<p>This study focuses on exploring Swedish journalists’ experiences and thoughts about the working conditions during the Olympic Games in Beijing 2008. It is interesting because of the fact that the Olympic Games where hosted in a country with dictatorial government and this is the foundation of this study. Theories about social construction, propaganda and media events were applied to illuminate and give a broader comprehension of the influence on the journalistic work during an Olympic Game. To explore this problem and get answers to our questions we used qualitative interviews with eight Swedish journalists who were stationed in Beijing. The result of this study is based on these journalists’ experiences of their reality. We found that all the journalists experienced an almost perfect working condition in many ways. Censorship and the lack of freedom of speech were debated a lot before the games in many western media. These subjects did not affect negative on the Swedish journalists work in Beijing but the debate had anyway an unavoidable influence on them. The line between sport journalism and a social journalism was often rubbed out and it seemed hard to avoid what happened outside the Olympic area. The organization of the Beijing Games is described by many journalists as the best of all times. We found that the journalists gave a common experience which says that almost everything in Beijing was controlled and set by the organization. The majority says at the same time that they were totally aware of the ongoing propaganda. The journalists in our study describe a journalistic freedom inside the Olympic area, in the same way as in every Olympic Game. No matter if it is hosted by a democratic or a dictatorial government.</p>

This study focuses on exploring Swedish journalists’ experiences and thoughts about the working conditions during the Olympic Games in Beijing 2008. It is interesting because of the fact that the Olympic Games where hosted in a country with dictatorial government and this is the foundation of this study. Theories about social construction, propaganda and media events were applied to illuminate and give a broader comprehension of the influence on the journalistic work during an Olympic Game. To explore this problem and get answers to our questions we used qualitative interviews with eight Swedish journalists who were stationed in Beijing. The result of this study is based on these journalists’ experiences of their reality. We found that all the journalists experienced an almost perfect working condition in many ways. Censorship and the lack of freedom of speech were debated a lot before the games in many western media. These subjects did not affect negative on the Swedish journalists work in Beijing but the debate had anyway an unavoidable influence on them. The line between sport journalism and a social journalism was often rubbed out and it seemed hard to avoid what happened outside the Olympic area. The organization of the Beijing Games is described by many journalists as the best of all times. We found that the journalists gave a common experience which says that almost everything in Beijing was controlled and set by the organization. The majority says at the same time that they were totally aware of the ongoing propaganda. The journalists in our study describe a journalistic freedom inside the Olympic area, in the same way as in every Olympic Game. No matter if it is hosted by a democratic or a dictatorial government.

Doctor of Philosophy / Dingo Media examines the development of media events using as a case study one of Australia’s most widely known criminal investigations, the disappearance of Azaria Chamberlain at “Ayers Rock”. Considering the case as a blueprint for the way mass media events develop and evolve in the late capitalist era, this thesis suggests that the event marks a turning point in negotiation of the public sphere and Australian national identity. Using an original model, I trace from the 1980s five phases through which news stories pass in their evolution as modern media events by comparing the Chamberlain saga to contemporary cases involving “controversial” women, Schapelle Corby, Joanne Lees and Pauline Hanson. The first phase examines the emerging practice of news workers focusing on personalities rather than events; the second phase analyses both the formation of counter-publics protesting the conviction, and the development of a dialogic connection between media and publics; the third phase investigates the rise of a modern celebrity industry promoting “ordinary” individuals into subjects of media discourse; the fourth phase considers the process of mythic production surrounding the Chamberlain case as related to processes of nation-building in the late 1980s; finally, the fifth phase critiques the prevalent view that, through continual retelling, the event has suffered a loss of meaning. Axiomatic to this study will be the politics of representation, how the media records, organises and mythologises information, as well as the interaction between texts and audiences.

Doctor of Philosophy / Dingo Media examines the development of media events using as a case study one of Australia’s most widely known criminal investigations, the disappearance of Azaria Chamberlain at “Ayers Rock”. Considering the case as a blueprint for the way mass media events develop and evolve in the late capitalist era, this thesis suggests that the event marks a turning point in negotiation of the public sphere and Australian national identity. Using an original model, I trace from the 1980s five phases through which news stories pass in their evolution as modern media events by comparing the Chamberlain saga to contemporary cases involving “controversial” women, Schapelle Corby, Joanne Lees and Pauline Hanson. The first phase examines the emerging practice of news workers focusing on personalities rather than events; the second phase analyses both the formation of counter-publics protesting the conviction, and the development of a dialogic connection between media and publics; the third phase investigates the rise of a modern celebrity industry promoting “ordinary” individuals into subjects of media discourse; the fourth phase considers the process of mythic production surrounding the Chamberlain case as related to processes of nation-building in the late 1980s; finally, the fifth phase critiques the prevalent view that, through continual retelling, the event has suffered a loss of meaning. Axiomatic to this study will be the politics of representation, how the media records, organises and mythologises information, as well as the interaction between texts and audiences.

