<p>U disertaciji se prikazuje modularni sistem za projektovanje alata za<br />injekciono presovanje plastike. Analizirani su različiti prilazi u<br />projektovanu alata. Prikazana je koncepcija i funkcionisanje<br />razvijenog sistema. Verifikacija sistema je izvr&scaron;ena na konkretnim<br />plastičnim proizvodima. Na kraju su dati odgovarajući zaključci i<br />mogući pravci budućih istraživanja.</p> / <p>The dissertation shows the development of the modular system for<br />mold design for plastic injection molding. Different approaches were<br />analyzed in the field of mold design. The concept and functioning of<br />the developed modular system is presented. Validation of the<br />proposed system is made with the specific plastic parts. At the end<br />the appropriate conclusions and possible directions for future<br />research are given.</p>

Diversos trabalhos relacionados ao desenvolvimento de dispositivos robóticos biomecatrônicos estão sendo realizados em vários laboratórios no mundo. Apesar desta crescente tendência, devido a uma falta de padronização nas tecnologias utilizadas, em especial no sistema de sensoriamento e controle, há uma grande divergência nos sistemas resultantes. De forma a se conseguir atender os requisitos dos projetos, muito tempo é despendido no desenvolvimento de sistemas de sensoriamento e controle dedicados. Dentro deste cenário, neste trabalho foi projetado e implementado um sistema de sensoriamento e controle modular específico para sistemas robóticos. Este foi desenvolvido de forma a poder ser utilizado em diversos projetos reduzindo o esforço para a sua implementação. O referido sistema foi dividido em três módulos: Processador Central, Nós e Rede de Comunicação. Foi dada uma especial atenção no aspecto relacionado à comunicação por ser um fator-chave para se conseguir manter compatibilidade entre diferentes sistemas. Uma rede de comunicação denominada R-Bone foi desenvolvida pelo fato de que os sistemas existentes não atendem aos requisitos propostos. Uma descrição conceitual do sistema projetado é apresentada e a sua implementação detalhada. Todos os aspectos técnicos relevantes foram descritos de forma a facilitar a sua replicação por outros grupos. Um driver para sistema operacional Linux foi desenvolvido em conjunto com uma camada de abstração para simplificar o seu uso. Os testes realizados demonstraram que o sistema desenvolvido atende os requisitos propostos, mantendo uma condição de estabilidade adequada em seu tempo de resposta, baixa latência e pouca defasagem entre os sinais coletados pelos sensores. De forma a contribuir para uma possível padronização dos sistemas utilizados na área, todos os arquivos e informações relevantes para a replicação do sistema proposto foram disponibilizados sob a licença GNU LGPL em um servidor SVN. / Several works related to the development of biomechatronic robotic systems are being taken in several laboratories around the world. Despite this increasing trend, due to a lack of standardization in the used technologies, in special related to the control and sensing system, there is a wide divergence in the resulting system. In order to meet the project requirements, a lot of time is spent in the development of a custom control and sensing system. In this scenario, a modular sensing and control system specifically designed to be used in robotic systems, was designed and implemented. The last was developed in order to be used in several projects, thus reducing the effort spent on its implementation. This system was divided into three modules: Central Processor, Nodes and Communication Network. A special attention was given to the aspects related to the communication as it is the key-factor to keep compatibility among different systems. A communication network named R-Bone was developed, and its implementation was detailed. All the relevant technical aspects were described in order to facilitate its replication by other groups. A driver for the Linux operating system was developed in conjunction with an abstraction layer to simplify its use. The tests demonstrated that the system meets the proposed requirements, keeping a proper stability condition in the response time, low latency and little skew between the signals collected by the sensors. In order to contribute to a possible standardization of the systems used in the biomechatronics field, all the files with relevant information to make possible the replication of the proposed system were made available under the GNU LGPL license in a SVN server.

