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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Análise de causa raiz dos erros de medicação em uma unidade de internação de um hospital universitário / Root cause analysis of medication errors at an inpatient unit of a university hospital

Teixeira, Thalyta Cardoso Alux 20 September 2007 (has links)
O método da análise de causa raiz tem sido utilizado para investigar e analisar erros de medicação, promover a segurança do paciente e implementar o sistema de forma a garantir a qualidade na assistência e, por isso, ele foi utilizado neste estudo. Os objetivos do estudo foram descrever as doses de medicamentos preparadas e administradas diferentemente daquelas prescritas, em uma clínica médica, de um hospital universitário, utilizando o método da análise de causa raiz; apresentar a freqüência dos tipos de erros identificados, dos turnos de ocorrência, dos profissionais e dos medicamentos envolvidos; elaborar um desenho dos fatores causais de cada dose observada e propor estratégias e recomendações que evitem a recorrência desses erros no sistema de medicação. Tratou-se de estudo descritivo e que realizou uma análise secundária de dados de um estudo já existente. No estudo, 74 erros de medicação foram identificados durante o preparo e a administração de medicamentos pela equipe de enfermagem, sendo que 84,3% foram cometidos por auxiliares de enfermagem que prepararam ou administraram os medicamentos. Erros de dose (24,3%), erros de horário (22,9%) e medicamentos não autorizados (13,5%) foram os mais freqüentes. Dos 70 eventos descritos, a equipe de enfermagem utilizou a requisição da farmácia para preparar os medicamentos em 81,4% das observações, rotulou os medicamentos inadequados ou não rotulou em 80%, não consultou a prescrição médica antes da administração em 74,3% dos eventos, não orientou (41,4%) e não confirmou o paciente pelo nome antes da administração em 22,9% dos eventos. Além desses fatores, outros, como falta de equipamento no setor, medicamento deixado com o acompanhante para administrar, comunicação inadequada e alteração da prescrição médica contribuíram para a ocorrência dos erros. Assim, erros de medicação foram identificados, a análise de causa raiz foi realizada identificando múltiplos fatores que contribuíram para a ocorrência dos erros e estratégias foram recomendadas para evitar a ocorrência dos erros. Este estudo contribuiu para a garantia da segurança do paciente, apresentando o método de análise de erros e as estratégias que podem ser utilizadas pelas instituições para a prevenção dos erros. / Root cause analysis has been used to investigate and analyzing medication errors, promoting patient safety and system improvement, for that, he was used in this study. This study aimed at: describing, by using the root cause analysis method, medication doses prepared and administered differently from those prescribed at a medical clinical of a university hospital; presenting the frequency of the identified error types, shifts of occurrence and professionals and drugs involved; outlining the causative factors for each dose and proposing strategies that will prevent the recurrence of such errors in the medication system. It is a descriptive study in which a secondary analysis of data from a previously existing investigation was performed. In the study, 74 medication errors were identified during medication preparation and administration by the nursing staff, of whose members 84.3% were nursing auxiliaries who prepared or administered medication. Dose errors (24.3%), schedule errors (22.9%) and unauthorized medication (13.5%) were the most frequent. Of the 70 events described, the nursing staff used the pharmacy order to prepare the medication in 81.4% of the observations, labeled inadequate medication or did not in 80%, did not consult the medical order prior to administration in 74.3% of the events, did not provide patient orientation (41.4%) and did not confirm the patient\'s name prior to administration in 22.9% of events. Additionally to these factors, others such as the lack of equipment in the facilities, medication being left for the patient\'s companion to administrate, inadequate communication and alteration of the medical order contributed to error occurrence. Hence, medication errors were identified, and root cause analysis was performed, leading to the identification of multiple factors that contributed to error occurrence, and strategies were recommended in order to prevent it. Therefore, this study has contributed to patient safety by presenting an analysis method and strategies that can be used by institutions for the prevention of errors.
12

