Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-11-20T09:57:49Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rosângela Furtado Mac Dowell - 2017.pdf: 8794959 bytes, checksum: abed66149534fa03dfce2c141e637362 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-11-20T09:58:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rosângela Furtado Mac Dowell - 2017.pdf: 8794959 bytes, checksum: abed66149534fa03dfce2c141e637362 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-20T09:58:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rosângela Furtado Mac Dowell - 2017.pdf: 8794959 bytes, checksum: abed66149534fa03dfce2c141e637362 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-28 / With the passage from the mechanical era to the digital era, issues related to the architectural space in relation to the symbolic, technological and functional field have allowed the emergence of new skills and capacities to use new technologies that allow the architect to propose different and relevant alternatives to creative process. Powered by the continuous evolution of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), architects offer architects unprecedented possibilities and varied resources capable of producing a performance architecture challenging diversity, differentiation, discontinuity and constant dynamic evolution, thus formatting a new symbiosis between design And product. The way it is conceived, developed and built, contemplates new concepts of space, new dynamic and interactive forms that produce new categories of projects. Thus, the architect as facilitator of multisensory experiences modifies and impregnates space with other qualities that only a living and affective being can contain, the emotional meanings. Based on this observation, we try to make a brief reflection in the light of the thought of some theorists, about architecture and its relationship with value issues inserted in the contemporary context, its interaction with the spheres of the senses, with the image and the imaginary; Relating the multisensory perception of the subject that dialogues and interacts with the architectural space. For this, it is sought as a base for the research some works of architecture relevant in the field of performance and inserted in the temporal cut, from the period from the end of the 20th century to the 21st century. / Com a passagem da era mecânica para a era digital, questões pertinentes ao espaço arquitetônico em relação ao campo simbólico, tecnológico e funcional possibilitaram o surgimento de novas competências e capacidades de utilização de novas tecnologias que permitem ao arquiteto a proposição de diversas e relevantes alternativas ao processo criativo. A contínua evolução das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs) coloca à disposição dos arquitetos possibilidades inéditas e variados recursos capazes de produzir uma arquitetura performática, desafiando a diversidade, a diferenciação, a descontinuidade e a constante evolução dinâmica, formatando uma nova simbiose entre projeto e produto. A maneira como o projeto é concebido, desenvolvido e edificado contempla novos conceitos de espaço, novas formas dinâmicas e interativas que produzem novas categorias projetuais. Assim, o arquiteto, enquanto facilitador de experiências multissensoriais, modifica e impregna o espaço com outras qualidades que somente um ser vivo e afetivo pode conter: os significados emocionais. Partindo dessa constatação, esta dissertação reflete, de forma breve e a partir de alguns teóricos, sobre a arquitetura e a sua relação com questões de valor inseridas no contexto contemporâneo, sua interação com as esferas dos sentidos, com a imagem e o imaginário, relacionando-as à percepção multissensorial do sujeito que dialoga e interage com o espaço arquitetônico. Como base da pesquisa, apresentam-se algumas obras de arquitetura relevantes no campo da performance e inseridas no recorte temporal do período compreendido entre o final do século XX e o início do século XXI.

