamente dados radiológicos de pacientes com AVCi agudo por oclusão de grandes vasos da circulação anterior submetidos ao tratamento endovascular. Foram analisadas imagens de TC de crânio nas primeiras 24 horas e até 21 dias após o tratamento. As áreas hiperdensas foram classificadas utilizando o escore ASPECTS e comparadas com as áreas de AVC isquêmico final pelo mesmo escore. As imagens foram analisadas independentemente por dois avaliadores, sendo que um terceiro avaliador analisou os casos discordantes. A concordância entre avaliadores (CCI) e os valores de sensibilidade, especificidade, preditivos positivo e negativos e acurácia foram calculados. RESULTADOS: Lesões hiperdensas foram encontradas em 71 dos 93 (76,34%) pacientes com AVC isquêmico de circulação anterior. As áreas captantes de contraste corresponderam às áreas de AVC final segundo o escore ASPECTS (CCI=0,58 [0,40 0,71]). Os valores para cada região individual foram avaliados e a sensibilidade variou de 58,3% a 96,9%, a especificidade de 42,9% a 95,6%, os valores preditivos positivos de 71,4% a 97,7%, os valores preditivos negativos de 53,8% a 79,5% e os valores de acurácia de 0,68 a 0,91. Os maiores valores de sensibilidade foram encontrados para os núcleos lentiforme (96,9%) e caudado (80,4%) e para a cápsula interna (87,5%) e os menores para os córtices M1 (58,3%) e M6 (66,7%). CONCLUSÕES: A aplicação do escore ASPECTS para avaliação das imagens de tomografia de crânio após o tratamento endovascular do AVCi agudo que apresentam captação de contraste, demonstrou ser uma ferramenta útil para a predição da área final de infarto cerebral. A predição foi maior na região profunda e menor nos córtices cerebrais, provavelmente devido maior circulação colateral cortical. Além disso, o método se mostrou reprodutível e de fácil utilização. / INTRODUCTION: The hyperdense lesions images found in head computed tomography (CT) scan after endovascular treatment have been correlated to risk of hemorrhagic transformation after stroke. However, the correlation between hyperdense lesions and the infarcted brain area is unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between the hyperdense lesions found on CT scan performed after endovacular treatment of acute stroke and final ischemic stroke area. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was collected radiological data of patients with acute ischemic stroke by occlusion of large vessels in the anterior circulation were treated with endovascular treatment. Head CT scan were evaluated in the first 24 hours and by 21 days after treatment. The hyperdense areas were rated using the ASPECTS score and compared with final ischemic stroke by the same score. The images were analyzed independently by two reviewers, and a third evaluator examined the discordant cases. The interrater agreement (ICC) and the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy were calculated. RESULTS: hyperdense lesions were found in 71 of 93 (76.34%) patients with ischemic stroke of anterior circulation. The contrast iodineaccumulating areas corresponded to the final stroke areas (ICC = 0.58 [0.40 to 0.71]) as the ASPECTS score. The values for each individual region were evaluated and the sensitivity ranged from 58.3% to 96.9%, specificity of 42.9% to 95.6%, the positive predictive value of 71.4% to 97, 7%, the negative predictive value of 53.8% to 79.5% and the accuracy of values from 0.68 to 0.91. The higher sensitivity found for lenticular nuclei (96.9%) and caudate (80.4%) and the internal capsule (87.5%) and lower for M1 (58.3%) and M6 (66.7%) cortices. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the ASPECTS score for evaluation of CT head scan after endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke images that exhibit contrast enhancement proved to be a useful tool for predicting the final ischemic stroke area. The prediction was higher in the deep region and lower in the cerebral cortex, probably because the cortical collateral circulation. Futhermore, these method was reproducible and easy to use.
5

Experiência da trombectomia mecânica no tratamento do acidente vascular cerebral agudo em um hospital universitário brasileiro / Experience on mechanical thrombectomy for acute stroke treatment in a Brazilian university hospital

