Aim:The aim of our study is to analyzeelements of online trust building process from sellers’ standpoint based on case study of Chinese website: Taobao. Method:This study was conducted in qualitative method with 12 interviewees as online sellers from Taobao website. Data presentation involves tables and figures to help readers to understand trust building process and apply it in business. Result & Conclusions: Online trust building is dynamic and interactive. Three main elements of trust building are product, communication and 3rd party. Trust building process goes through three stages: knowledge-based trust, experience-based trust, and relationship-based trust. Suggestions for future research: Limitation of generality suggests further study in quantitative method. Since it is a single case study specific in China, comparison cross-culture or between websites is also suggested as future possibilitiesto test generalizability of this theoretic framework. Contribution & implication: This study provided atheoretic framework for online trust building process in real-world context. Management implication was suggested to focus on development of product, communication and 3rdparty service for sellers and website holder

Lean production has become a widespread production system to address the need of being more productive. Since three decades ago that some big automotive manufacturers started to adopt lean, many SME’s has adopt it and enjoy the outcomes. Literature have investigated the successful implementation of lean in these organizations, yet, very few papers have addressed the challenges toward adopting lean. In this thesis research a plastic package manufacturer is chosen as the case of study to implement some initiatives of lean production and study the challenges and outcomes of lean adoption. The efforts during the making the changes were focused on adopting the SMED and Root-Cause Analysis techniques, and also to reduce defect rate in one of the products. The findings indicate before any effort to implement lean production techniques, some social issues must be considered to reduce the risk of failure. The Rosti AB case indicated that promoting motivation among operators and resolving mistrust between managers and operators is essential to encourage them to participate in improvement changes. In order to promote motivation and eliminate mistrust to encourage operators to participate in improvement changes it is necessary to empower them in decision makings in improvement implementations.

The European Arrest Warrant (EAW) is the first and most important measure in the field of European criminal law for the purpose of implementation of the principle of mutual recognition of judicial decisions. The Framework Decision which introduced it was adopted on 13 June 2002 following point 35 of the Conclusions of the Tampere European Council of 15-16 October 1999 (aiming at abolishing the formal extradition procedure among the Member States of the European Union). The Warrant is a judicial decision issued by a Member State, which requires the arrest and surrender of a person by another Member State, for the purposes of conducting a criminal prosecution or executing a custodial sentence or detention order. It is issued when the person whose return is sought is accused of an offence for which the law establishes a maximum of at least one year in prison, or when the person has already been sentenced to a prison term of at least four months. The research aims at exploring the context in which the EAW was adopted, as part of the mutual recognition agenda. This will be done through an analysis of the substantive and procedural legal aspects of its implementation. Is mutual recognition correctly implemented? While some authors hail it as a giant leap towards a new system of inter-state judicial cooperation, others view it as a danger for the traditional principles of criminal law as developed in Europe in the last centuries. The thesis will look at the functioning of the EAW in the EU criminal law area and at its implications for national sovereignty as well as individual rights, with particular reference to the radical modification of the principles of classical extradition law. An evaluation of its effectiveness and its real importance will be carried out from both an international and a European law point of view.

Aim: The aim of this study is to describe and analyse the factors that are important when entering a regional market, with a new brand name, within the technical consultant business in Sweden. Method: A qualitative research method has been applied to this study. Two interviews with key members of the chosen organisation have been performed. This is to bring a deeper understanding and together with my own experiences will be used as a base for the analysis of the present subject. Result & Conclusions: This study shows that the foundation of success when entering a new market with a new brand name is to focus on the long term building of relationships and personal networks. This has also shown to be a good strategy during an economical recession that recently has been over the last two years. To gain a competitive advantage in a market one has to be present and interact with the market. When competition increases with market threats from countries far away one has to stand out, be different, from your competitors. Relationship marketing and networking could for this reason be a good strategy because being local and visible makes the entry barriers higher for new entrants that are geographically located somewhere else in the world. 3 The downside of relationship marketing is that it‘s hard to use conventional advertisement because building a network of new relations with customers etcetera will take long time because a relation is build with personal interaction between two parties. One can say that when entering a market with a new brand the person that acts in a brand name is more important than the brand name itself because you have a relationship with persons not with brand names. Suggestions for future research: As years go by everything changes. Therefore the development of relationship marketing in the future could be an interesting case to study. When the economical situation now changes from recession to a positive trend this could be such a change to analyse in a study. Another interesting research might be to evaluate the situation in other countries. Is relationship marketing equally important as it is in Sweden today or does its‘ importance change in accordance to what country you analyze? At last, one can analyze if it is a different situation when entering a new market with a new brand if you work with traditionally employed personnel than it is when working with self-employed organizations. If one is to enter a market with traditionally employees are there other strategies that are successful or is relationship marketing important as well? Contribution of the thesis: This study could be useful for entrepreneurs that seek new ways of gaining success in a market. It has pointed out the advantages of relationship marketing and networking and has shown it could be really successful in practice. I strongly believe on the importance of building relationships within all business areas. Being part of a world that more and more goes toward virtual interaction and increased competition within all areas, both local and worldwide, relationships could be a key to success.