A segurança de pacientes na terapêutica medicamentosa e a influência da prescrição médica. Análise da administração de medicamentos em unidades de clínica médica / The patients safety in the medication therapeutics: analysis of the writing of the medical order in the medication administration error at the internal medicine wards

Sousa, Fernanda Raphael Escobar Gimenes de 03 October 2007 (has links)
Eventos adversos aos medicamentos e erros de medicação são muito comuns na prática assistencial e podem ocorrer em qualquer etapa do processo da terapia medicamentosa, contribuindo com a ocorrência de iatrogenias nos pacientes devido ao uso incorreto dos medicamentos ou a sua omissão. Neste contexto, encontramse as prescrições médicas que têm papel ímpar na prevenção do erro, uma vez que prescrições ambíguas, ilegíveis ou incompletas podem contribuir com a ocorrência destes eventos. Esta investigação teve o propósito de analisar a redação de prescrições médicas em unidades de clínica médica de cinco hospitais Brasileiros, comparar os dados obtidos entre os hospitais e propor recomendações para a prevenção de futuros erros de medicação. Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo que utilizou de dados secundários obtidos de uma pesquisa multicêntrica realizada em 2005. A população foi composta por 1.425 medicamentos administrados em discordância com a prescrição. Deste total, a administração de medicamentos em horário diferente do prescrito foi o mais freqüente nos cinco hospitais investigados, correspondendo a 76,0%. A análise da redação da prescrição revelou que 93,6% continham siglas e/ou abreviaturas, 10,7% não apresentavam dados do paciente, 4,3% omitiram informações sobre o medicamento e 4,2% apresentavam alterações e/ou suspensão do medicamento. Com a implantação do sistema computadorizado de prescrições, associada à prática da educação continuada e permanente dos profissionais envolvidos no sistema de medicação será possível minimizar os danos causados aos pacientes hospitalizados decorrentes da administração de medicamentos e, consequentemente, melhorar a qualidade do cuidado prestado. / Adverse events related to medicines and medication errors are very common in the health care assistance and can occur at any stage of the medication process, contributing with the occurrence of iatrogenys in the patients due to the incorrect use of medicines or its omission. In this context, we find medical orders which has uneven role in the prevention of medication error, once ambiguous, unreadable or incomplete medication order may contribute with the occurrence of these events. This study had the intention to analyze the writing of medical orders at internal medicine units of five Brazilian hospitals, to compare data between these hospitals and to consider recommendations for the prevention of future medication errors. This descriptive study used secondary data from a multicentric research occurred in 2005. The population was composed of 1.425 medications given in discordance with the medical order. From this total, the medication administration at different schedule administration time was the most frequent error found at the five hospitals investigated, corresponding to 76.0%. The analysis of the writing of the medical order disclosed that 93.6% contained acronyms and/or abbreviations, 10.7% did not present any information about the patient, 4.3% had omitted information about the medicine and 4.2% presented alterations and/or suspension of the medicine. With the implantation of the computerized prescription order entry system, associate to the practice of continued and permanent education of the involved professionals in the system of medication it will be possible to minimize the damage caused to the patients in the hospital deriving from the administration of medicine and, therefore, improve the quality of the care given.
13

"Conhecimento dos conceitos de erros de medicação, entre auxiliares de enfermagem como fator de segurança do paciente na terapêutica medicamentosa" / Knowledge about medication error concepts among nursing auxiliaries as a patient safety factor in medication therapy.