Guilherme Seizem Nakiri 22 November 2017 (has links)
O Brasil é um país em desenvolvimento que luta para reduzir sua desigualdade social extrema. Isso se reflete na falta de infraestrutura de cuidados de saúde, principalmente para a classe de baixa renda, que depende exclusivamente do sistema de saúde pública. No Brasil, menos de 1% dos pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) têm acesso a trombólise intravenosa em uma unidade especializada de AVC e as limitações para a implementação da trombectomia mecânica nos hospitais públicos aumentam a carga social do AVC. Objetivo: Avaliar a viabilidade da trombectomia mecânica como parte do tratamento de rotina em um hospital universitário público brasileiro. Pacientes e Métodos: Foram coletados dados prospectivos de todos os pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico (AVCI) agudo tratados por trombectomia mecânica de junho de 2011 a março de 2016. A trombectomia combinada foi realizada em pacientes elegíveis para trombólise intravenosa e com presença de oclusão de grandes artérias. Para os pacientes não elegíveis para trombólise intravenosa, foi realizada a trombectomia mecânica desde que não existisse evidência de isquemia significativa de circulação anterior (escala de pontuação Alberta Stroke Program Early CT > 6), dentro de uma janela de tempo de 6 horas; e também para pacientes com AVCI ao desperdar ou de circulação posterior, independente do tempo de início dos sintomas. Resultados: Um total de 161 pacientes foram avaliados, resultando em uma taxa de recanalização global bem sucedida de 76% e taxa de hemorragia intracraniana sintomática de 6,8%. Após 3 meses, 36% dos pacientes apresentaram um índice da Escala de Rankin modificada inferior ou igual a 2. A taxa de mortalidade geral foi de 23%. Conclusão: Nosso estudo foi a primeira série grande de trombectomia mecânica no Brasil e demonstrou resultados aceitáveis de eficácia e segurança, mesmo em condições restritas, fora do cenário ideal dos estudos clínicos randomizados. / Brazil is a developing country struggling to reduce its extreme social inequality, which is reflected on shortage of health-care infrastructure, mainly to the low-income class, which depends exclusively on the public health system. In Brazil, less than 1% of stroke patients have access to intravenous thrombolysis in a stroke unit, and constraints to the development of mechanical thrombectomy in the public health system increase the social burden of stroke. Objective: Report the feasibility of mechanical thrombectomy as part of routine stroke care in a Brazilian public university hospital. Patients and methods: Prospective data were collected from all patients treated for acute ischemic stroke with mechanical thrombectomy from June 2011 to March 2016. Combined thrombectomy was performed in eligible patients for intravenous thrombolysis if they presented occlusion of large artery. For those patients ineligible for intravenous thrombolysis, primary thrombectomy was performed as long as there was no evidence of significant ischemia for anterior circulation stroke (Alberta Stroke Program Early CT score >6) within a 6-hour time window, and also for those patients with wake-up stroke or posterior circulation stroke, regardless of the time of symptoms onset. Results: A total of 161 patients were evaluated, resulting in an overall successful recanalization rate of 76% and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage rate of 6.8%. At 3 months, 36% of the patients had modified Rankin Scale score less than or equal to 2. The overall mortality rate was 23%. Conclusion: Our study, the first ever large series of mechanical thrombectomy in Brazil, demonstrates acceptable efficacy and safety results, even under restricted conditions outside the ideal scenario of trial studies.
6

Estudo das lesões hiperdensas em tomografias computadorizadas de crânio de pacientes submetidos a tratamento endovascular para o acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico agudo / Study of hyperdense lesions on computed tomography scan on the head of patients undergoing endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke

