Submitted by Tatiana Lima (tatianasl@ufba.br) on 2017-02-07T19:09:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Aquino, Saulo Brandão de.pdf: 1750583 bytes, checksum: da7801133d640b33499fc9dabd4b7d37 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lima (tatianasl@ufba.br) on 2017-02-15T19:10:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Aquino, Saulo Brandão de.pdf: 1750583 bytes, checksum: da7801133d640b33499fc9dabd4b7d37 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-15T19:10:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aquino, Saulo Brandão de.pdf: 1750583 bytes, checksum: da7801133d640b33499fc9dabd4b7d37 (MD5) / Esta dissertação trata da investigação da internacionalização em um ambiente universitário brasileiro, baseada em três dimensões: aspectos institucionais, mobilidade acadêmica e cenário externo. Para tanto, foi feito um estudo de caso da Universidade Federal da Bahia a fim de se obter dados que pudessem ajudar a explicar o panorama atual da internacionalização. Ao longo da pesquisa foram explorados temas como benefícios, características, críticas e desafios para a internacionalização em universidades brasileiras. Para auxiliar a pesquisa deste estudo de caso, foram definidos 25 indicadores a serem investigados direta ou indiretamente durante o estudo. Devido à complexidade deste estudo, diversos tipos de dados foram coletados para entender o nível de internacionalização da UFBA, tais como processos, documentos oficiais, organogramas, indicadores de mobilidade acadêmica e rankings internacionais. Esta pesquisa não se limitou a fazer uma análise interna, mas procurou realizar comparativos com outras universidades do mesmo estado, do Brasil e do mundo. Para os comparativos internacionais, foi adotado o Times Higher Education (THE) como ranking de referência. Para complementar o entendimento do panorama desta universidade, foram realizadas entrevistas com setores fundamentais para a viabilização da internacionalização. / This research is aimed to investigate the internationalization in a typical Brazilian university environment based on three dimensions: institutional aspects, academic mobility and external scenario. The Federal University of Bahia was chosen to be analyzed in a case of study in order to obtain data that could help explain the current situation of internationalization of this university. During this research some topics were explored such as benefits,characteristics, reviews and challenges for internationalization in Brazilian universities. To assist research of this case study, 25 indicators were defined to be investigated directly or indirectly during this study. Due to the investigation’s complexity, various types of data were collected to understand the level of internationalization of UFBA, such as processes, organization charts, academic mobility indicators and international rankings. This research was not limited to make an internal analysis, but also sought to make comparative to other universities in Brazil and worldwide. For international comparisons, it was adopted the Times Higher Education (THE) as the reference ranking. In addition to the understanding of this university’s overview, some interviews were conducted with key sectors for the viability of internationalization.

Cette thèse s'intéresse à l'ampleur et aux déterminants de la mobilité socio-économique intergénérationnelle. Nous nous intéressons d'abord à la transmission des revenus de pères en fils en Allemagne, en traitant soigneusement la question des biais d'estimation. Cependant, cette approche ne tient pas compte de tous les facteurs du milieu socio-économique d'un individu affectant sa réussite future. Nous considérons ensuite des corrélations au sein de fratries, comme indicateur plus large de toutes les influences familiales, d'abord en France, pour l'éducation, la profession et les revenus. Nous réalisons également une étude comparative des corrélations de revenus entre frères en France et en Suède, afin d'évaluer l'impact sur l'estimation de l'absence d'information sur les revenus permanents et de l'utilisation alternative de mesures prédites. Enfin, nous abordons la question des mécanismes sous-jacents à la transmission des inégalités. Nous explorons ainsi la possibilité d'utiliser les événements de mai 1968 en France comme expérience naturelle pour identifier et mesurer le lien causal entre éducation des parents et des enfants. / This thesis investigates the extent and determinants of the intergenerational socioeconomic mobility. We first investigate the earnings transmission from fathers to sons in Germany, carefully addressing the question of biases in the estimation. However, this approach fails at taking account of all factors from the socioeconomic background of an individual affecting future success in life. We then consider sibling correlations as a broader indicator of all family influences, first in France, for education, profession and earnings. We also conduct a comparative study of the brother earnings correlation in France and Sweden to assess the impact on the estimation of the lack of information about permanent earnings and the use of predicted measures instead. Finally, we address the question of the mechanisms underlying the transmission of inequality. We thus explore the possibility to use the events of May 1968 in France as a natural experiment to identify and measure the causal link between parental and children's education.