Coimbra, Jorseli Angela Henriques 28 April 2004 (has links)
O preparo e a administração de medicamentos são práticas realizadas no cotidiano pela equipe de enfermagem. Para que haja segurança aos pacientes na utilização dos medicamentos, faz-se necessário que os profissionais envolvidos no sistema de medicação tenham o conhecimento e o entendimento do conceito de erro na medicação de maneira clara, para que possam identificar o erro bem como as situações facilitadoras para sua ocorrência. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o conhecimento dos auxiliares de enfermagem de um hospital de ensino sobre o conceito de erro na medicação antes e após a implantação de uma oficina de capacitação. A pesquisa foi realizada em um hospital universitário situado na Região Noroeste do Estado do Paraná. A amostra foi constituída de 47 auxiliares de enfermagem que estavam regularmente matriculados no curso de formação profissionalizante em técnico de enfermagem e que exerciam a atividade assistencial, tendo a medicação como rotina em sua prática. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa de uma universidade estadual, em conformidade com a Resolução n.º 196/96. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo com delineamento quase-experimental, tendo como referencial teórico a abordagem sistêmica do erro. A coleta dos dados ocorreu em três etapas: 1. pré-teste, 2. desenvolvimento de uma oficina dinâmica de estudos fundamentada na metodologia da problematização, e 3. pós-teste. Os resultados foram agrupados em sete categorias, as quais seguem: 1. comunicação entre a equipe de saúde; 2. cumprimento do horário da administração de medicamentos; 3. execução do procedimento técnico; 4. dispensação e distribuição dos medicamentos; 5. sistemas de medicação; 6. administração de medicamentos propriamente dita e 7. complicações relacionadas aos medicamentos. Os resultados apontaram que os participantes não perceberam o atraso na administração de medicamentos e a falta de monitoramento pós-administração como erro na medicação, demonstrando uma confiança na regra dos cinco certos e pouco conhecimento dos protocolos de preparo e conservação dos fármacos. Constatou-se a existência de situações facilitadoras para a ocorrência de erro no sistema de medicação, destacando-se que o processo de seleção e prescrição tem maior risco de promover um erro e o processo de dispensação e distribuição possui menor possibilidade em desencadear erro na medicação. / The preparation and administration of medication are daily practices carried out by the nursing team. In order to grant safety to patients in medication use, it becomes necessary for professionals involved in the medication system to possess clear knowledge and understanding about the concept of medication error for them to be able to identify the error, as well as the situations that facilitate its occurrence. This study aimed to analyze the knowledge of nursing auxiliaries at a school hospital with respect to the medication error concept before and after the implantation of a training workshop. The research was carried out at a university hospital located in the northwestern region of Paraná, Brazil. The sample consisted of 47 nursing auxiliaries, who were regularly enrolled in a nursing technician professional formation course and active in nursing care, so that medication was part of their routine practice. The research project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee in accordance with Resolution nº 196/96 - CNS. This is a quantitative and exploratory study with quasi-experimental outlines, adopting the systemic error approach as a reference framework. Data collection involved three phases: 1. pre-test, 2. development of a dynamic study workshop based on problem methodology, and 3. post-test. Results were grouped into seven categories as follows: 1. communication among health team members; 2. accomplishment of medication administration time; 3. technical procedure realization; 4. medication dispensation and distribution; 5. medication systems; 6. medication administration in itself and 7. complications related to medication. We highlighted that, according to the results, the participants did not perceive the delay in medication administration and the lack of post-administration monitoring as a medication error, demonstrating excessive trust in the five rights and little knowledge about the preparation and conservation protocols for pharmaceutical products. We observed the existence of situations that facilitate the occurrence of errors in the medication system, emphasizing that the selection and prescription process contains greater risk of leading to error and that a smaller possibility of medication error is contained in the dispensation and distribution process.
14

Influence of Organizational, Operational, Financial AndEnvironmental Factors on Hospitals' Adoption of Computerized Physician Order Entry Systems for Improving Patient Safety: A Resource Dependence Approach

Solti, Imre 01 January 2006 (has links)
This study examines specific organizational, operational, financial and environmental characteristics to identify factors that are associated with increased likelihood of hospitals' CPOE adoption decision in six rollout regions of the Leapfrog initiatives.Resource dependence theory provides theoretical basis for the study. The study is retrospective observational in design. Individual hospitals are the unit of analysis. The Leapfrog Group's 2002-survey collection serves the primary data source. Univariate statistical methods along with bivariate and ordinal logistic regression models are used to analyze the data. The models provided support for multiple hypotheses for both the adoption and early adoption decisions of study hospitals. The operational characteristics of ownership, in-house physician staff, case mix index and the environmental characteristic of HMO penetration rate had a positive effect on management's adoption decisions. The operational characteristic excess capacity, the organizational characteristic community orientation, the financial characteristic of operating income per admission, and the environmental characteristic of number of HMO contracts had a significant negative effect on CPOE adoption decisions.
15

