This study explores motivations of two ‘new’ humanitarian donors, Brazil and India, byanalysing debates from two of the agents in each country involved in the processesregarding humanitarian assistance - the Brazilian Federal Senate and the BrazilianMinistry of Foreign Affairs, as well as the Indian Ministry of External Affairs andCouncil of States - by means of a thematic analysis. This resulted in the identification ofmotivating factors for humanitarian spending in the form of themes. For Brazil thethemes Priority, Humanitarianism, Regional Solidarity and International Integrationcould be identified. For India the themes identified were: Security Interests,Humanitarianism, Good Neighbour, Competence and Preparedness.By comparing the findings of this study with the ‘Seven Frames relevant to Foreign AidPolicy’ of Western donors established by van der Veen, it could be concluded that newdonors and Western donors share similar interests in the areas of power, security,international reputation and humanitarianism, which guide them as motivating factors indecisions regarding humanitarian assistance. Nonetheless, there are also differences forexample with regards to economic interests and issues of obligation, which are presentfor Western donors, but could not be identified in motivations of the new donors Braziland India. The study concludes that the framework established by van der Veen forWestern donors is not sufficient to explain motivations of new donors in the area ofhumanitarian assistance. Instead, a new framework is necessary to explore the differingapproaches and motivations of both Western and new donors in their complexity.

Some romantic relationship types have a greater likelihood of receiving parental support than do others. Specifically, adults in traditional romantic relationships (i.e., same-race, opposite-sex) perceive more parental support for their relationships than do individuals in socially stigmatized relationships (e.g., interracial, same-sex relationships; Lehmiller & Agnew, 2006). The goal of the current study was to understand better what motivates parents to provide support for their adult children’s romantic relationships. To address this question, the original and a modified version of the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA; Ajzen & Fishbein, 1975) were tested. The TRA was implemented to measure whether parents’ attitudes toward showing support and the parents’ subjective norms were associated with the parents’ intentions to provide support for their children’s relationships in the future. In the modified model, subjective norms was reconceptualized to include parents’ perceptions of stigma by associating with their children’s relationships and the perceived threat of sanctions from the parent’s social networks if the parents were to provide support for their children’s relationships in the future. To improve predictive ability of the models, theoretically relevant covariates were included in each model. To capitalize on a variety of viewpoints, this study included parents whose children were either single or in dating relationships. Parents whose child was single completed the questionnaire while imagining his or her child in a traditional, interracial, or same-sex relationship whereas parents whose child was in a dating relationship reported on his or her child’s current relationship. A sample of 438 parents completed an online survey. Overall, across all groups, parents’ attitudes toward providing support were consistently associated with parents’ intentions to provide support. Associations between the parents’ subjective norms and intentions to provide support varied across groups and were not always significantly associated with parents’ intentions to provide support in the future. Furthermore, parents’ motivations to provide support differed among parents who imagined their children in relationships compared to parents whose children were in real relationships, suggesting parents may overestimate problems with their children’s interracial and same-sex relationships and underestimate problems with their children’s traditional relationships than may occur in real-life situations. / text

The purpose of this study was to provide a better understanding why consumers conduct research online and post online reviews. This was achieved by finding relationships between the two phenomena presented above. The study used a cross-sectional design since little was known about the relationships within the chosen research area. Results were measured by quantitative instrument through a self-administered questionnaire divided by each phenomenon. The questionnaire was directed towards Swedish consumers in the buying decision process.Consumers conduct research online with the specific goal for gaining information posted by other consumers, since it has a higher credibility. Helping other consumers and self-expression was reasons found in relation to why consumers post online reviews.Findings strengthen the fact that higher education could be found of relationship to conduct research online; however, not to post online reviews. In comparison to previous studies the study measured online shopping frequency instead of Internet experience. It was found that consumers who conducted online shopping were in relation with previous presented theories. / Syftet med denna studie var att skapa en bättre förståelse till varför konsumenter publicerar och konsumerar onlinerecensioner. Genom att applicera en tvärsnittsdesign kunde syftet uppnås då relationer identifierades. För att möjliggöra mätning av resultatet applicerades ett kvantitativt instrument genom en självadministrerad enkät vilken var uppdelad efter respektive fenomen.Onlinerecensioner används för det specifika målet att samla större mängder information innan köpbeslut. De onlinerecensioner som används främst är de skapade av andra konsumenter då de anses vara av högre trovärdighet än information skapat av företag. Att hjälpa andra konsumenter och självförbättring är vad resultatet påvisar vara anledning till att konsumenter publicerar onlinerecensioner.Vidare stärkte resultatet en relation där konsumenter med högre utbildning tenderar att konsumera onlinerecensioner men inte till att publicera dessa. Konsumenternas köpfrekvens applicerades istället för att mäta graden erfarenhet av Internet, vilket gjorts i tidigare studier.

