Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 82). Also available via the Internet.

Master of Science / Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering / Stacy Hutchinson / Military land management is vital to the future health and usability of maneuver training areas. As land disturbance increases, runoff from the area also increases and may create significant erosion potential. Determining the relationship between what is safe training versus what is harmful to the environment can be done by determining runoff potential at different disturbance percentages given different training intensities. Various studies have shown that soil density, soil structure, plant biodiversity, animal biodiversity, and many other essential ecosystem factors are greatly damaged by continuous training. These ecosystem factors influence runoff amounts and likewise erosion potential in that area. The primary factor examined in this study was the Curve Number (CN). Since military procedures do not have predefined CNs, representative CNs were created based off of CNs for agricultural use and supplemental research about training impacts on the land. Training intensity was broken into four classes: undisturbed, light use, moderate use, and heavy use. Five sample watersheds on Fort Riley were used as replications for the study. Disturbance intensity indexes were broken into 10% increments, and changes in runoff amount and peak rate modeled with TR-55. Statistical analysis was done comparing watersheds, training intensities and disturbance percentages for different storm magnitudes to assess statistically significance of changes in runoff amount and peak rate. This analysis showed that runoff amount and rate were both significantly impacted at every 10% increase on disturbance percentage. Results also showed that at the lower disturbance percentage (less than 30%), runoff amount and rate were not significantly impacted by training use classes. From this it can be seen that even with very little training done to the land increased erosion can be expected.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Texas at El Paso, 2007. / Title from title screen. Vita. CD-ROM. Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.

Formation movement is vital to preserve security among its units during military operations. We plan movement of a military formation over real, or simulated terrain, maximally preserving the relative positions of units in formation while it avoids barriers, and while its units avoid obstacles. Terrain is divided into homogeneous cells (say, squares), and a pair of neighboring cells is adjacent if the formation can transit between these cells while avoiding barriers with sufficient clearance. We induce a graph from these adjacencies, and determine the movement cost on each arc with a fine time-step simulation that finds local movement vectors to preserve relative formation position while avoiding approach too close to barriers or obstacles (this emulates solving differential equations with Euler's method). We then nominate an origin and a destination, select a shortest path, and repeat the time-step simulation over this path to determine the individual positions of each unit as the formation makes its transit. Game designers and robot controllers have published schemes to guide formation movement, but their movements can penetrate barriers, and myopically get caught in cul-de-sacs. By contrast, we guarantee that if a path exists that avoids these pitfalls, we will find it.