The Impact of Work-Related Stress on Medication Errors by Health Care Professionals in Saudi Arabian Hospitals

Salam, Abdul 25 May 2016 (has links)
Despite increased awareness about patient safety and quality of care, errors and adverse outcomes occur frequently in clinical practice. An estimated 10% of the 35.1 million U.S. hospital patients suffered injuries caused by medical errors; the most common were medication errors, which accounted for more than 50% of all medical errors. Work-related stress is associated with medication errors for health care professionals (HCP) in Saudi Arabia (SA) hospitals; however, the specific types of stressors and their effect on the level of medication errors have not been studied in SA. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the relationship between the overall level and sources of work-related stress using the job stress scale on the level of medication errors for a group of 269 HCPs working at King Abdul-Aziz Hospital (KAH) in SA. The theoretical framework for this research was the Donabedian patient safety model, which relates healthcare quality to personal, environmental, and organizational factors. Binary logistic regression analyses indicated there was no relationship between overall levels of stress and medication errors. However, specific sources of work related stress such as disruption to home life, excessive workload, and night/weekend call duties were associated with a significant increase in the medication error rate, while pressure to meet deadlines and difficulties with colleagues was associated with a significant decrease in the medication error rate. Positive social change implications include how understanding the impact of work-related stress on medication errors by SA HCPs may lead to specific interventions to reduce medication errors and improve patient care.
16

Weakened by strengths : drugs in solution, medication error and drug safety

Wheeler, Daniel Wren January 2008 (has links)
The concentrations of some drug solutions are often expressed as ratios or percentages. This system simplified prescription and dispensing when Imperial measures such as grains and minims were used. Ampoules of powerful vasoactive drugs such as catecholamines and potentially toxic local anaesthetics are still labelled as ratios and percentages, seemingly through habit or tradition than for any useful clinical reason. This thesis argues that adherence to this outdated system is confusing, causes drug administration errors, and puts patients at risk. Internet-based questionnaires were used to quantify medical students’ and doctors’ understanding of ratios and percentages. A substantial minority of almost 3000 doctors could not convert between ratios, percentages and mass concentration correctly, made dosing errors of up to three orders of magnitude in written clinical scenarios, and struggled with conversions between metric units. These findings are strong arguments for expressing drug concentrations as mass concentration and providing better drug administration teaching. High fidelity patient simulation was used to examine the influence of clearer ampoule labelling and intensive drug administration teaching. This allowed critical incidents to be reproduced realistically, clinical performances to be assessed, and outcome measures to be accurately recorded. Randomised controlled trials were conducted that demonstrated positive influences of both interventions for doctors and students. The difficulties that nurses encounter when preparing infusions of these drugs on critical care units were also studied and are reported. The findings presented should be sufficient to persuade regulatory authorities to remove ratios and percentages from ampoule labels – a straightforward, cheap, commonsense intervention. The lack of effective clinical error reporting systems and the extreme practical difficulties of conducting clinical trials in this field mean that a firm link between this intervention and patient outcome is unlikely ever to be made, but this should not be an excuse for maintaining the status quo.
17

Identifikace medikačního pochybení sestrou v rámci nácviku modelových situací / Identification of medication errors by nurses during simulated situations