A manutenção da qualidade de vida e da independência dos idosos está diretamente relacionada com a funcionalidade, a qual depende da estrutura e função do sistema musculoesquelético. Entender a relação entre parâmetros musculares e a funcionalidade em idosos possibilita delinear programas de treinamento adequados para prolongar a independência funcional dessa população. Nesse sentido, estudos mostram que o treinamento de força leva a ganhos de estrutura e função muscular, e de funcionalidade. Tarefas funcionais são realizadas utilizando diferentes tipos de contrações musculares. Porém, na literatura não há um consenso sobre a relação entre os parâmetros musculares e a funcionalidade em idosos, nem os efeitos de treinamentos de força utilizando diferentes tipos de contrações sobre a estrutura e função musculares, e a funcionalidade. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivos (1) identificar quais parâmetros estruturais e de função muscular de membros inferiores apresentam melhor relação e podem explicar o desempenho em tarefas funcionais; (2) revisar sistematicamente a literatura quanto aos efeitos de treinos com diferentes tipos de contrações para idosos; e (3) investigar os efeitos de um treinamento de força concêntrico versus um treinamento concêntrico-excêntrico para a musculatura flexora e extensora do joelho sobre parâmetros de estrutura e função muscular e funcionalidade de homens idosos. Para atingir esses objetivos, a presente tese foi dividida em quatro capítulos. No Capítulo 1, verificou-se a relação entre parâmetros de estrutura e função muscular de membros inferiores (arquitetura muscular, eco intensidade e força isométrica) e parâmetros funcionais (testes Timed Up and Go e sentar-e-levantar, marcha no solo e marcha com transposição de obstáculo em velocidade preferida e máxima). No Capítulo 2, investigou-se parâmetros estruturais e de função muscular de flexores e extensores de joelho (torque isométrico, concêntrico e excêntrico, potência, taxa de produção de força, eco intensidade e arquitetura muscular), considerando, assim, além dos parâmetros investigados no Capítulo 1, parâmetros de força dinâmica e os relacionando com diferentes testes funcionais (sentar-e-levantar, Timed Up and Go, equilíbrio, velocidade de marcha, caminhada de seis minutos, subida e descida de degraus e salto vertical). Os principais achados desses estudos demonstram que a estrutura dos músculos vasto lateral e tibial anterior, e o torque concêntrico de extensores de joelho foram os parâmetros com melhor relação com a funcionalidade. Para verificar a influência do treino de força com diferentes tipos de contração sobre parâmetros de estrutura e função muscular e funcionalidade, no Capítulo 3 realizou-se uma revisão sistemática de estudos envolvendo treinamento de força isocinética para membros inferiores em idosos. Verificamos que tanto o treino de força concêntrico quanto o excêntrico apresentam efeitos positivos sobre a função muscular e a funcionalidade. Porém, a capacidade funcional foi investigada em apenas um estudo, e a estrutura muscular em nenhum deles. Além disso, nenhum dos estudos realizou um treino combinando diferentes tipos de contração, o que poderia ser mais benéfico para os idosos. Portanto, no Capítulo 4 são apresentados dados preliminares do estudo envolvendo treinamento de força para homens idosos, onde um grupo realizou treinamento exclusivamente concêntrico e outro treino concêntrico-excêntrico para flexores e extensores de joelho. Os indivíduos foram avaliados quanto aos mesmos parâmetros do Capítulo 2 em três momentos: basal, duas semanas após a avaliação basal e ao final do treinamento. Os dados preliminares demonstram que ambos os grupos de treino apresentaram ganhos tanto musculares quanto funcionais após o treinamento. / Aging with quality of life is the biggest challenge for the elderly. Quality of life and independence maintenance are directly related to functionality, which depends on the musculoskeletal system structure and function. Understanding the relationship between muscular parameters and functionality in the elderly allows designing appropriate training programs to prolong this population’s functional independence. In this sense, studies show that the strength training lead to muscle structure and function and functionality gains. Functional tasks are performed utilizing different types of muscle contraction. However, there is no a consensus in the literature considering the relationship between muscle parameters and functionality in the elderly, nor considering the effects of strength trainings utilizing different contraction types on muscle’s structure and function, and on functionality. Thus, the present study had