Under våren 2005 fastställs doktrinen för markoperationer i den svenska Försvarsmakten.Doktrinen bygger på manövertänkandet, något som rimligen bör påverka hur armén bedriverförbandsövningar. För att kunna införa en ny doktrin krävs att den efterlevs, prövas ochutvärderas, inte minst för att kunna utveckla densamma. Det är förhållandevis enkelt att rentintellektuellt bekänna sig till de teorier om manöverkrigföring som doktrinen bygger på, det ärdesto svårare att tillämpa manöverkrigföringens principer och att skapa förbandsövningar som gördet möjligt att tillämpa dem. Problemet som studeras i denna uppsats är således följande:Återspeglas manöverkrigföringskonceptet i arméns slutövning (RSÖ-04 Dubbeleken)?Mitt påstående är att armén under RSÖ-04 inte övar manöverkrigföring i den utsträckning somkrävs för att kunna införa och utveckla manövertänkandet inom armén.Syftet med uppsatsen är att kartlägga förekomsten av manöverkrigföringskonceptets centraladelar, läs principer, i arméns slutövning (RSÖ-04). Som underordnat syfte finns att ta framindikatorer på manöverkrigföring.Analysen visar att manöverkrigföringskonceptet inte har återspeglats i RSÖ-04 i de flestaavseenden och att mitt påstående har kunnat verifierats. / The issue that has been studied in this essay is, whether the concept of maneuver warfare isreflected in one of the Swedish Army live exercises (LIVEX) called RSÖ-04“Dubbeleken”.My hypothesis is that the Swedish Army does not practise maneuver warfare during RSÖ-04 “Dubbeleken” to the extent where the thoughts about maneuver warfare can beimplemented and developed within the army.The main purpose of this essay has been to measure the occurrence of the maneuverwarfare concept in LIVEX RSÖ-04 “Dubbeleken”. The secondary purpose has been todevelop indicators to measure maneuver warfare.In order to fulfill the main purpose for this composition, my first step was to developindicators for maneuver warfare, in order to be able to measure to what extent maneuverwarfare has been practiced or in what way conditions were set to enable the units topractise maneuver warfare. The method for this was to study five different militaryauthors’ views about what is significant for maneuver warfare at the tactical level througha qualitative textual analysis. The result from the qualitative textual analysis was fourindicators for maneuver warfare and one indicator for how to train maneuver warfare:• Decentralized command and mission tactics• Surfaces and gaps• Surprise and deception• Focus of effort and combined arms• Free play exercise with an active, reactive opposing force. (Indicator for training.)My second step was to measure the occurrence of a maneuver warfare concept through acase study of the exercise RSÖ-04 “Dubbeleken”. The method for this was to analyze theexercise by using the 5 indicators.The essay shows that the occurrence of a maneuver warfare concept was very low duringthe exercise studied, even though the exercise director stressed that maneuver warfare wasto be exercised. The reason for this is mainly because the necessary conditions to practicemaneuver warfare didn’t exist during the exercise.In the light of this, my hypothesis that the Swedish Army does not practice maneuverwarfare to the extent where the thoughts about maneuver warfare can be implemented anddeveloped within the army has been verified.The issue which has been studied, that is to say, whether the concept of maneuver warfareis reflected in the LIVEX studied, has been answered by a;No, not when it comes to all aspects.With this in mind, in the last part of the composition, I’ve reflected upon how the armyshould conduct their exercises in the future in order to be able to practise maneuverwarfare. / Avdelning: ALB - Slutet Mag 3 C-upps.Hylla: Upps. ChP 03-05

Uppsatsen syftar till att analysera marinens övningsverksamhet inom ramen för en marin insatsstyrka i enlighet med Försvarsmaktens målbild 2010. Den övergripande frågeställningen är om dagens marina nationella övningar helt eller delvis kan ersättas av internationella övningar. Tre förband som kan tänkas ingå i en marin insatsstyrka, ytstridsförband, minröjningsförband och amfibieförband, analyseras utifrån kraven på förmåga till väpnad strid, i enlighet med förbandens TOEM, dvs Taktisk, Organisatorisk och Ekonomisk Målsättning. Väpnad strid är ett omfattande begrepp och i uppsatsen diskuteras endast stridens tre klassiska grundelement; eld, rörelse och skydd. Uppsatsen består av tre huvuddelar, varav den första delen beskriver förbanden och miljön de skall verka i samt en redogörelse av de krav på förmågor som ställs i TOEM. I den andra delen beskrivs och analyseras ett urval av nationella och internationella övningar, i syfte att påvisa i vilken omfattning väpnad strid övas. Tredje delen utgörs av författarens slutsatser. Uppsatsen visar att tonvikten, i princip i samtliga övningar, inte ligger på väpnad strid utan på interoperabilitet och förmågan att kunna agera i ett internationellt sammanhang, t ex vid Peace Support Operations. Väpnad strid i sammansatta förband övas i huvudsak vid taktiska tillämpade- och momentövningar, vilket i stort sätt endast genomförs nationellt. Denna uppsats ger belägg för att våra nationella sammansatta övningar, vare sig delvis eller helt, kan ersättas av internationella övningar. / Avdelning: ALB - Slutet Mag 3 C-upps.Hylla: Upps. ChP 99-01

Thesis (M.A.)--Texas State University--San Marcos, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 118-121). Also available on microfilm.