KELBLOVÁ, Kateřina January 2015 (has links)
Current status: Medication errors within the context of safe and high quality health care are one of the most frequently discussed topics of recent years. They are part of the medical process, occur in different forms, affect patients of all ages and decrease the quality of provided health care. Prescriptions of medication in medical documentation have to be clearly legible and include all the required information. Nurses' role within the medicaiton process could be described as an ultimate "safeguard" that can prevent medication errors. Goals: The objectives of this research are to assess nurses' awareness of medication errors, ssess their ability to detect medication errors and find out the level of their knowledge regarding the correct procedures and measures following medication error detection.Methodology: The research was conducted using a qualitative research method. The in-depth interviews with nurses were carried out at a surgical critical care unit at the hospital in Jindrichuv Hradec. Following the collection of a sufficient amount of data the interviews were coded using the "pen and pencil" technique and then divided into categories.Research file: In order to achieve the highest level of objectivity the research was carried out with a group of nurses who work at the same unit of a hospital department. The research file included nurses who had varied levels of education and numbers of years of experience. Results: Surgical critical care unit nurses are not aware of the exact definition of medication errors. Only one nurse was able to discuss adverse events with related consequences. The remaining nurses' awareness of medication errors corresponded to the classification described in the relevant foreign and Czech academic literature. None of the interviewed nurses detected all the errors included in the simulated scenarios. Only one nurse, who is currently completing her qualification in this specialty, detected a wrongly prescribed antidote. The simulated scenarios also included a group of high-risk medications that is commonly used at the unit. The first medication included in this group was a 7.45% solution of potassium (KCl). A majority of the participants detected the high concentration of this high-risk medication. Another high-risk medication was a 10% concentrate of NaCl in an infusion; this error was also detected by the majority of the nurses. The third high-risk medication was a wrongly prescribed insulin (it lacked the detailed description of units, time and route). This prescription error was not detected by the majority of participating nurses. Another type of medication error included in the simulated scenarios was a group of medications used specifically in critical care. Only half of the participating nurses successfully detected the errors related to the prescription of this group of medications. The last type or medication errors focused on incomplete prescription by doctors. The most frequently detected error was a prescription of an opiate that lacked the route and the least frequently detected error was a wrong prescription of an infusion administration. It is evident that the nurses always inform the doctor when they detect a medication error. They are more willing to inform the ward sister in cases of incidents caused by somebody else. Only a small group of nurses are willing to inform the senior consultant, the head nurse or the hospital management. Only one nurse associated medication error reporting with an audit. However the majority of nurses agrees that it is important to report any medication errors.Conclusion: The analysed data suggested that the nurses were aware of medication errors. The analysis of the results of the simulated scenarios suggested that nurses' ability to detect medication errors in prescriptions was related to the number of years of experience and the level of education.
18

Erro de medicação: a visão do enfermeiro neonatologista / Medication Error: the perspective of the neonatal nurse