as objectives (1) to identify which lower limbs structural and muscular function parameters present better relation and can explain performance in functional tasks, (2) systematically review the literature about the effects of trainings with different contraction types for older subjects, and (3) to investigate the effects of concentric strength training versus concentric-eccentric training for knee flexors and extensors muscles on parameters of muscle structure and function and functionality in the elderly. To achieve these objectives, this thesis was divided into four chapters. In Chapter 1, the relationship between structural parameters and lower limb muscle function (muscular architecture, echo intensity and isometric strength) and functional parameters (Timed Up and Go and sit-to-stand tests, gait with and without obstacles at the preferred and maximum speed) was verified. In Chapter 2, the relationship between knee flexors and extensors structural parameters and muscle function (isometric, concentric and eccentric torque, power, rate of force production, echo intensity and muscular architecture) and functionality (sit-to-stand, Timed Up and Go, balance, walking speed, six-minute walk test, stair ascent and descent, and vertical jump) was investigated, considering, in addition to the parameters investigated in the Chapter 1, parameters of dynamic strength. The main findings demonstrate that the vastus lateralis and tibialis anterior muscles structure, and the knee extensor concentric torque were the parameters with better relation with functionality. In order to verify the influence of the strength training with different types of contractions on parameters of structure and muscular function and functionality, a systematic review of studies involving lower limb strength training in the elderly, performed on isokinetic dynamometers, was carried out in Chapter 3. We found that both concentric and eccentric strength training have positive effects on muscle function and functionality. However, functional capacity was investigated in only one study, while muscle structure in none of them. In addition, no studies performed a strength training combining different types of contraction, which could be more beneficial for older individuals. Therefore, Chapter 4 presents preliminary data from the study involving strength training for elderly men where one group performed exclusively concentric training and another concentric-eccentric training for knee flexors and extensors. Subjects were assessed for the same parameters of Chapter 2 at three different times: baseline, two weeks after baseline assessment and after training. Preliminary results indicate that both groups presented muscular and functional gains after the training period.

This thesis is an intimate portrait of kinship, personhood, and social mobility in the central Philippines. Through the story of a sibling set that came of age after the Second World War, their kin, and neighbours, it explores why and how upward mobility was aspired for, its consequences, and the ways in which such an achievement are recalled and narrated. The chapters examine the manifold and, at times, contradictory emotions that surrounded journeys of social mobility, whilst historicising the very selves and relations within which such narratives and emotions become embedded. Central to this account is siblingship, as viewed from later life, and in relation to filiation, the pursuit of personal autonomy through gendered educational and professional fields, and marriage and family formation. Although expectations of solidarity and life-long, and even transgenerational, support saturated ties of siblingship, conflicts between siblings were also deemed unsurprising, especially in adulthood, after marriage, and most especially, after the death of their parents. Whilst solidarity amongst siblings was seen as fundamental to achieving middle-classness, the pursuit of upward mobility in some cases heightened the potential for hierarchy, inequality, gendered differences, and enmity implied by siblingship, whilst mitigating and reversing it in others. Upward mobility had implications too for the succeeding generation, as conflicts and unequal life chances were passed on by parents to their children, sibling set sizes became smaller, and cousins became geographically distant from one another. Rooted in the anthropology of Southeast Asia and the Philippines, this thesis speaks to broader concerns about how kinship and personhood unfold and are transformed over time, how persons and their relations reflect, absorb, and refract broader societal shifts, and how seemingly ordinary, intimate, and private aspects of life have wider reverberations.