La capacité de juger ses propres actions se trouve être perturbée dans l'anorexie mentale (AM). Les patientes souffrant d’anorexie mentale surestime notamment le seuil de passabilité d’une ouverture (par rapport à un groupe témoin) lors d’une simulation ou d’un franchissement d’ouverture réelle. Ces données sont en accord avec les plaintes des patientes qui se sentent plus grosses qu’elles ne le sont en réalité. Le jugement des patientes est perturbé lorsqu’elles adoptent une perspective en première personne (j’effectue l’action), mais reste préservé lorsque la perspective est en troisième personne (je regarde un sujet effectuer l’action). Ces résultats suggèrent une atteinte spécifique du schéma corporel et non d’une perturbation globale des jugements perceptifs.Cette surestimation du schéma corporel dans l'AM pourrait être liée à l'existence d'un trouble de l'intégration multisensorielle, l’élaboration d’un schéma corporel harmonieux résultant de l'intégration des afférences visuelles, tactiles, proprioceptives et vestibulaires. Une corrélation existe entre la baisse des performances comportementales et l’intensité des troubles de l'alimentation, qu’il s’agisse de la recherche de minceur, des préoccupations corporelles et de l’insatisfaction générée. Les perturbations corporelles ainsi que les répercussions comportementales engendrées pourraient induire un renforcement des comportements alimentaires restrictifs.Les performances des patientes sont liées à la fois à leur perte de poids au cours des mois précédents et à leur poids avant la décompensation. Ce résultat pourrait appuyer l’hypothèse d’un défaut d’actualisation du schéma corporel, les modifications morphologiques engendrées par une perte de poids rapide et massive n’étant pas prises en compte par le système nerveux central. L'AM touche essentiellement les jeunes femmes entre 15 et 19 ans. De véritables bouleversements physiologiques et psychologiques se produisent lors de la puberté, ayant un impact sur le schéma corporel. Les variations de poids induites par les troubles du comportement alimentaire pourraient venir renforcer ces perturbations. L'étude des phénomènes neurologiques, tel que le syndrome du membre fantôme, pourraient faire la lumière sur ce point. En effet, de nombreuses personnes amputées continuent à ressentir la présence d'un membre fantôme après amputation. Beaucoup de modèles explicatifs ont émergé ces dernières années. L'un d'eux postule une certaine inadéquation entre la rétroaction sensorielle du fantôme et les régions corticales représentant le membre. Dans l’AM, un conflit similaire pourrait se produire entre un schéma corporel antérieur n’ayant pas pris en compte les variations pondérales et la rétroaction sensori-motrice. Ainsi, les patientes se trouveraient enfermés dans un corps plus gros. / The everyday human ability to make judgments about one’s own and other people’s body-scaled actions is disrupted in anorexia nervosa (AN). AN patients significantly overestimated their own passability (relative to a control group) in a simulated body-scaled action. These data were concordant with the patients' clinical complaints that they feel larger than they really are. Judgments in AN patients were significantly affected in the first-person-perspective condition (1PP) but not in the third-person-perspective condition (3PP; see Figure). These overall results suggest that the overestimation of the passability ratios in AN are likely to be caused by an overestimation of their own body schema. They are not symptomatic of a general impairment in perceptual judgments.This overestimation of the body schema in AN can be related to the existence of disturbance in multisensory integration in AN, since the body schema is the product of multisensory integration of visual, tactile, proprioceptive and vestibular inputs. A significant relationship exist between the behavioural performances and the severity of eating disorders by revealing a significant, positive correlation between the patient’s own body action on one hand and body concern, body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness on the other. This disruption causes restrictive eating behaviours to persist.The patients\\\\\\\' performances were related to their body weight loss over the previous months and to their pre-AN body weight. This finding provides a possible explanation for the disruption of body-scaled actions in anorexic people: the body schema modified by the rapid weight loss may not have been updated by the central nervous system. Anorexia nervosa mainly affects young women in the 15-19 age group. However, many of the neurological, morphological and psychological changes occur during puberty and they will have an impact on the body schema. Weight changes induced by eating disorders could reinforce these disturbances. The knowledge gained by studying neurological phenomena such as phantom limbs might shed light on this topic. In fact, many amputees continue to feel the presence of a phantom limb after amputation. Many explanatory models of phantom limb syndrome have emerged in recent years. One of these postulates a degree of mismatch between the sensory feedback from the phantom and the cortical regions representing the limb. In anorexic patients, there could be a conflict between the previous body schema (i.e. before the weight change) and the current sensorimotor feedback. Thus, patients would find themselves locked into a larger body.

Designing tangible objects for children’s development andlearning has been a common theme in the HCI community.However, studies involving designing of tangibles fortoddlers’ hedonic interaction and play experiences havebeen few. This paper explores how toddlers (between oneand three years old) behave when interacting with tangibleplay objects in the context of open-ended play. The aim ofthis study was to explore how the integration ofmultisensory stimuli and multimodal feedback in tangibleobjects can affect toddlers’ play, behaviors and engagementin the context of open-ended play. Furthermore, two playobjects called Sound Cubes were developed and used in aninteraction study conducted at a preschool in Stockholm.The results presented in this paper suggest that the openendedplay objects provided toddlers with opportunity formultiple manipulations that lead to interesting interactions.Moreover, multimodal feedback and multisensory stimulicreated a positive affect on toddlers’ engagement in play.