Glaucia Ranquine Luz 19 February 2014 (has links)
O manejo da terapia medicamentosa em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal é complexo e agrega inúmeras drogas. Nesse sentido, manter a atenção ao preparar e administrar corretamente os medicamentos é fundamental em todo o período de assistência ao recém-nascido. Portanto, faz-se necessário que os enfermeiros tenham o entendimento acerca do conceito do erro com medicação, para que possa identificá-lo, bem como os fatores contribuintes para sua ocorrência. Diante do exposto, esta pesquisa teve como objetivos: analisar o entendimento dos enfermeiros neonatologistas sobre o conceito do erro de medicação em uma unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal; conhecer na visão destes enfermeiros quais os fatores contribuintes para a ocorrência desse erro e discutir a partir desta visão como estes fatores podem afetar a segurança do neonato. Metodologia: trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo descritiva. O cenário do estudo foi uma unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal de um hospital universitário, situado no município do Rio de Janeiro. Os sujeitos foram 14 enfermeiros entre plantonistas e residentes que atuavam no manejo da terapia medicamentosa. Para a coleta dos dados utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada, que foram analisadas através da análise de conteúdo de Bardin, emergindo 04 categorias: Diversos conceitos sobre erros de medicação; Fatores humanos contribuintes ao erro de medicação; Fatores ambientais contribuintes ao erro de medicação e Conhecendo como os fatores contribuintes ao erro podem afetar a segurança do paciente. Para as enfermeiras o erro de medicação significa errar um dos cinco certos na administração de medicamentos (paciente, dose, via, horário e medicamento certo), e este pode acontecer em alguma parte do sistema de medicação. Neste sentido, elas entendem que uma pessoa não pode ser considerada a única responsável pela ocorrência de um erro medicamentoso. Quanto aos fatores contribuintes ao erro de medicação elencaram aqueles relacionados à prescrição medicamentosa (letra ilegível, prescrição da dose e via incorretas), ao próprio profissional de enfermagem (como sobrecarga de trabalho, número reduzido de profissionais e os múltiplos vínculos empregatícios) e ao ambiente de trabalho (ambiente inadequado e estressante; conversas paralelas com os colegas e os ruídos no setor). Na visão das enfermeiras, os fatores contribuintes ao erro podem afetar a segurança do recém-nascido, levando às situações de danos a sua saúde, podendo trazer consequências clínicas e risco de óbito. O estudo aponta a necessidade de se buscar sistemas de medicação mais confiáveis e seguros. Neste sentido, é imprescindível desenvolver e implementar programas de educação centrados nos princípios gerais da segurança do paciente. Além disso, é de suma importância que as políticas públicas de saúde, direcionem ações para o aprimoramento de medidas na segurança do RN, do sistema de medicação e da cultura de segurança. / The management of drug therapy in a neonatal intensive care unit is complex and combines innumerous drugs. In this way, paying attention in the correct preparation and administration of drugs is fundamental in the whole period of assistance to the newborn infants. Therefore, is necessary that the nurses have the understanding of the concept of medication error, in order to be able to identify it as well as the contributing factors for its occurrence. In the presence of what was told, this research had as its aims: to analyze the understanding of the neonatal nurses of the concept of medication error in a neonatal intensive care unit; to apprehend from the perspective of these nurses, which contributing factor could affect the safety of the neonate. Methodology: it is a qualitative research with a descriptive design. The study setting was a neonatal intensive care unit from a university hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The participants were 14 nurses, attending and resident physicians, which operate in the management of drug therapy. For the data collection a semi-structured interview was used, and then analyzed through the content analysis of Bardin, from what 04 categories emerged: different concepts of medication error; human contributing factors to the medication error; environmental contributing factors to the medication error; and understanding how the contributing factors to the medication error can affect the safety of the patient. For the nurses the medication error means making a mistake in one of the five rights in the medication administration (the right patient, the right dose, the right route, the right time, and the right drug), and this can happen in any part of the medication-use process. Thus, they understand that one person cannot be considered the only responsible for the occurrence of a medication error. About the contributing factors to the medication error it was listed those related to the medical prescription (illegible handwriting, dosage prescription, and incorrect route of administration), to the nurses (such as work overload, reduced number of workers and multiple jobs) and to the work environment (unsuitable and stressful environment, casual conversation with the co-workers and noises in the ward). From the nurses perspective the contributing factors to the error can affect the safety of the newborn, causing harm to its health, what could have clinical consequences and risk of death. The study points to the necessity of searching for medication-use processes more reliable and safer. In this way, to develop and to implement educational programs centered on the general principles of patient safety. Moreover, it is extremely important that the public health policies conduct actions for the improvement of measures for the safety of the newborn, the medication-use process, and the safety culture.
19

Erro de medicação: a visão do enfermeiro neonatologista / Medication Error: the perspective of the neonatal nurse