Fernando Bermudes Cabral 02 June 2015 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: As imagens de lesões hiperdensas encontradas em exames de tomografia (TC) de crânio após o tratamento endovascular do acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico (AVCi) agudo têm sido correlacionadas ao risco de transformação hemorrágica após o AVC. Entretanto, a correlação entre as lesões hiperdensas e a área cerebral infartada é desconhecida. O objetivo deste estudo é determinar a correlação entre as lesões hiperdensas encontradas em TC de crânio realizadas logo após tratamento endovascular do AVCi agudo e a área de AVC isquêmico. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram coletados retrospectivamente dados radiológicos de pacientes com AVCi agudo por oclusão de grandes vasos da circulação anterior submetidos ao tratamento endovascular. Foram analisadas imagens de TC de crânio nas primeiras 24 horas e até 21 dias após o tratamento. As áreas hiperdensas foram classificadas utilizando o escore ASPECTS e comparadas com as áreas de AVC isquêmico final pelo mesmo escore. As imagens foram analisadas independentemente por dois avaliadores, sendo que um terceiro avaliador analisou os casos discordantes. A concordância entre avaliadores (CCI) e os valores de sensibilidade, especificidade, preditivos positivo e negativos e acurácia foram calculados. RESULTADOS: Lesões hiperdensas foram encontradas em 71 dos 93 (76,34%) pacientes com AVC isquêmico de circulação anterior. As áreas captantes de contraste corresponderam às áreas de AVC final segundo o escore ASPECTS (CCI=0,58 [0,40 0,71]). Os valores para cada região individual foram avaliados e a sensibilidade variou de 58,3% a 96,9%, a especificidade de 42,9% a 95,6%, os valores preditivos positivos de 71,4% a 97,7%, os valores preditivos negativos de 53,8% a 79,5% e os valores de acurácia de 0,68 a 0,91. Os maiores valores de sensibilidade foram encontrados para os núcleos lentiforme (96,9%) e caudado (80,4%) e para a cápsula interna (87,5%) e os menores para os córtices M1 (58,3%) e M6 (66,7%). CONCLUSÕES: A aplicação do escore ASPECTS para avaliação das imagens de tomografia de crânio após o tratamento endovascular do AVCi agudo que apresentam captação de contraste, demonstrou ser uma ferramenta útil para a predição da área final de infarto cerebral. A predição foi maior na região profunda e menor nos córtices cerebrais, provavelmente devido maior circulação colateral cortical. Além disso, o método se mostrou reprodutível e de fácil utilização. / INTRODUCTION: The hyperdense lesions images found in head computed tomography (CT) scan after endovascular treatment have been correlated to risk of hemorrhagic transformation after stroke. However, the correlation between hyperdense lesions and the infarcted brain area is unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between the hyperdense lesions found on CT scan performed after endovacular treatment of acute stroke and final ischemic stroke area. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was collected radiological data of patients with acute ischemic stroke by occlusion of large vessels in the anterior circulation were treated with endovascular treatment. Head CT scan were evaluated in the first 24 hours and by 21 days after treatment. The hyperdense areas were rated using the ASPECTS score and compared with final ischemic stroke by the same score. The images were analyzed independently by two reviewers, and a third evaluator examined the discordant cases. The interrater agreement (ICC) and the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy were calculated. RESULTS: hyperdense lesions were found in 71 of 93 (76.34%) patients with ischemic stroke of anterior circulation. The contrast iodineaccumulating areas corresponded to the final stroke areas (ICC = 0.58 [0.40 to 0.71]) as the ASPECTS score. The values for each individual region were evaluated and the sensitivity ranged from 58.3% to 96.9%, specificity of 42.9% to 95.6%, the positive predictive value of 71.4% to 97, 7%, the negative predictive value of 53.8% to 79.5% and the accuracy of values from 0.68 to 0.91. The higher sensitivity found for lenticular nuclei (96.9%) and caudate (80.4%) and the internal capsule (87.5%) and lower for M1 (58.3%) and M6 (66.7%) cortices. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the ASPECTS score for evaluation of CT head scan after endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke images that exhibit contrast enhancement proved to be a useful tool for predicting the final ischemic stroke area. The prediction was higher in the deep region and lower in the cerebral cortex, probably because the cortical collateral circulation. Futhermore, these method was reproducible and easy to use.
7