Cette recherche s'intéresse à l'influence d'une caractéristique de l'être humain quasi ignorée par la recherche en marketing jusqu'à présent : la spiritualité. Inscrite dans un contexte démographique et économique où la compréhension du comportement de consommation des seniors revêt des intérêts majeurs, elle étudie l'influence de la spiritualité des personnes âgées sur leurs motivations à voyager. Le premier chapitre présente les caractéristiques du comportement touristique des personnes âgées et leurs motivations à voyager. Une étude qualitative complète les conclusions de la revue de littérature et aboutit à l'identification de sept catégories de motivations à voyager. Le second chapitre propose un cadre conceptuel de la spiritualité incluant une définition du concept, présente un état de l'art de l'influence de la spiritualité en comportement du consommateur et caractérise la spiritualité des personnes âgées via la théorie de la gérotranscendance. Le troisième chapitre présente la modélisation théorique de l'influence de la spiritualité des personnes âgées sur leurs motivations à voyager, les hypothèses de recherche associées et le design de la recherche. Les quatrième et cinquième chapitres décrivent les études empiriques mises en oeuvre sur un total de 645 retraités Français âgés de 60 à 85 ans pour répondre aux objectifs de la recherche. Les résultats obtenus sont analysés. Les apports théoriques de cette recherche résident dans son inscription dans les cadres d'analyse du consommateur âgé et du vieillissement réussi, contribuant ainsi à mieux comprendre le vieillissement en l'envisageant comme une continuité de croissance. Un cadre conceptuel clair et complet pour l'étude de la spiritualité en marketing est proposé, accompagné d'un état des recherches sur l'influence de la spiritualité en comportement de consommation. L'élaboration d'une échelle des motivations à voyager des Français âgés constitue un apport méthodologique major de ce travail. Des recommandations d'ordre managérial sont proposées sur la base des résultats de la recherche.

Erika Albrechtaite work for master degree Links of winning motivations, moral functioning and attitudes to unsporting actions and aggression in adolescents engaged into sports Summary Factors influencing behaviour of sports people are analyzed in this work. An influence of motivation, moral functioning and attitudes to unsporting actions on the behaviour of sportspeople is discussed. The research object is variables such as winning motivations, moral functioning and attitudes to unsporting behaviour, the posed aim is to determine links between wining motivations, moral functioning and attitudes to unsporting actions and aggression in adolescents engaged into sports. Following research tasks have been formulated in order to reach the aim: 1. To determine an expression of wining motivations, moral functioning and attitudes to unsporting actions and aggression in adolescents engaged into sports. 2. To determine the dependence of wining motivations, moral functioning and attitudes to unsporting actions and aggression on particular sports. 3. To determine the dependence of wining motivations, moral functioning and attitudes to unsporting actions and aggression on the experience in sports. 4. To evaluate the mutual link between wining motivations, moral functioning and attitudes to unsporting actions and aggression. The sample of the stated research was constituted of 250 adolescents engaged into sports, an average age was 4,311,07, and their experience in sports was 2,830... [to full text]

The most commonly reported sexual concerns for women are low desire and orgasm difficulties (Laumann, Paik & Rosen, 1999; Laumann et al., 2005). Previous research indicates that women with sexual problems may have different reasons for engaging in sex than women with healthy sexual functioning (Giles & McCabe, 2009; Sand & Fisher, 2007). The current study investigated whether motivations for sex differed by levels of sexual functioning overall and specifically among women with and without problems with sexual desire or orgasm. Seven hundred and eight heterosexual women completed an online questionnaire assessing reasons for sex and sexual functioning. Women with sexual functioning concerns were more likely to endorse insecurity reasons for sex, while women without were more likely to endorse physical reasons for sex. Women experiencing low desire were less likely to endorse emotional and physical reasons for sex. Women experiencing orgasm difficulties were more likely to endorse insecurity reasons. The limitations and implications of the results are discussed.