Magister Artium - MA / Media representations, embedded in reported media events, play a pivotal role in the propagation of beliefs, ideologies and establishing the status quo. The media events are given coverage by news reports on newsworthy topics, and in this case, politics. In this mini-dissertation, two particular media events, namely the Travel Ban instituted by President Donald Trump, and making Jerusalem the official capital of Israel, were analysed based on the different viewpoints writers portrayed on the same media events. Being contemporary political events related to the current President of America, it was evident that a standard news structure was common and spatial positioning of texts was a noticeable key feature of news report. The use of pronouns as the subject in headlines, including nominalisations, clause embedding and speech acts, clarified implicit and underlying meanings of the text. The linguistic choices made by the writers had a direct link to the text, which propagated Trump’s social and political ideologies positively and negatively based on these choices. The textual construct of four online news reports from four American-based newspapers presented both positive and negative revelations about Trump’s political aims. The stance of writers pronounced subjective views in three of the four the news reports. The contentious issue of Jerusalem proved to be sensitive one, in that the religious sensibilities played a major role in the dispute of Palestinian lands. The linguistic choices most utilised were non-cohesive use of grammar rules as opposed to other texts; linguistic techniques, such as the discourse of exclusion; and the choice of wording, particularly understood within the Political Discourse Analysis (PDA) framework.

The purpose of this Bachelor thesis was to investigate how communities can be formed online. By applying Randall Collins theory of Interaction Ritual Chains to live chats in the Just Chatting and esport categories on Twitch.tv, we aimed to explore how communities on the website are established through interaction rituals. By identifying and mapping them we hoped to not only find differences between streams and their live chats, but also to find universal rituals that can be applied to chats across Twith.tv as a whole. As our method, we used a digital ethnographic approach, often referred to as netnography, where the data later was processed by using a qualitative data analysis. This study found several interaction rituals in live chats on Twitch.tv, where communities met with mutual focus. Channel specific emotes, jargons and internal references acted as barriers to entry as well as methods of confirming shared moods. The study also found that while esport streams were dominated by expressive rituals, Just-Chatting streams were defined by conversing rituals that invited users to two-way communication.

Submitted by Fabricia Fialho Reginato (fabriciar) on 2015-07-18T00:26:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoceliaBortoli.pdf: 906097 bytes, checksum: 3036b892cf36bb397899d4514958c3b0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-18T00:26:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoceliaBortoli.pdf: 906097 bytes, checksum: 3036b892cf36bb397899d4514958c3b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-31 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A pesquisa como questões norteadoras: em quê medida os fenômenos de linguagem – repetição ou redundância, e diferença – são reproduzidos e transformados nos processos de construção do acontecimento midiático? Como as operações técnico-discursivas de redundância ou repetição e da diferença incidem sobre o fazer do oficio jornalístico? O que há de singular nas operações técnico-discursivas nos telejornais considerando os seus concorrentes, no âmbito do invariante referencial “Caso Isabella”? Metodologicamente, realizamos pesquisa teórica sobre a repetição ou redundância e diferença, acontecimento midiático, operações técnicas em telejornalismo e midiatização, envolvendo os conceitos de circulação e dispositivo. Em termos empíricos, mapeia as operações técnico-discursivas do telejornalismo exibido do “Caso Isabella” no dia 18 de abril de 2008. O trabalho relaciona as operações técnico-discursivas com o acontecimento social e midiático e identifica analogias e diferenças nas operações técnico-discursivas comparando Jornal Nacional, Jornal da Globo, Jornal da Record, Jornal da Band, RedeTV News e Jornal do SBT a partir de um invariante referencial. Observamos as incidências da repetição ou da redundância e da diferença nos telejornais em análise técnico-discursiva, identificando as operações técnicas como lugares de inscrição - formatos compartilhados entre os telejornais - de uma problemática da linguagem. / Research as guiding questions: to what extent the phenomena of language - repetition or redundancy, and difference - are reproduced and transformed in the process of building the media event? As the techno-discursive operations of redundancy or repetition and difference do focus on the craft of journalism? What's unique operations and technical discourse on the evening news considering its competitors, within the frame-invariant "If Isabella"? Methodologically, we conduct theoretical research on redundancy or repetition and difference, media event, technical operations in broadcast journalism and media coverage, involving the concepts of movement and device. Empirically, maps the operations of the technical discourse of television news show "If Isabella" on April 18, 2008. The work relates the operations with the technical and discursive social and media event and identifies similarities and differences in technical-discursive operations comparing Jornal Nacional, Jornal da Globo, Jornal da Record, Journal of Band RedeTV News and Jornal do SBT from an invariant reference. Observed incidences of repetition or redundancy and the difference in the newscast technical-discursive analysis in identifying the technical operations such as registration places - shared between the TV news formats - a problem of language.