abstract: Background: Heart failure is the leading cause of hospitalization in older adults and has the highest 30-day readmission rate of all diagnoses. An estimated 30 to 60 percent of older adults lose some degree of physical function in the course of an acute hospital stay. Few studies have addressed the role of posture and mobility in contributing to, or improving, physical function in older hospitalized adults. No study to date that we are aware of has addressed this in the older heart failure population. Purpose: To investigate the predictive value of mobility during a hospital stay and patterns of mobility during the month following discharge on hospital readmission and 30-day changes in functional status in older heart failure patients. Methods: This was a prospective observational study of 21 older (ages 60+) patients admitted with a primary diagnosis of heart failure. Patients wore two inclinometric accelerometers (rib area and thigh) to record posture and an accelerometer placed at the ankle to record ambulatory activity. Patients wore all sensors continuously during hospitalization and the ankle accelerometer for 30 days after hospital discharge. Function was assessed in all patients the day after hospital discharge and again at 30 days post-discharge. Results: Five patients (23.8%) were readmitted within the 30 day post-discharge period. None of the hospital or post-discharge mobility measures were associated with readmission after adjustment for covariates. Higher percent lying time in the hospital was associated with slower Timed Up and Go (TUG) time (b = .08, p = .01) and poorer hand grip strength (b = -13.94, p = .02) at 30 days post-discharge. Higher daily stepping activity during the 30 day post-discharge period was marginally associated with improvements in SPPB scores at 30 days (b = <.001, p = .06). Conclusion: For older heart failure patients, increased time lying while hospitalized is associated with slower walking time and poor hand grip strength 30 days after discharge. Higher daily stepping after discharge may be associated with improvements in physical function at 30 days. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Exercise and Wellness 2015

abstract: This ethnography follows mobile trajectories on roads in Nairobi to investigate how the transformation of transport infrastructure has affected people’s everyday mobility. I follow diverse mobile actors, including pedestrians, handcart (mkokoteni) workers, and minibus (matatu) operators, whose practices and ideas of moving are central to understand the city’s ordinary mobility. I also situate their everyday ways of moving in the rules, plans and ideas of regulators, such as government officials, engineers and international experts, who focus on decongesting roads and attempt to reshape Nairobi’s better urban mobility. Despite official and popular aspirations for building new roads and other public transport infrastructure, I argue that many mobile actors still pursue and struggle with preexisting and non-motorized means and notions of moving that are not reflected in the promise of and plans for better mobility. This ethnography also reveals how certain important forms of ordinary mobility have been socially marginalized. It explores what kinds of difficulties are created when the infrastructural blueprints of road “experts” and the notions that politicians promote about a new urban African mobility fail to match the reality of everyday road use by the great majority of Nairobi residents. By employing mobile participant observation of the practices of moving, this study also finds important ethnographic implications and suggestions for the study of mobile subjects in an African city where old and new forms of mobility collide. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Anthropology 2016

abstract: Factors that explain human mobility and active transportation include built environment and infrastructure features, though few studies incorporate specific geographic detail into examinations of mobility. Little is understood, for example, about the specific paths people take in urban areas or the influence of neighborhoods on their activity. Detailed analysis of human activity has been limited by the sampling strategies employed by conventional data sources. New crowdsourced datasets, or data gathered from smartphone applications, present an opportunity to examine factors that influence human activity in ways that have not been possible before; they typically contain more detail and are gathered more frequently than conventional sources. Questions remain, however, about the utility and representativeness of crowdsourced data. The overarching aim of this dissertation research is to identify how crowdsourced data can be used to better understand human mobility. Bicycling activity is used as a case study to examine human mobility because smartphone apps aimed at collecting bicycle routes are readily available and bicycling is under studied in comparison to other modes. The research herein aimed to contribute to the knowledge base on crowdsourced data and human mobility in three ways. First, the research examines how conventional (e.g., counts, travel surveys) and crowdsourced data correspond in representing bicycling activity. Results identified where the data correspond and differ significantly, which has implications for using crowdsourced data for planning and policy decisions. Second, the research examined the factors that influence cycling activity generated by smartphone cycling apps. The best predictors of activity were median weekly rent, percentage of residential land, and the number of people using two or more modes to commute in an area. Finally, the third part of the dissertation seeks to understand the impact of bicycle lanes and bicycle ridership on residential housing prices. Results confirmed that bicycle lanes in the neighborhood of a home positively influence sale prices, though ridership was marginally related to house price. This research demonstrates that knowledge obtained through crowdsourced data informs us about smaller geographic areas and details on where people bicycle, who uses bicycles, and the impact of the built environment on bicycling activity. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Geography 2018

This thesis is formed of three chapters. The first chapter examines the effect on social mobility and economic growth following the introduction of reprogenetic technology such that parents can choose to invest in the talent or ability of their unborn children. I find that if the economy is initially in a steady state such that social mobility is low, the introduction of such technology can increase social mobility and economic growth. If the economy is initially in a steady state such that social mobility is high, then the introduction of such technology will not increase (and may decrease) social mobility and will not affect economic growth. The second chapter is a review of the literature on how immigration affects wages focusing on studies of the US and UK labour markets. The third chapter analyses how the skill premium depends on the relative supply of high and low skilled workers in the economy, and the size of the economy. Using a two-sector model where one sector is more skill-intensive than the other, and returns to scale are larger in the skill-intensive sector, I find that the skill premium depends positively on the size of the economy. I consider the effect of an exogenous increase in the number of skilled workers (perhaps due to immigration) on the skill premium and find that under certain conditions the skill premium may increase. I then analyse the effect on the skill premium and the relative price of the skill intensive good in the short and long run and compare the models predictions to the data.

