In certifying the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 the Constitutional Court of the Republic of South Africa emphasised the importance of the notions of intergovernmental relations and co-operative government by inter alia stressing as follows: “The constitutional system chosen by the Constitutional Assembly is one of co-operative government in which the powers of important functional areas are allocated concurrently to the national and provincial spheres of government. This choice, instead of one of competitive federalism which some political parties may have favoured, was a choice which the Constitutional Assembly was entitled to make in terms of the Constitutional principles.” In view of the above, it is evident that co-operative government can be regarded as one of the cornerstones of the new constitutional dispensation in South Africa and that intergovernmental relations can be regarded as a practical instrument for ensuring co-operative government in the delivery of services by the three spheres of government. This study therefore seeks to establish if intergovernmental relations in South Africa, with specific reference to the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality, facilitate the performance of the local sphere of government with a view to help improve the role of intergovernmental relations in facilitating service delivery. In achieving this purpose, a whole range of research methods such as the literature review and policy documents were used to collect data on the subject matter. Relevant data was analysed and was compared with legislative guidelines on the subject matter. The findings and conclusions of the study indicated that: “Intergovernmental relations in South Africa facilitate the performance of the local sphere of government in the delivery of services with specific reference to the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality.” In order to further inculcate a culture of intergovernmental relations in service delivery in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality and local government in general, the management of change and human resources development interventions are recommended. The study further recommends that further research in this discipline should continue as long as political innovation exists. / Thesis (PhD (Public Affairs))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / School of Public Management and Administration (SPMA) / PhD / unrestricted

South Africa is experiencing shortage of resources in most health services, including tertiary hospitals. This leads to a situation where health care workers, especially professional nurses (PNs) leave to private nursing or go abroad for better work conditions. The aim of this study was to explore and describe experiences of PNs on the shortage of resources at a tertiary hospital in Tshwane District. The study followed a qualitative, explorative, descriptive design based on phenomenological interpretive approach. Purposive sample of 16 participants were recruited. Unstructured interviews with a grand tour question was used to conduct face-to-face individual interviews. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. TheTesch’s method of analysis was utilised. Target group was PNs aged between 25 and 65 years who have worked for two or more years in selected units. Experiences of PNs on shortage of resources was reported as the major findings of this study. / Health Studies / M.A. (Nursing Science)

Abstracts in English and Xhosa / Municipality is a sphere of government that is closest to the people and that deals with provision of services to the people of the country on daily basis. Therefore, human resource training is important to grow the skills and knowledge of the employees to improve in service delivery. Training is needed to improve performance and for organisational success. Municipal employees are the face of the government, so their performance is important on how they deliver services to the citizen. Employees in the City of Tshwane Municipality are required to provide effective and efficient, and quality service delivery. A good employee performance is required for effective service delivery, however is not the case in the City of Tshwane Municipality as it displayed by dissatisfaction from the citizen. For instance, of service delivery protests. Training helps and enables the municipal employees to deliver the service better and meet the expectation of citizens. Through training employee performance changes which influences the good service delivery and client’s satisfaction. Ever-changing, rapidly evolving working environment and changes in the needs of citizens, required the City of Tshwane Municipality to have trained and skilled, knowledgeable developed, employee to do the job well and flexible enough to adapt easily and to improve the service delivery. The human resource development is important to ensure that training and development of employees is taking place in the institution. The primary objective of this study seeks to examine whether HRD enhances employee performance in ensuring that service