The distinction between the sense of body-ownership and the sense of agency has attracted considerable empirical and theoretical interest lately. However, the respective contributions of multisensory and sensorimotor integration to these two varieties of body experience are still the subject of ongoing research. In this study, I examine the various methodological problems encountered in the empirical study of body-ownership and agency with the use of novel immersive virtual environment technology to investigate the interplay between sensory and motor information. More specifically, the focus is on testing the relative contributions and possible interactions of visual-tactile and visual-motor contingencies implemented under the same experimental protocol. The effect of this is supported by physiological measurements obtained from skin conductance responses and heart rate. The findings outline a relatively simple method for identifying the necessary and sufficient conditions for the experience of body-ownership and agency, as studied with immersive virtual environment technology.

What am “I”? To what does the word “I” refer? The Self is a concept that feels intuitively obvious to us, but is nevertheless elusive to describe. Against a backdrop of theoretical speculation, this essay presents a basic exposition of the Self with the aid of recent advances in cognitive neuroscience to address one of its most confounding problems: How does the brain sustain the Self – our sense of bodily identity? What informs the question then is dealt with by providing a frame of reference based on the philosophical theory of mereology to contain the analysis (i.e., the relationship of parts to wholes, and of parts to parts within a whole). In relation to the question “What makes us experience what we are?” the Self is put in a context of a multisensory description – a context in which the center very much fails to hold. Enacting such self-plasticity comes at the cost of explicit boundaries, and is in need of a theoretical and methodological framework – not instead, but of folk-psychological criteria – in determining the nature behind why and how we have the intuition of being a Self.

Even though food-based artworks are no longer a new occurrence within art practice, the particular practice of food that uses taste, smell and touch as artistic medium is still relatively new. This practice poses new challenges at both the creative and receptive ends: for the audience the challenge is linked to understanding and relating with the artwork while for the artist it involves directing the audience’s engagement. Under the theoretical lens of Somaesthetics and Langer’s Mindfulness discourse, this thesis has examined what it means to appreciate food-based artworks through taste, smell and touch. It has also investigated ways in which this form of practice can be developed further. Practice within the research has been used as a means of thinking through the creative choices taken by artists with the purpose of understanding how perceptibility and engagement with food-based works through taste, smell and touch can be enhanced. Some of the key references include Miwa Koizumi’s NY flavors, Burkhard Bacher & Herbert Hinter’s Landscape, Maki Ueda’s Aromascape, and several works by Sam Bompas and Harry Parr amongst others. The outcome of the research include: the development of an attentive discourse of appreciation which outlines the conditions necessary for the appreciation of food-based artwork through its taste, smell and touch; and the articulation of creative strategies that can be used by artists to enhance the perceptibility of taste, smell and touch and encourage engagement. The contributions to knowledge made by this thesis include: The introduction of a new genre of food-based practice; the use of Somaesthetics and Mindfulness as a lens to examine the appreciation of food-based art; the identification of new concerns within practice facing artists using food’s taste, smell and touch as medium; and the new form of encounter with art that requires a mindful-somatic attentiveness.

Diploma thesis "Sensory and emotional marketing" deals with engagement of sensory stimulations and try to clarify their meaning in commercial communication. It approaches this issue for which struggles to create a theoretical background. Emphasis is placed on the use of sensory stimuli, both within the various communication products or services, but also multiple-sensory involvement in the brand communication. After defining the basic concepts of marketing and brand management, the work is fully focused on the consumer and his behavior in the shopping environment. It also brings to the multiple-sensory communication as an opportunity, through which companies can gain a competitive advantage in the market. On the basis of practical examples there is demonstrated the effectiveness of the involvement of multiple sensory stimuli toward consumers. The final text is devoted an investigation, that was as part of this work done, and produces results revealing the importance of individual factors, focusing on selection of coffee and cafes.