Glaucia Ranquine Luz 19 February 2014 (has links)
O manejo da terapia medicamentosa em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal é complexo e agrega inúmeras drogas. Nesse sentido, manter a atenção ao preparar e administrar corretamente os medicamentos é fundamental em todo o período de assistência ao recém-nascido. Portanto, faz-se necessário que os enfermeiros tenham o entendimento acerca do conceito do erro com medicação, para que possa identificá-lo, bem como os fatores contribuintes para sua ocorrência. Diante do exposto, esta pesquisa teve como objetivos: analisar o entendimento dos enfermeiros neonatologistas sobre o conceito do erro de medicação em uma unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal; conhecer na visão destes enfermeiros quais os fatores contribuintes para a ocorrência desse erro e discutir a partir desta visão como estes fatores podem afetar a segurança do neonato. Metodologia: trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo descritiva. O cenário do estudo foi uma unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal de um hospital universitário, situado no município do Rio de Janeiro. Os sujeitos foram 14 enfermeiros entre plantonistas e residentes que atuavam no manejo da terapia medicamentosa. Para a coleta dos dados utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada, que foram analisadas através da análise de conteúdo de Bardin, emergindo 04 categorias: Diversos conceitos sobre erros de medicação; Fatores humanos contribuintes ao erro de medicação; Fatores ambientais contribuintes ao erro de medicação e Conhecendo como os fatores contribuintes ao erro podem afetar a segurança do paciente. Para as enfermeiras o erro de medicação significa errar um dos cinco certos na administração de medicamentos (paciente, dose, via, horário e medicamento certo), e este pode acontecer em alguma parte do sistema de medicação. Neste sentido, elas entendem que uma pessoa não pode ser considerada a única responsável pela ocorrência de um erro medicamentoso. Quanto aos fatores contribuintes ao erro de medicação elencaram aqueles relacionados à prescrição medicamentosa (letra ilegível, prescrição da dose e via incorretas), ao próprio profissional de enfermagem (como sobrecarga de trabalho, número reduzido de profissionais e os múltiplos vínculos empregatícios) e ao ambiente de trabalho (ambiente inadequado e estressante; conversas paralelas com os colegas e os ruídos no setor). Na visão das enfermeiras, os fatores contribuintes ao erro podem afetar a segurança do recém-nascido, levando às situações de danos a sua saúde, podendo trazer consequências clínicas e risco de óbito. O estudo aponta a necessidade de se buscar sistemas de medicação mais confiáveis e seguros. Neste sentido, é imprescindível desenvolver e implementar programas de educação centrados nos princípios gerais da segurança do paciente. Além disso, é de suma importância que as políticas públicas de saúde, direcionem ações para o aprimoramento de medidas na segurança do RN, do sistema de medicação e da cultura de segurança. / The management of drug therapy in a neonatal intensive care unit is complex and combines innumerous drugs. In this way, paying attention in the correct preparation and administration of drugs is fundamental in the whole period of assistance to the newborn infants. Therefore, is necessary that the nurses have the understanding of the concept of medication error, in order to be able to identify it as well as the contributing factors for its occurrence. In the presence of what was told, this research had as its aims: to analyze the understanding of the neonatal nurses of the concept of medication error in a neonatal intensive care unit; to apprehend from the perspective of these nurses, which contributing factor could affect the safety of the neonate. Methodology: it is a qualitative research with a descriptive design. The study setting was a neonatal intensive care unit from a university hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The participants were 14 nurses, attending and resident physicians, which operate in the management of drug therapy. For the data collection a semi-structured interview was used, and then analyzed through the content analysis of Bardin, from what 04 categories emerged: different concepts of medication error; human contributing factors to the medication error; environmental contributing factors to the medication error; and understanding how the contributing factors to the medication error can affect the safety of the patient. For the nurses the medication error means making a mistake in one of the five rights in the medication administration (the right patient, the right dose, the right route, the right time, and the right drug), and this can happen in any part of the medication-use process. Thus, they understand that one person cannot be considered the only responsible for the occurrence of a medication error. About the contributing factors to the medication error it was listed those related to the medical prescription (illegible handwriting, dosage prescription, and incorrect route of administration), to the nurses (such as work overload, reduced number of workers and multiple jobs) and to the work environment (unsuitable and stressful environment, casual conversation with the co-workers and noises in the ward). From the nurses perspective the contributing factors to the error can affect the safety of the newborn, causing harm to its health, what could have clinical consequences and risk of death. The study points to the necessity of searching for medication-use processes more reliable and safer. In this way, to develop and to implement educational programs centered on the general principles of patient safety. Moreover, it is extremely important that the public health policies conduct actions for the improvement of measures for the safety of the newborn, the medication-use process, and the safety culture.
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"Conhecimento dos conceitos de erros de medicação, entre auxiliares de enfermagem como fator de segurança do paciente na terapêutica medicamentosa" / Knowledge about medication error concepts among nursing auxiliaries as a patient safety factor in medication therapy.