delivery is delivered in an efficient and effective manner. The researcher used qualitative research method to collect data from the City of Tshwane Municipality and questionnaires were used as a tool to collect data. This is qualitative study to get a deeper understanding of how human resource development can enhance employee performance. The main findings drawn from the study indicate that budget cuts and limited funds have a negative impact on training provision. Financial incapability and lack of identifying training needs leads to employees not attending training which in turn affects productivity. For training to continue requires a lot of money, training evaluation and investment specifically budgeted for employee training and development. If employees are not rewarded according to their performance, this leads to low morale and dissatisfaction. The City of Tshwane Municipality (CoT) has a training programme but extensive training is needed on technology especially when it is first introduced. The study recommends that the institution should seek advice and revisit the Skills Development Act, 1998 on increasing the levels of investment in education and training. The institution has to undertake feasibility studies in order to overcome budget. / Iziko ngalinye lidinga abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo, abafanelekileyo nabanezakhono ukuze liqhube imisebenzi yalo. Ukungabikho kophuhliso olusebenzayo lwemithombo yoluntu (iHRD – esi sisishunqulelo sesiNgesi esimele ihuman resource development) kuyayichaphazela indlela abasebenza ngayo abasebenzi kwakunye nokunikezelwa kweenkonzo kwicandelo lemisebenzi yoluntu. Injongo yeHRD kumaziko kukunikezela ngoqeqesho lwabasebenzi oludibene nolwazi, izakhono nesimo sengqondo esidingekayo ukuze abasebenzi bayenze ngcono imisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla. Kuthi kusenjalo ke, kubekho ucutho lohlahlo lwabiwo mali, ukuthotywa kwesabelo senkxaso mali, ukuhambela phambili kobuchwepheshe nokuncipha kwemithombo, ukuze zonke ezo meko zichaphazele kakubi ukulungiselela uqeqesho, ukusebenza kwabaqeshwa, ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo, nto leyo ithetha ukuba uqeqesho aluqhubeki ngokuthe gqolo. Abaqeshwa abaqeqeshiweyo, abaphuhlisiweyo nabanolwazi bawenza ngcono umsebenzi kwaye bayalinceda iqumrhu ukuba lifezekise iinjongo zalo. Icandelo likawonkewonke kwiSebe lemithombo yoluntu lifanele ukutyala imali ethe chatha kuqeqesho, ukwenzela ukuba abasebenzi bakwazi okulindeleke kubo. Injongo engundoqo yesi sifundo kukufumanisa ukuba ingaba iHRD iyakuqinisa na ukusebenza kwabaqeshwa ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo kwenzeka ngendlela esebenzayo nefanelekileyo na. Umphandi usebenzise iindlela zophando ezahlukeneyo ekuqokeleleni iinkcukacha zolwazi kuMasipala weSixeko saseTshwane – ndlela ezo izezokuqwalasela amanani nokuqwalasela ukuzathuza kwabathathi nxaxheba. Izintlu zemibuzo nazo zisetyenzisiwe njengesixhobo sokuqokelela iinkcukacha zolwazi. Okungundoqo okufunyaniswe kwesi sifundo kubonisa ukuba ukucuthwa kwesabelo mali nokunqongophala kwenkxaso mali kube nefuthe elingalunganga ekulungiseleleni uqeqesho. Iingxaki zemali nokungachaneki kakuhle kwezidingo zoqeqesho kukhokelele ekubeni abaqeshwa bangathathi nxaxheba kuqeqesho, nto leyo ichaphazele iziqhamo zomsebenzi. Ukuba ngaba kusafuneka uqeqesho luqhubeke, kudingeka imali eninzi kakhulu, kuvavanywe noqeqesho,kwenziwe utyalo mali olujoliswe ngqo ekuqeqesheni nasekuphuhliseni abasebenzi. Xa abasebezi bengahlawulwa ngokwendlela abasebenza ngayo, oko kukhokela kutyhafo nokunganeliseki kwabasebenzi. UMasipala weSixeko saseTshwane unayo inkqubo yoqeqesho, kodwa kudingeka uqeqesho olumandla kwezobuchwepheshe, ngakumbi xa oku kuqala ukwaziswa. Esi sifundo sicebisa ukuba eli ziko lifune iingcebiso, kwaye liphinde liqwalasele uMthetho Wophuhliso Lwezakhono (iSkills Development Act), yowe-1998, lijonge ekukhuliseni amazinga otyalo mali kwezemfundo noqeqesho. Ngaphaya koko eli ziko kufuneka lenze izifundo zophando lokufaneleka kweenkqubo, ngenjongo yokuhlangabezana nokucuthwa kwesabelo mali, nto leyo iyinxalenye yesi sifundo. / Human Resource Management / M. Admin.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has been used widely across the globe for the purpose of improving the quality of both basic and higher education. Lately, different kinds of technologies, such as smart boards, have been incorporated into the teaching and learning process with the aim to contribute to the effectiveness of teaching and learning outcomes. The main aim of this study was to investigate the integration of smart boards by secondary school teachers in the Tshwane West district (Gauteng province) in their business studies teachings. The study focused on the teachers’ perspectives, the challenges they experienced, and the support they required for the integration of smart boards in the classroom. The study used a qualitative research approach to gather and analyse data. Using a multiple case study design, 5 business studies teachers were purposive sampled based on their experience on the use of smart boards. Both