Motivations for sex have an impact on sexual desire, and relationship and sexual satisfaction. However, it is not known whether motivations for pretending orgasm similarly impact these constructs. In three studies, North American men and women (N = 525) in committed relationships between the ages of 18 and 29 were recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk to complete an online survey. In Study 1, exploratory factor analysis revealed that motives for feigning orgasm could be organized into six categories: Intoxication, Partner Self-Esteem, Poor Sex/Partner, Desireless Sex, Timing, and Insecurity, which together comprise the Motives for Feigning Orgasms Scale (MOFO). Motives were found to affect women’s satisfaction, but not their desire, while motivations were not found to be impactful among men. In Study 2, confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the MOFO and, in Study 3, its test-retest reliability was assessed. The findings of this research support and inform current sexual scripts.

<p>In this thesis, I explore the code-switching practices of long-term Angolans migrants in Cape Town when they interact with those who have been here for a much shorter period. In my Honours research essay, I revealed a tendency among those who have lived in Cape Town for some time to code-switch from Portuguese to English even in the presence of more recent migrants from Angola, who have little or no mastery of English. This thesis thus considers the effects of space, discourses of power, language ideologies and attitudes on the patterns of inter- and intra-sentential code-switching by these long-term migrants in interaction with each other as well as with the more recent &ldquo / Angolan arrivals&rdquo / in Cape Town. Twenty Angolan migrants participated in this study. Of these, ten were long-term migrants to South Africa, while a further ten were relative newcomers. While the long-term migrants could claim to be bilingual in Portuguese and English, the newcomers were largely limited to a few English words in their repertoire. However, both groups could speak one or more of the indigenous languages of Angola, like Kimbundu, Umbundu, Kikongo and even Lingala (which is an indigenous language from Republic Democratic of Congo). Some of the long-term migrants had even acquired South African indigenous language such as isiXhosa and Afrikaans. The study made use of qualitative ethnographic methodologies to collect the data. These included recorded conversations, individual and focus group interviews, both general observation and participant observation.</p>

<p>Transition has been the major focus of educational institutions. The focal argument of the majority of research into student transition deals with the challenges that students faced when they moved from high school to first year at university. Not much focus has been placed on the transition from undergraduate to postgraduate studies. Postgraduate enrollment rates have steadily grown over the past few years in Higher Education Institution`s (HEI). Support systems have been put in place to assist students. In spite of these available support systems, postgraduate students still find themselves facing challenges when engaging with postgraduate studies. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the academic transitional challenges postgraduate students&rsquo / experience as reflected by the inconsistencies in the enrollment and throughput rates. Secondly, to determine whether students utilised available support systems, e.g. the Academic Writing Centre and the Postgraduate Enrolment and Throughput (PET) programme at the Faculty of Community and Health Science at University of the Western Cape. This was a quantitative study. A cross sectional survey has been conducted by means of a computerised self-administered questionnaire (CSAQ). The study population was postgraduate students in the Faculty of Community and Health Science at masters&rsquo / level. Both course work and research students were included in the study. No sampling method was employed due to the small size of the population. Data was collected to explore the academic preparedness of postgraduate students, and there primary motivations for studying and the utilization of available support services at the University of the Western Cape.</p>

<p>The aim of the study states what is expected to be achieved by the study overall. According to Brink, Van Der Walt and Van Rensburg (2006), the aim should include the target population, research setting and the research variables. The aim of this study is to investigate the academic transitional challenges (variable) postgraduate students (target population) experience in the Faculty of CHS at UWC (setting) and to determine whether students utilize the available support systems provided. Research objectives Objectives are defined as clear concise declarative statements that are expressed in present tense, which indicate the specific information the study must yield (Burns &amp / Grove, 2003). The objectives of this study are: To determine the academic preparedness of the postgraduate students as evidenced by experience and previous participation in research activities, publications and papers delivered prior to postgraduate enrolment / To determine if postgraduate students make use of the support services offered by UWC to facilitate smooth academic transition / To determine the primary motivations of students enrolling for postgraduate studies in the faculty / To compare the characteristics of postgraduate students with academic preparedness and primary motivations.</p>