This study assessed the dilemmas associated with apprentice assessment systems in the New Apprenticeship Training and Assessment System (NATAS), (State based system), and the Modular system (National system) in Western Australia. Although both were described as competency-based systems these different schemes showed the variations that existed under this general description of training and assessment. The Modular system was a competency-based system which emphasised outcomes rather than the process of training.The emphasis on the process of training was what sustained decades of traditional apprenticeship training. The competency-based approach, discussed in detail later, was a performance-based methodology. Conceptually the apprentice either could perform a given task or task element as set by a specific performance criterion, or s/he could not. The person was judged, based upon the performance outcome to be either competent or incompetent. The basic assumption was that the person could not be partially competent.The competencies approach was a cornerstone of the Australian National training provision. It was administered by the National Training Board through an Australian Standards Framework. The key target group in this assessment of the competency area and the focus of this study was the young apprentice who would become a skilled tradesperson in a relatively short period of four years.Supporting the apprentices in the NATAS system were monitors, lecturers, and employer's members of these groups, who together with apprentices were used to gain insights into the new training initiatives.A previous study Williamson, Lowe and Boyd (1990) had looked at the Western Australian New Apprenticeship and Training System (NATAS). The intention was to develop ideas further and in greater depth using qualitative methodology in the area of effectiveness of the training and ++ / assessment system. The research also had critically assessed the Modular system (National) which in most cases progressively replaced NATAS during the period of the research.

Diversos trabalhos relacionados ao desenvolvimento de dispositivos robóticos biomecatrônicos estão sendo realizados em vários laboratórios no mundo. Apesar desta crescente tendência, devido a uma falta de padronização nas tecnologias utilizadas, em especial no sistema de sensoriamento e controle, há uma grande divergência nos sistemas resultantes. De forma a se conseguir atender os requisitos dos projetos, muito tempo é despendido no desenvolvimento de sistemas de sensoriamento e controle dedicados. Dentro deste cenário, neste trabalho foi projetado e implementado um sistema de sensoriamento e controle modular específico para sistemas robóticos. Este foi desenvolvido de forma a poder ser utilizado em diversos projetos reduzindo o esforço para a sua implementação. O referido sistema foi dividido em três módulos: Processador Central, Nós e Rede de Comunicação. Foi dada uma especial atenção no aspecto relacionado à comunicação por ser um fator-chave para se conseguir manter compatibilidade entre diferentes sistemas. Uma rede de comunicação denominada R-Bone foi desenvolvida pelo fato de que os sistemas existentes não atendem aos requisitos propostos. Uma descrição conceitual do sistema projetado é apresentada e a sua implementação detalhada. Todos os aspectos técnicos relevantes foram descritos de forma a facilitar a sua replicação por outros grupos. Um driver para sistema operacional Linux foi desenvolvido em conjunto com uma camada de abstração para simplificar o seu uso. Os testes realizados demonstraram que o sistema desenvolvido atende os requisitos propostos, mantendo uma condição de estabilidade adequada em seu tempo de resposta, baixa latência e pouca defasagem entre os sinais coletados pelos sensores. De forma a contribuir para uma possível padronização dos sistemas utilizados na área, todos os arquivos e informações relevantes para a replicação do sistema proposto foram disponibilizados sob a licença GNU LGPL em um servidor SVN. / Several works related to the development of biomechatronic robotic systems are being taken in several laboratories around the world. Despite this increasing trend, due to a lack of standardization in the used technologies, in special related to the control and sensing system, there is a wide divergence in the resulting system. In order to meet the project requirements, a lot of time is spent in the development of a custom control and sensing system. In this scenario, a modular sensing and control system specifically designed to be used in robotic systems, was designed and implemented. The last was developed in order to be used in several projects, thus reducing the effort spent on its implementation. This system was divided into three modules: Central Processor, Nodes and Communication Network. A special attention was given to the aspects related to the communication as it is the key-factor to keep compatibility among different systems. A communication network named R-Bone was developed, and its implementation was detailed. All the relevant technical aspects were described in order to facilitate its replication by other groups. A driver for the Linux operating system was developed in conjunction with an abstraction layer to simplify its use. The tests demonstrated that the system meets the proposed requirements, keeping a proper stability condition in the response time, low latency and little skew between the signals collected by the sensors. In order to contribute to a possible standardization of the systems used in the biomechatronics field, all the files with relevant information to make possible the replication of the proposed system were made available under the GNU LGPL license in a SVN server.