semi-structured interviews and non-participant observations were used to collect evidence. Technological and Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) was used as a framework by which to understand the study. The four pillars of trustworthiness (credibility, transferability, confirmability, and dependability) were applied to ensure trustworthiness of the study results. The ethics guidelines (voluntarily participation, anonymity, confidentiality, and informed consent) were also taken into consideration and applied. The main research question for this study was: How do secondary school teachers integrate smart boards in teaching business studies in the Tshwane West district? The findings suggested that business studies teachers have positive perspectives on the integration of smart boards with the belief that smart boards make their teaching easier and allow them to incorporate a variety of audio and visual material into a lesson. The findings also revealed that teachers face various challenges, such as smart board malfunctioning, computer viruses, and limited time given for the integration of smart boards in the classroom. From the findings, it was clear that teachers had received professional development training on smart board integration, but that the training was inadequate. Despite the challenges that business studies teachers face during the integration of smart boards, the findings of this study indicated that teachers still had an interest in and were willing to integrate smart boards into the classroom. The study recommended that teachers should be provided with sufficient professional development on the integration of smart boards in a business studies classroom, which would improve the level of competency of teachers on smart board integration in the teaching and learning process. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / M. Ed. (Curriculum Studies)

Health practitioners collect health data on a daily basis at health facility levels in order to monitor and evaluate the performance of priority national health programmes (District Health Plan 2012:6). Routine data quality for health programmes monitoring need a collective intervention to ensure clear understanding for what data to be collected at primary health care setting. The aim of the study is to explore the understanding of routine health data, determine the use of routine data and feedback mechanism at primary health care clinic setting. Quantitative descriptive research design was used to answer the research question on this research study. Structured data collection questionnaire was used for the study to accomplish the research purpose and reach the study objectives. A total of 400 participants was sampled, and 247 responded. One of the findings was that the understanding of routine health data by Health Practitioners was at 82.6% (% = f/n*100, f= 3242 and n= 3926). / Health Studies

Health practitioners collect health data on a daily basis at health facility levels in order to monitor and evaluate the performance of priority national health programmes (District Health Plan 2012:6). Routine data quality for health programmes monitoring need a collective intervention to ensure clear understanding for what data to be collected at primary health care setting. The aim of the study is to explore the understanding of routine health data, determine the use of routine data and feedback mechanism at primary health care clinic setting. Quantitative descriptive research design was used to answer the research question on this research study. Structured data collection questionnaire was used for the study to accomplish the research purpose and reach the study objectives. A total of 400 participants was sampled, and 247 responded. One of the findings was that the understanding of routine health data by Health Practitioners was at 82.6% (% = f/n*100, f= 3242 and n= 3926). / Health Studies

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of School Management Teams (SMTs) in implementing and managing anti-bullying policies in public high schools in the Tshwane South District of the Gauteng Province. This study was prompted by the global concern about bullying in schools and the need for schools to create safe spaces for learning. While the literature regarding bullying is substantial and much literature points to the need for sound anti-bullying policies to curb bullying, bullying is still rampant in many South African Schools. In this study, a qualitative approach was taken to explore SMTs implementation and management of anti-bullying policies in high schools in the Tshwane South District. Interview schedules and a measurement rubric were used as research tools for gathering data to analyse the experiences of the SMTs in managing bullying through anti-bullying policies. / Educational Management and Leadership / M. Ed. (Education Management)