Jorseli Angela Henriques Coimbra 28 April 2004 (has links)
O preparo e a administração de medicamentos são práticas realizadas no cotidiano pela equipe de enfermagem. Para que haja segurança aos pacientes na utilização dos medicamentos, faz-se necessário que os profissionais envolvidos no sistema de medicação tenham o conhecimento e o entendimento do conceito de erro na medicação de maneira clara, para que possam identificar o erro bem como as situações facilitadoras para sua ocorrência. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o conhecimento dos auxiliares de enfermagem de um hospital de ensino sobre o conceito de erro na medicação antes e após a implantação de uma oficina de capacitação. A pesquisa foi realizada em um hospital universitário situado na Região Noroeste do Estado do Paraná. A amostra foi constituída de 47 auxiliares de enfermagem que estavam regularmente matriculados no curso de formação profissionalizante em técnico de enfermagem e que exerciam a atividade assistencial, tendo a medicação como rotina em sua prática. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa de uma universidade estadual, em conformidade com a Resolução n.º 196/96. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo com delineamento quase-experimental, tendo como referencial teórico a abordagem sistêmica do erro. A coleta dos dados ocorreu em três etapas: 1. pré-teste, 2. desenvolvimento de uma oficina dinâmica de estudos fundamentada na metodologia da problematização, e 3. pós-teste. Os resultados foram agrupados em sete categorias, as quais seguem: 1. comunicação entre a equipe de saúde; 2. cumprimento do horário da administração de medicamentos; 3. execução do procedimento técnico; 4. dispensação e distribuição dos medicamentos; 5. sistemas de medicação; 6. administração de medicamentos propriamente dita e 7. complicações relacionadas aos medicamentos. Os resultados apontaram que os participantes não perceberam o atraso na administração de medicamentos e a falta de monitoramento pós-administração como erro na medicação, demonstrando uma confiança na regra dos cinco certos e pouco conhecimento dos protocolos de preparo e conservação dos fármacos. Constatou-se a existência de situações facilitadoras para a ocorrência de erro no sistema de medicação, destacando-se que o processo de seleção e prescrição tem maior risco de promover um erro e o processo de dispensação e distribuição possui menor possibilidade em desencadear erro na medicação. / The preparation and administration of medication are daily practices carried out by the nursing team. In order to grant safety to patients in medication use, it becomes necessary for professionals involved in the medication system to possess clear knowledge and understanding about the concept of medication error for them to be able to identify the error, as well as the situations that facilitate its occurrence. This study aimed to analyze the knowledge of nursing auxiliaries at a school hospital with respect to the medication error concept before and after the implantation of a training workshop. The research was carried out at a university hospital located in the northwestern region of Paraná, Brazil. The sample consisted of 47 nursing auxiliaries, who were regularly enrolled in a nursing technician professional formation course and active in nursing care, so that medication was part of their routine practice. The research project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee in accordance with Resolution nº 196/96 - CNS. This is a quantitative and exploratory study with quasi-experimental outlines, adopting the systemic error approach as a reference framework. Data collection involved three phases: 1. pre-test, 2. development of a dynamic study workshop based on problem methodology, and 3. post-test. Results were grouped into seven categories as follows: 1. communication among health team members; 2. accomplishment of medication administration time; 3. technical procedure realization; 4. medication dispensation and distribution; 5. medication systems; 6. medication administration in itself and 7. complications related to medication. We highlighted that, according to the results, the participants did not perceive the delay in medication administration and the lack of post-administration monitoring as a medication error, demonstrating excessive trust in the five rights and little knowledge about the preparation and conservation protocols for pharmaceutical products. We observed the existence of situations that facilitate the occurrence of errors in the medication system, emphasizing that the selection and prescription process contains greater risk of leading to error and that a smaller possibility of medication error is contained in the dispensation and distribution process.

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