Submitted by Valdirene Tenório Da Costa Alegria (valdirenetalegria_@hotmail.com) on 2018-07-05T23:40:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VALDIRENE - MESTRADO.pdf: 841257 bytes, checksum: 47c51eb211d0057b65f8dc6ac5fef419 (MD5) / Rejected by Ana Paula Santulo Custódio de Medeiros null (asantulo@rc.unesp.br), reason: - Falta a folha de aprovação: favor solicitar na Seção de Pós-Graduação. Ela deve vir após a ficha catalográfica, tanto na versão impressa como na digital. on 2018-07-06T12:16:03Z (GMT) / Submitted by Valdirene Tenório Da Costa Alegria (valdirenetalegria_@hotmail.com) on 2018-07-07T01:39:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Valdirene - Dissertação.pdf: 869988 bytes, checksum: f267b5b5c0e01435a242938d2477f291 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Aparecida Puerta null (dripuerta@rc.unesp.br) on 2018-07-10T13:12:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 alegria_vtc_me_rcla.pdf: 869988 bytes, checksum: f267b5b5c0e01435a242938d2477f291 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-10T13:12:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 alegria_vtc_me_rcla.pdf: 869988 bytes, checksum: f267b5b5c0e01435a242938d2477f291 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-28 / O processo de envelhecimento é dinâmico e progressivo, com alterações fisiológicas que podem resultar em alterações na capacidade pulmonar, mobilidade e equilíbrio. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito das variáveis de função pulmonar estática na capacidade de exercício na mobilidade e no equilíbrio de indivíduos acima de 50 anos. E avaliar o efeito da mobilidade e equilíbrio de indivíduos acima de 50 anos na capacidade de exercício. Os indivíduos passaram por anamnese, avaliação da função pulmonar estática por meio da Espirometria, Teste de Esforço Cardiorrespiratório por meio do Incremental Shuttle Walking Test, do Teste de Caminhada de Seis Minutos e do Teste de Escada e para avaliação da mobilidade foram submetidos ao teste Timed Up and Go e avaliados por meio da Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg. Para análise estatística foi utilizado software SigmaStat®, os dados foram apresentados em média±desvio padrão e as variáveis foram correlacionadas por meio do Teste de Correlação de Pearson (p<0,05). A amostra foi composta por 46 indivíduos sendo 37 (80,5%) mulheres e 9 (19,5%) homens, com idade média de 61,02±8,29 anos. Em relação aos resultados de correlação da função pulmonar com os testes de esforço, mobilidade e equilíbrio; os testes de esforço apresentaram correlação com as variáveis espirométricas. Na amostra, os indivíduos com menor tempo no TUG e melhores condições de equilíbrio foram os que apresentaram melhor função pulmonar. Quanto melhor a mobilidade melhor os resultados nos testes de esforço. Conclui-se que a função pulmonar tem efeito sobre a condição e resposta cardiorrespiratória, mobilidade e equilíbrio de indivíduos acima de 50 anos. / The aging process is dyn amic and progressive, with physiological changes that can result in pulmonary capacities, mobility and balance alterations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of static pulmonary function variables in the outcome of different tests of f ield effort, mobility and balance of subjects abov e 50 years. And evaluate the effec t of mobility and balance of subjects above 50 years in the result of three different effort tests. The subjects went through anamnesis, assessment of static lung function through Spiro metry, Cardiorespiratory Test through Incre mental Shuttle Walking Test, Six - Minute Walk Test and Stairs Test and to assess mobility they were submitted to the Timed Up and Go test and evaluated through the Berg Balance S cale. For statistical a nalysis SigmaStat ® software was used, the data are presented as average ± standard deviation and the variables were correlated through the Pearson Correlation Test (p <0.05). The sample consisted of 46 individuals, 37 (80.5%) women and 9 (19.5%) men, with a mean age of 61.02 ± 8.29 years. Regarding the results of correlation of pulm onary function with the effort tests mobility and balance; stress tests were correlated with spirometric var iables. In this sample, the individuals with the shortest TUG time in and the best balance conditions were the ones with the best pulmonary funct ion. When mobility improve results stress tests also improve. It is concluded that pulmonary function has an effect on the condition and cardiorespiratory response, mobility and b alance of individuals over 50 years.