Abstract in English, Xhosa and Afrikaans / In South Africa, the number of households owning private cars has increased from 22.9% in 2003 to 28.5% in 2013. The City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality (City of Tshwane) in South Africa had the largest increase in population that was using private cars between 2003 and 2013 of approximately 11.3%; hence, a need was identified to shift from private cars to sustainable modes of transport. The purpose of this study was to develop guidelines for sustainable urban transport. Geographical location was used for quota sampling to ensure that all seven regions of the Tshwane municipal area would be represented. The sample size of the study comprised 418 participants. The primary data were gathered in Tshwane during the month of August 2017 using a structured questionnaire. The Likert scale was employed to ascertain the public's attitudes towards sustainable urban transport. Descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. The results revealed that the private car is the most frequently used mode of transport in the City of Tshwane. The results further indicated that the majority of the residents of the City of Tshwane had a negative attitude towards sustainable transport modes, which was attributed to safety, reliability and convenience concerns. Regions 4 and 6 differed statistically and significantly from region 5 regarding their opinions on the safety and comfort of private cars. In order to promote sustainable transportation, it is recommended that the City of Tshwane implement transport initiatives that can improve the service quality and safety features of sustainable transport modes. Each region of the City of Tshwane made specific recommendations that were based on the results of the study. The findings of this study provide insights that can be useful to the city planners to secure sustainable urban transportation for the City of Tshwane. Future research could investigate the feasibility of public bicycle rental programmes in the City of Tshwane. / EMzantsi Afrika, inani lamakhaya aneenqwelo mafutha landile ukusukela kuma-22.9% ngonyaka wama-2003 ukuya kuma-28.5% ngowama-2013. Umasipala Wesixeko Esimbaxa saseTshwane (Isixeko saseTshwane) eMzantsi Afrika ube nelona nani lamakhaya asebenzisa iimoto zabucala elande ngaphezu kwabo bonke abanye ooMasipala phakathi kowama-2003 nama-2013, landa ngesithuba se-11.3%. Le nto idale isidingo sokushenxa kwisimbo sokusebenzisa iimoto zabucala, ukuze kusetyenziwe ezinye iindlela zokuhamba eziya kuhlala zihleli. Injongo yesi sifundo kukuvelisa isikhokelo seendlela zokuhamba eziya kuhlala zihleli kwimimandla yasezidolophini. Ekukhetheni abathathi nxaxheba, kwasetyenziswa indawo abahlala kuyo abantu, ukuqinisekisa ukuba zosixhenxe iingingqi zomasipala waseTshwane zinabameli. Ubukhulu besampulu yaba ngabathathi nxaxheba abangama-418. Iinkcukacha zolwazi ezingundoqo zaqokelelwa eTshwane ngenyanga yeThupha kowama-2017, kwaye kwasetyenziswa uluhlu lwemibuzo ecwangcisiweyo. Kwasetyenziswa isikali esaziwa ngokuba yiLikert scale ekufumaniseni izimvo zoluntu jikelele ngeendlela zokuhamba eziya kuhlala zihleli kwimimandla yasezidolophini. Iinkcukacha zolwazi (idata) zahlelwa ngokusebenzisa indlela yamanani okucacisa iipatheni zezimvo zoluntu (descriptive statistics), indlela yokufumana iimpawu eziphambili kulwazi olufunyenweyo (exploratory factor analysis) nendlela yokungqinisisa izimvo ebezifudula zikho ngaphambi kophando (inferential statistics). Iziphumo zophando zadiza ukuba ukusebenzisa imoto yabucala yeyona ndlela yokuhamba esetyenziswa kakhulu kwisixeko saseTshwane. Ezi ziphumo zaphinda zabonisa ukuba uninzi lwabahlali besixeko saseTshwane abazithandi iindlela zokuhamba zikawonkewonke ngenxa yokungabikho kokhuseleko, ukuthembeka nokuba luncedo. Ingingqi yesi-4 neyesi-6 zahlukana kakhulu nengingqi yesi-5 ngokwamanani, malunga nezimvo ezingokhuseleko nokuhlala ntofontofo kwiimoto zabucala. Ukuze kukhuthazwe iindlela zokuhamba zikawonkewonke eziya kuhlala zihleli kucetyiswa ukuba Isixeko saseTshwane senze amalinge okuthutha abantu anokuphucula ukunikezelwa kwenkonzo yothutho, iphucule nokhuseleko. Ingingqi nganye yesixeko saseTshwane yenza iingcebiso ezathi zafakwa kwiziphumo zesifundo. Okufunyaniswe kwesi sifundo kunika iimbono ezinokuba luncedo kubacebi nabalungiseleli besixeko ekuveliseni iindlela zothutho eziya kuhlala zihleli kwisixeko saseTshwane. Uphando oluzayo lusenokuphanda ngokusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zokuqeshisa ngeebhayisikili kwisixeko sase Tshwane. / Die aantal huishoudings in Suid-Afrika wat private motors besit, neem van 22.9% in 2003 tot 28.5% in 2013 toe. In die Stad Tshwane- Metropolitaanse Munisipaliteit (Stad Tshwane) in Suid-Afrika toon die aantal inwoners wat private motors tussen 2003 en 2013 gebruik, die grootste toename van nagenoeg 11.3%. Daar word op grond hiervan ’n behoefte geïdentifiseer om van die gebruik van private motors weg te beweeg na volhoubare vervoerwyses. Die doel van hierdie studie is om riglyne vir volhoubare stedelike vervoer te ontwikkel. Geografiese ligging is vir die kwotasteekproefneming gebruik om te verseker dat al sewe streke van die Tshwane- munisipale gebied verteenwoordig word. Vir die steekproef wat vir die studie geneem word, word 418 deelnemers gebruik. Die primêre data word met behulp van ’n gestruktureerde vraelys