This dissertation focuses on the development of three classes of brain-inspired machine learning classification models. The models attempt to emulate (a) multi-sensory integration, (b) context-integration, and (c) visual information processing in the brain.The multi-sensory integration models are aimed at enhancing object classification through the integration of semantically congruent unimodal stimuli. Two multimodal classification models are introduced: the feature integrating (FI) model and the decision integrating (DI) model. The FI model, inspired by multisensory integration in the subcortical superior colliculus, combines unimodal features which are subsequently classified by a multimodal classifier. The DI model, inspired by integration in primary cortical areas, classifies unimodal stimuli independently using unimodal classifiers and classifies the combined decisions using a multimodal classifier. The multimodal classifier models are be implemented using multilayer perceptrons and multivariate statistical classifiers. Experiments involving the classification of noisy and attenuated auditory and visual representations of ten digits are designed to demonstrate the properties of the multimodal classifiers and to compare the performances of multimodal and unimodal classifiers. The experimental results show that the multimodal classification systems exhibit an important aspect of the “inverse effectiveness principle” by yielding significantly higher classification accuracies when compared with those of the unimodal classifiers. Furthermore, the flexibility offered by the generalized models enables the simulations and evaluations of various combinations of multimodal stimuli and classifiers under varying uncertainty conditions. The context-integrating model emulates the brain’s ability to use contextual information to uniquely resolve the interpretation of ambiguous stimuli. A deep learning neural network classification model that emulates this ability by integrating weighted bidirectional context into the classification process is introduced. The model, referred to as the CINET, is implemented using a convolution neural network (CNN), which is shown to be ideal for combining target and context stimuli and for extracting coupled target-context features. The CINET parameters can be manipulated to simulate congruent and incongruent context environments and to manipulate target-context stimuli relationships. The formulation of the CINET is quite general; consequently, it is not restricted to stimuli in any particular sensory modality nor to the dimensionality of the stimuli. A broad range of experiments are designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the CINET in resolving ambiguous visual stimuli and in improving the classification of non-ambiguous visual stimuli in various contextual environments. The fact that the performance improves through the inclusion of context can be exploited to design robust brain-inspired machine learning algorithms. It is interesting to note that the CINET is a classification model that is inspired by a combination of brain’s ability to integrate contextual information and the CNN, which is inspired by the hierarchical processing of visual information in the visual cortex. A convolution neural network (CNN) model, inspired by the hierarchical processing of visual information in the brain, is introduced to fuse information from an ensemble of multi-axial sensors in order to classify strikes such as boxing punches and taekwondo kicks in combat sports. Although CNNs are not an obvious choice for non-array data nor for signals with non-linear variations, it will be shown that CNN models can effectively classify multi-axial multi-sensor signals. Experiments involving the classification of three-axis accelerometer and three-axes gyroscope signals measuring boxing punches and taekwondo kicks showed that the performance of the fusion classifiers were significantly superior to the uni-axial classifiers. Interestingly, the classification accuracies of the CNN fusion classifiers were significantly higher than those of the DTW fusion classifiers. Through training with representative signals and the local feature extraction property, the CNNs tend to be invariant to the latency shifts and non-linear variations. Moreover, by increasing the number of network layers and the training set, the CNN classifiers offer the potential for even better performance as well as the ability to handle a larger number of classes. Finally, due to the generalized formulations, the classifier models can be easily adapted to classify multi-dimensional signals of multiple sensors in various other applications.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間健康科学) / 甲第23125号 / 人健博第87号 / 新制||人健||6(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科人間健康科学系専攻 / (主査)教授 林 悠, 教授 稲富 宏之, 教授 村井 俊哉 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human Health Sciences / Kyoto University / DFAM

Previous research shows that integration of the senses is interchangeably dependent by  temporal neural mechanisms. One unsolved problem is how sensory timing differences in the brain is processed. In this systematic review (K = 18), audio-visual behavioral task paradigms are investigated with a focus on temporal binding window estimates. The results showed among other things that temporal integration is an adaptive neural process and that temporal acuity increases with age. Measurements between studies were sometimes incompatible which limited conclusions. Future studies should focus on standardizing operational parameters and compare within and between group designs.