Oggetto di questo lavoro è lo studio dello scandalo politico come costruzione mediatica, dalla notizia alla comunicazione dell’evento. L’individuazione dei temi sensibili e la ricostruzione delle retoriche dello scandalo politico italiano, avverrà tramite una ricognizione del dato giornalistico delle principali testate del Paese. La trasformazione di un fatto in scandalo è spesso strumento della competizione politica, utile alla messa in crisi della reputazione, della stima e della fiducia, quali caratteristiche indispensabili di ogni leader politico. L’accentuata relatività del confine tra spazio pubblico e privato, unitamente all’invadenza dei media, contribuiscono poi alla vulnerabilità della sua immagine. L’obiettivo è quello di utilizzare lo scandalo come lente di ingrandimento della relazione fra politica e media, rispetto alla contesa del potere per la gestione della notizia, tramite cui si è in grado di influenzare la percezione pubblica dei fatti politici. Come la politica è la politica dei media, come la politica gestisce i media e come i media gestiscono la politica, è il risultato dell’analisi. I tre casi scelti sono collocati nel periodo successivo al governo Prodi (2006-2007): lo scandalo della “droga in Parlamento”, quello legato al nome di Scaramella e alla Commissione Mitrokhin, ed infine il caso “Sircana” all’interno dell’inchiesta Vallettopoli. / Object of this work is the study of political scandal as a media creation, from news to the communication of event. The rhetoric of political scandal in Italy and the sensitive topic are analyzes through journalistic information of the main national heading. The transformation of fact in scandal is often a tool for political competition, as useful for critically damage the reputation, esteem and trust as fundamental characteristics of a political leader. The increased relativity of the threshold between public and private spaces and the pervasive nature of media, contribute to the vulnerability of his image. The objective is utilize the scandal as a magnifying glass for the relation between politics and media, with respect to contention of the news management power, for the final influence of public perception of political facts. How politics are media politics, how politics manage the media, and how media manage politics, is the result of my analysis. Case studies include three scandals exploded during the last govern Prodi (2006-2007): “drug in Parliament”, the scandal regarding “Scaramella e la Commissione Mitrokhin” and the case of “Sircana”, inside the investigation of Vallettopoli.

The purpose of this study was to examine how Swedish newspapers framed the campaign Earth Hour. Did media encourage their audience to join in and how did they create a sense of togetherness regarding the campaign? The theories connected to the study are media logic, media events, identity and the media, collective togetherness, symbolic interactionism and discourse. The method used was a qualitative discourse analysis. We analysed three Swedish newspapers: Aftonbladet, Barometern and Svenska Dagbladet. We analysed fifteen different texts ranging from regular news articles to columns. The results showed that Earth Hour continuously is presented as either a way to save the environment or as a useless stunt that people participate in to quiet their guilty conscience. Whether the text in question is positive or not regarding Earth Hour the message is always about urging the audience to act by participating or take an active choice to keep the light on and thereby not comply with the campaign. The results also showed that there are three different types of characters represented in the texts that serve as a way to create togetherness and awareness regarding the Earth Hour campaign. These three characters are the enthusiast, the prophet of doom and the sceptic. More than one of them is never represented in the same text and their main purpose is to symbolise the message that the text has. Continuously the characters give you a view of how to be a participant or a non-participant. These are the two sides you are given, there is nothing in between. By only showing one side of the discussion about the campaign the news papers were creating an "us" versus "them" kind of mentality where everything but "us" were considered wrong or simply ignored.

<p>The purpose of this study was to examine how Swedish newspapers framed the campaign Earth Hour. Did media encourage their audience to join in and how did they create a sense of togetherness regarding the campaign?</p><p>The theories connected to the study are media logic, media events, identity and the media, collective togetherness, symbolic interactionism and discourse. The method used was a qualitative discourse analysis. We analysed three Swedish newspapers: Aftonbladet, Barometern and Svenska Dagbladet. We analysed fifteen different texts ranging from regular news articles to columns.</p><p>The results showed that Earth Hour continuously is presented as either a way to save the environment or as a useless stunt that people participate in to quiet their guilty conscience. Whether the text in question is positive or not regarding Earth Hour the message is always about urging the audience to act by participating or take an active choice to keep the light on and thereby not comply with the campaign. The results also showed that there are three different types of characters represented in the texts that serve as a way to create togetherness and awareness regarding the Earth Hour campaign. These three characters are the enthusiast, the prophet of doom and the sceptic. More than one of them is never represented in the same text and their main purpose is to symbolise the message that the text has. Continuously the characters give you a view of how to be a participant or a non-participant. These are the two sides you are given, there is nothing in between. By only showing one side of the discussion about the campaign the news papers were creating an "us" versus "them" kind of mentality where everything but "us" were considered wrong or simply ignored.</p>