Anwendbarkeit des Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) anhand multimodaler CT-Bildgebung in der Schlaganfallfrühdiagnostik und dessen Fähigkeit zur Vorhersage des klinischen Behandlungsergebnisses für Patienten, welche durch Thrombusextraktion durch Aspiration behandelt werden. / Applicability of the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Scale (ASPECTS) based on Multimodal Computed Tomography for Early Stroke Imaging and its Ability to Predict Clinical Outcomes of Patients Treated With Aspiration Thrombectomy

Reinhardt, Lars 10 January 2017 (has links)
Der ischämische Schlaganfall ist ein ernstzunehmendes Ereignis, welches rascher Rekanalisationstherapie bedarf. Hierfür stehen mehrere Therapieansätze zur Verfügung. Bildgebungsgestützte Patientenselektion zur individuell geeigneten Therapie kann das abschließende klinische Behandlungsergebnis des einzelnen Patienten maßgeblich verbessern. Der Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS), eine einfach und schnell anwendbare 10-Punkte-Skala zur Auswertung von Schädel-CT-Untersuchungen, wurde bereits als hilfreicher Prädiktor für das klinische Behandlungsergebnis nach erfolgreicher thrombolytischer Therapie identifiziert. Ein Nachteil der nativen Schädel-CT ist, dass der Infarktkern erst mit mehreren Stunden Verzögerung erkennbar wird. Das aktuelle Ausmaß des Infarktkerns kann durch Bestimmung des zerebralen Blutvolumens (CBV) anhand von Perfusions-CT-Untersuchungen schneller ermittelt werden.  Diese Studie analysiert retrospektiv multimodale CT-Bildgebung einer Patientenkohorte von 51 Patienten mit akutem ischämischen Schlaganfall aufgrund eines Verschlusses im M1-Segment der Arteria cerebri media bezüglich des Behandlungsergebnisses nach endovaskulärer Therapie. Die CT-Daten wurden mit kommerzieller Computersoftware nachverarbeitet. Zwei erfahrene Neuroradiologen werteten getrennt voneinander Nativ- und Perfusions-CT-Daten mithilfe des ASPECTS aus. Die Befunde der Patientengruppe mit schlechtem klinischen Behandlungsergebnis wurden mit denen der Gruppe mit gutem Ergebnis verglichen. Variablen, welche statistisch signifikante Unterschiede aufwiesen, wurden daraufhin untersucht. Zwischen den Ergebnissen der Rekanalisationstherapie, den Zeitintervallen oder den nativen CT-ASPECTS-Ergebnissen beider Gruppen bestand kein signifikanter Unterschied. Signifikant unterschieden sich die Gruppen im Hinblick auf das Patientenalter. Die übrigen Basischarakteristika der beiden Patientengruppen unterschieden sich nicht signifikant. Es ergaben sich weiterhin signifikante Unterschiede im Bezug auf den ASPECTS für zerebralen Blutfluss (CBF-ASPECTS) und die Differenz zwischen ASPECTS für zerebrales Blutvolumen (CBV-ASPECTS) und CBF-ASPECTS [Δ(CBV - CBF)-ASPECTS]. Für CBV-ASPECTS > 7 konnte die höchste Sensitivität (84 %) und Spezifität (79 %) zur Voraussage eines guten klinischen Behandlungsergebnisses ermittelt werden.  Diese Studie zeigt, dass durch ASPECTS ausgewertete CT-Perfusionsparameter eine optimale Voraussagekraft für das klinische Behandlungsergebnis nach erfolgreicher Rekanalisationstherapie besitzen und diese sensitiver und spezifischer als der native CT-ASPECTS sind. Der ASPECTS erlaubt einen einfachen und schnellen quantitativen Überblick über die tatsächliche aktuelle Situation des einzelnen Patienten. Die Berücksichtigung dieser Parameter bei Therapieentscheidungen könnte helfen, Patienten der geeigneten Therapie zuzuführen und die Anzahl vergeblicher Rekanalisationsbehandlungen zu reduzieren.

Page generated in 0.1037 seconds