Thesis (M.S. in Operations Research)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2005. / Thesis Advisor(s): Gerald G. Brown. Includes bibliographical references (p. 39). Also available online.

During January 1986 - September 1988 I studied the behavioral and demographic responses of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) to military activity on the Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site in southeastern Colorado. Military training was initiated on the site during August 1985 and recurred approximately 3 times yearly for periods of a month. During a maneuver, 3/7 of the site was used for training in accordance with a rotational land use schedule. I radio-collared fifty adult deer and 49 fawns. Female seasonal home ranges were larger in maneuver than non maneuver areas. During the nonsummer period female home ranges were larger in previous-maneuver than non maneuver areas. Fawn summer home ranges were larger in maneuver than previous-maneuver areas. Male home range sizes differed only for 50% harmonic mean transformation annual home ranges; bucks in maneuver areas had larger home ranges than in non maneuver areas. Female deer in maneuver areas exhibited significant home area shifts between pre maneuver and maneuver periods more frequently (40%) than did deer in non maneuver (control) areas (12.5%). Mule deer in military training areas may have responded to human harassment, alteration of security cover, or destruction of the forage base. I suggest that deer may exhibit a more negative response to unpredictable than predictable disturbances. Demographic data were compared to previous baseline data (1983-1984). Buck annual survival rates did not differ during 1983-1988; doe annual survival rates also were similar during this period. Summer fawn survival differed only between 1984 and 1987, being higher in 1987. All fawn mortalities either were caused or scavenged by coyotes (Canis latrans). Pregnancy rates and fawn production ranged from 88-96% and 1.4-1.7 fawns/doe, respectively. Also, fawn:doe ratios were similar during 1983-1988. Although population estimates increased between 1984 and early 1988, the population declined during late 1888. Two important confounding factors existed on the site during 1983-1988 which make it difficult to assess the effect of military activity on mule deer demographics. First, extensive cattle grazing occurred prior to acquisition of the site and continued through most of the baseline study. Secondly, coyote control was conducted during 1987-1988. These factors may have allowed the deer population to perform better under disturbance conditions. Aerial quadrat sampling was preferred over line transect sampling for censusing mule deer in low density pinyon-juniper (Pinus edulis-Juniperus monosperma) habitat. Management recommendations included training restrictions during fawning season and in severe winters, as well as revegetating disturbed areas. / Master of Science

In the past two decades policy assisting computer models have made a tremendous impact in the analysis of national security issues and the analysis of problems in various government affairs. SURMAN (Survivability Management) is a policy assisting model that has been developed for use in national security planning. It is a large scale model formulated using the system dynamics approach of treating a problem in its entirety rather than in parts. In this thesis, an encapsulation of SURMAN is attempted so as to sharpen and focus its ability to perform policy/design evaluation. It is also aimed to make SURMAN more accessible to potential users and to provide a simple tool to the decision makers without having to resort to the mainframe computers. To achieve these objectives a personal/microcomputer version of SURMAN (PC SURMAN) and a series of curves relating inputs to outputs are developed. PC SURMAN reduces the complexity of SURMAN by dealing with generic aircraft. It details the essential survivability management parameters and their causal relationships through the life-cycle of aircraft systems. The model strives to link the decision parameters (inputs) to the measures of effectiveness (outputs). The principal decision variables identified are survivability, availability, and inventory of the aircraft system. The measures of effectiveness identified are the Increase Payload Delivered to Target Per Loss (ITDPL), Cost Elasticity of Targets Destroyed Per Loss (CETDPL), Combat Value Ratio (COMVR), Kill to Loss Ratio (KLR), and Decreased Program Life-Cycle Cost (DPLCC). The model provides an opportunity for trading off decision parameters. The trading off of survivability enhancement techniques and the defense budget allocation parameters for selecting those techniques/parameters with higher benefits and lower penalties are discussed. The information relating inputs to outputs for the tradeoff analysis is presented graphically using curves derived from experimentally designed computer runs. / M.S.