This master thesis is focused on the analysis of economy efficiency of the European Modular System. This determination is going to proceed from comparison of standard and longer trucks. The sense of this thesis is to find out, if standard or longer trucks are more efficient. The comparison is going to be made with the aid of a calculation of costs, which arise on two chosen independent routes. The conclusion evaluation of the trucks is going to work on these analyses.

The aim of this diploma thesis is design and implementation of experimantal data network central management in convergent network technology laboratory. This diploma thesis is devided into several chapters. Management network fundamentals are described in introduction. Actually used experimental network is analyzed in the second chapter. Design and implemantion of web modular information system are presented in third part. Solution of central management network system is summarised at the end of this thesis.

The aim of this diploma thesis is design and implementation of experimantal data network central management in convergent network technology laboratory. This diploma thesis is devided into several chapters. Management network fundamentals are described in introduction. Actually used experimental network is analyzed in the second chapter. Design and implemantion of web modular information system are presented in third part. Solution of central management network system is summarised at the end of this thesis.

This project explores methods to build habitats on the moon. It specifically explores the design of an interior modular system for inflatable habitats. Lunar Architecture can broadly be divided into three stages, pre-integrated, semi-integrated and built on site. Pre-integrated habitats, are fully assembled on earth and shipped with a rocket to the Moon, which has initial practicality, but constrains structure size to a rockets cargo space. Inflatable habitats fall under the semi-integrated category, which means that all the added interior volume created after inflation, will need to be built out onsite. It makes most sense to design a well-functioning modular system for this purpose, as modularity can provided the required redundancy and minimize the total amount of unique parts needed. The system needs to be lightweight, compact when stored, yet versatile enough to create flexible and engaging interiors. The project asks what a self-sufficient architecture in a lunar context would look like, if it were built with a modular approach and if it is possible to create sustainable, engaging environments through modularity.

Submitted by Izabel Franco (izabel-franco@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-23T13:11:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMEP.pdf: 18309308 bytes, checksum: a10a6c45475f6c502beb10e59d62743a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-26T20:38:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMEP.pdf: 18309308 bytes, checksum: a10a6c45475f6c502beb10e59d62743a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-26T20:38:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMEP.pdf: 18309308 bytes, checksum: a10a6c45475f6c502beb10e59d62743a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-26T20:38:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMEP.pdf: 18309308 bytes, checksum: a10a6c45475f6c502beb10e59d62743a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-10 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / In the context of Construction, the constructive structural system is responsable for considerable parcel of the construction performance after its occupation. First, this research uses a theoretical boarding within a bibliographical revision about concepts of industrialized construction, approaching the current technician scene in Brazil, and confronting some of the main industrialized technologies available today in the segment of construction. Then, it is tried to demonstrated the technique viability of constructive and structural steel system through the development of a module that could be adjust to diferent archetypes of constructions. Such a way, it was opted to the choice of an existing building in the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), called building of theoretical class rooms 7 (AT7), adapting its educational demand into a system modular in steel. For such boarding,the elaboration of solutions techniques, in a flexible and adaptable way to the initial projetual conception was necessary, contemplating not only space geometry in respect to its structure, but also considering closings systems, installations and logistic, inside industrialized construction thematic. As result, a viable technically modulation was elaborated, considering dimensional, structural and logistic points, so it could be applied or adjusted according to some situations of project, inside constructive and structural types boarded in this study. In this manner, the research presents practical character, therefore it is motivated by the necessity of approaching relative real problems to the projetual conception, supplying and fomenting techniques choices about industrialized systems, cooperating in the spreading of the concept of Industrialization in the technician scene. / No contexto da Construção Civil, o sistema construtivo e estrutural responde por considerável parcela do desempenho da edificação após sua ocupação. Valendo-se inicialmente de uma abordagem teórica, o trabalho apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica sobre conceitos de construção industrializada, abordando o atual cenário técnico no Brasil, e confrontando algumas das principais tecnologias industrializadas presentes hoje no segmento da construção civil. Na sequência, procurou-se demonstrar a viabilidade técnica de utilização do sistema construtivo e estrutural em aço, através do desenvolvimento de um módulo adequável a variadas tipologias de edificações. Para tanto, optou-se pela escolha de um edifício existente na Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), denominado Edifício de Salas de Aulas Teóricas 7 (AT7), adaptando o sistema modular à demanda do espaço didático. Para tal abordagem, foi necessária a elaboração de soluções técnicas, de modo flexível e adaptável à concepção projetual inicial, contemplando não somente a geometria espacial em relação à sua estrutura, mas também considerando os sistemas de fechamentos laterais e verticais, instalações e logística, dentro da temática da industrialização da construção. Como resultado, foi elaborada uma modulação tecnicamente viável de ser executada, tanto do ponto de vista dimensional, quanto estrutural e de logística, e que pode ser aplicada ou adequada a várias situações de projeto, que optem por este partido construtivo e estrutural. Desse modo, a pesquisa apresenta caráter aplicativo, pois é motivada pela necessidade de se resolver problemas reais relativos à concepção projetual, fornecendo subsídios para fomentar escolhas técnicas relativas a sistemas industrializados, colaborando na divulgação do conceito de Industrialização no meio técnico. Palavras chave: Sistema modular em aço. Industrialização da construção.