in die loop van Augustus 2017 in Tshwane ingesamel. Die publiek se houdings jeens volhoubare stedelike vervoer word aan die hand van die Likert-skaal vasgestel. Beskrywende statistiek, verkennendefaktor-ontleding en inferensiële statistiek word gebruik om die data te ontleed. Dit blyk uit die resultate dat die private motor die vervoerwyse is wat die gereeldste in die Stad Tshwane gebruik word. In die resultate word verder aangedui dat die meerderheid inwoners van die Stad Tshwane ’n negatiewe houding teenoor volhoubare vervoerwyses het, wat toegeskryf word aan kwessies van veiligheid, betroubaarheid en gerief. Streek 4 en 6 verskil statisties aansienlik van streek 5 betreffende hul menings oor die veiligheid en gemak van private motors. Om volhoubare vervoer te bevorder, word aanbeveel dat die Stad Tshwane vervoerinisiatiewe implementeer wat die diensgehalte en veiligheidskenmerke van volhoubare vervoerwyses kan verbeter. Elke streek van die Stad Tshwane het vorendag gekom met spesifieke voorstelle wat by die resultate ingesluit is. Die bevindinge van hierdie studie bied insigte wat bruikbaar vir stadsbeplanners kan wees om volhoubare stedelike vervoer in die Stad Tshwane moontlik te maak. Die uitvoerbaarheid van openbare fietshuurprogramme in die Stad Tshwane kan in toekomstige navorsing ondersoek word. / Transport Economics, Logistics and Tourism / M. Com. (Transport Economics)

The study investigated the pedagogical impact of the use of smart classrooms by Grade 11 secondary teachers to facilitate the teaching and learning in the Tshwane South District. The lens used to understand this study’s problem was Technological, Pedagogical and Content Knowledge. The researcher used the interpretivist paradigm and a qualitative approach was applied. A multiple case study research design was also employed. Five secondary schools were used from which to collect data. The instruments used to collect data were semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation and document analysis. The population comprised Grade 11 secondary teachers. The ten participants were purposively sampled on basis that they taught Grade 11 classes using smart classrooms on daily basis. Ethical considerations were maintained by ensuring anonymity, voluntary participation, informed consent and confidentiality. Data collected were analysed using thematic analysis. The data were coded and organised into descriptive themes. Trustworthiness in the study was maintained through credibility and transferability. The results revealed that the introduction of smart classroom have a predominantly positive impact on the pedagogy in education and teachers are enjoying the new era in education. The findings of the individual semi-structured interviews reflect that the participants of this study used smart technology in their daily teaching. The findings also revealed that smart technology is useful, important and effective in the teaching and learning process. The findings of the non-participant observation revealed that participants showed varied degrees of mastery of Technological knowledge, Technological Content Knowledge and Technological Pedagogical Knowledge. Some participants were well conversant with navigation of the smart board. They could use the tools and icons on the smart board throughout the lessons. The findings of the document analysis revealed that the five schools had an ICT file and the table of contents of these files were spelt out clearly. Every school had a policy on ICT integration and implementation. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / M. Ed. (Curriculum studies)

The purpose of the study is to evaluate practices and operations of Community Police Forums and their sub-structures in Tshwane. This includes various approaches that are used to implement and manage the operations of Community Police Forums and their sub-structures. This research is designed to determine different operational approaches that are used by the Community Police Forums and their sub-structures to curb the criminal activities including those of their respective members. The qualitative research method was utilised for this study, achieving stated research objectives and answering the research questions. The population in the study included members of the South African Police Service and Community Police Forums in Tshwane District, as well as officials in the Directorate Community Police Relations within the Gauteng Department of Community Safety. The study revealed that Community Police Forums and their sub-structures are essential in the reduction of crime and they can be used as force multipliers to the South African Police Service. It also shows that there are legislative framework that Community Police Forums and their sub-structures are supposed to function under and adhere to. Monitoring mechanisms are in place to ensure that these structures function within the stipulated framework. Therefore, based on these findings, recommendations were made on practices and operations of Community Police Forums and their sub-structures. / Criminology and Security Science / M.A. (Criminal Justice)