Level crossings are a dangerous part of railways, causing several deaths every year. While the safest solution is to remove crossings altogether using bridges or tunnels, this is complicated and cannot be done on a large scale. Many level crossings will therefore continue to exist. To enhance the safety of those crossings, they are equipped with automatic barriers, preventing crossing traffic from entering the track when trains are approaching. Partly due to outdated systems, the Swedish Transport Administration procured a fully integrated and automatic level crossing system aimed to make safety systems more cost efficient. However, it has been stated that the cost of such a system is still high in relation to the number of crossings in the Swedish railway infrastructure. To enhance the scalability of safety systems in level crossings, this research aims to explore the potential of modular systems. Applications of the concept within the railway industry are limited. In addition, previous research perceives the power of modular designs differently. This research was conducted as a case study on level crossings in the Swedish railway infrastructure that is managed by the Swedish Transport Administration. Opportunities with modular systems were identified within the three themes of reducing groundwork costs, improving maintenanc eactivities, and enhancing the replaceability of parts. The study proposes that scalability can be increased by a standardised foundational structure, standardised communication protocols, convenient replacements of modules rather than repairs on-site, shared maintenance activities across systems, and customised testing procedures based on the individual requirements of modules. Different conditions, such as being able to oversee the state of inherent modules and regulations regarding data usage, were also determined to be important for a successful implementation. / Plankorsningar är en farlig del av järnvägar som orsakar flera dödsfall varje år. Även om den säkraste lösningen är att bygga bort dessa helt och hållet genom broar och tunnlar, så är detta ofta komplicerat och inte möjligt i många fall. Många plankorsningar kommer därför att finnas kvar. För att säkerställa säkerheten förses dessa med automatiskt fällande bommar, som hindrar korsande trafik att passera spåret när tåg närmar sig. Till följd av bland annat utdaterade system, har Trafikverket upphandlat ett fullt integrerat och automatiskt bomsystem som ska vara mer kostnadseffektivt än tidigare lösningar. Det har däremot konstaterats att kostnaden för ett sådant system fortfarande är hög i relation till antalet korsningar i den svenska järnvägsinfrastrukturen. För att öka skalbarheten av säkerhetssystem i plankorsningar syftar denna forskning till att undersöka potentialen av modulärt designade system. Tidigare studier är oense om möjligheterna med modulsystem. Därutöver är forskning som applicerar konceptet inom järnvägsbranschen begränsad. Denna undersökning utfördes som en fallstudie inom plankorsningar i den svenska järnvägsinfrastrukturen som hanteras av Trafikverket. Möjligheter med modulsystemidentifierades inom de tre temana minskade kostnader för markarbete, förbättratunderhållsarbete, och ökad utbytbarhet av delar. Studien föreslår att skalbarheten kan ökas genom ett standardiserat fundament, standardiserade kommunikationsprotokoll, smidigt utbytbara moduler istället för reparationer i anläggningen, gemensamma underhållsaktiviteter mellan system, och anpassade tester baserat på kraven i enskilda moduler. Samtidigt framträdde vissa villkor, såsom möjligheten att kunna överse tillståndet i de inneboende modulerna och regleringar gällande dataanvändning, som viktiga faktorer för en lyckad implementation.