The study assesses Adler and Barnett's (1998) three tier framework with a specific focus on the mature phase of their framework that emphasises mutual trust and collective identity as necessary conditions for establishing a security community. Adler and Barnett's (1998) three tier framework is applied to SADC's efforts of establishing a security community in the Southern African region. The study explores the reasoning behind SADC's creation with a specific focus on regional integration and how it defines its security architecture and political rationale. By focusing on regional integration and defining SADC's security architecture and political rationale the study outlines how the organisation is making efforts of establishing a security community. This is indicated by describing how SADC has attained the nascent and ascendant phase through its various initiatives and programmes such as the RISDP, SIPO I and II and MDP which provide evidence that there is a sense of cooperation and coordination among SADC member states. The study argues that SADC has reached the nascent and ascendant phase although the regional organisation has not yet progressed to the mature phase of establishing itself as a security community. The study critiques Adler and Barnett's (1998) third phase, which stresses the importance of two necessary conditions of mutual trust and collective identity. Mutual trust and collective identity are evaluated and analysed in respect of whether or not they are relatable and recognised within SADC as a possible emerging security community. The main finding of the study is that mutual trust and collective identity are not recognised in SADC in the manner in which Adler and Barnett (1998) describe them in their three tier framework. However SADC does make efforts to strengthen mutual trust, coordinate strategies and policies to develop collective identity, rather its efforts are not sufficient to make it a security community in the manner Adler and Barnett (1998) understand it. SADC continues to uphold a strict adherence to sovereignty, and is also characterised by domestic instability, lack of common norms and interests among member states and these are major problems for the organisation to create a security community. / Mini Dissertation (M Security Studies)--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Political Sciences / M Security Studies / Unrestricted

En serie dialogseminarier har genomförts med 5 företagare som deltagare. Syftet var att un­dersöka om det var möjligt att med dialogseminariemetoden lyfta fram denna yrkesgrupps yrkeskunnande. Det resultatet nådde jag inte. Jag tolkar orsakerna som att jag inte hade till­räcklig förståelse i handling av flera av de kritiska elementen som jag hade behövt behärs­ka för ett lyckat genomförande. Min intellektuella förståelse räckte inte till. Förståelse i handling var nödvändig. Det mest kritisk tror jag är bristerna i min förmåga att tolka andra männi­skors språkliga uttryck för praktisk erfaren­het / I have done a series of dialogue seminars with participants being 5 industrious individuals. The aim was to find out if it was possible to express the skills of this group of professionals. I did not reach this goal. I interpret the causes being my inadequate understanding in action of some of the critical element for a successful project outcome. My intellectual under­stan­ding was not enough. Understan­ding in action was necessary. The most critical element I be­lieve is my lack of ability in interpreting how other indivi­duals express their practical expe­rien­ce.

Although theory suggests the importance of the influence of selected human factors as antecedents to the efficiency of upstream supply chains, research findings of the actual influence human factors may have are lacking in evidence. This study examines its influence on the basis of a literature study as well as an empirical study in an attempt to find hard facts to its role in supply chain efficiency. Six different human factors were identified, based on opinions from key opinion leaders in this field of study and investigated its relevance by means of empirical research. Results suggest that the selected human factors that play a definite role in upstream supply chain efficiency are: individual’s principles, individual’s goals and company’s goals for the individual - common goals, personality, ability/trainability, general skills and training, and mutual trust and understanding. Findings presented interesting results that should influence the way management handles its human assets in the organisational environment. / Thesis (MBA)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Although theory suggests the importance of the influence of selected human factors as antecedents to the efficiency of upstream supply chains, research findings of the actual influence human factors may have are lacking in evidence. This study examines its influence on the basis of a literature study as well as an empirical study in an attempt to find hard facts to its role in supply chain efficiency. Six different human factors were identified, based on opinions from key opinion leaders in this field of study and investigated its relevance by means of empirical research. Results suggest that the selected human factors that play a definite role in upstream supply chain efficiency are: individual’s principles, individual’s goals and company’s goals for the individual - common goals, personality, ability/trainability, general skills and training, and mutual trust and understanding. Findings presented interesting results that should influence the way management handles its human assets in the organisational environment. / Thesis (MBA)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Trust between states and the principle of mutual trust in international law This thesis focuses on the role of trust in international law. The main objective is to assess the position and use of trust between states and in relevant areas and institutes of international law. Another key objective is to clarify the function of the principle of mutual trust. The thesis core is divided into three research areas. The first one aims to describe the use of principle of mutual trust and its application in international and European law. It addresses the question of who should carry the risk of trust. It concludes that the state which puts trust in another state should bear all the risks associated with it. The second area discusses confidence-building measures which are theoretically analyzed and further explored in the context of the current events of the ongoing Russian-Ukrainian conflict that started in the year 2014. The purpose of this section is to ascertain how trust is created between states, whether confidence-building measures are effective and what they bring into international law. The aim of this chapter is to ascertain how trust is created between states, whether confidence-building measures are effective and what they bring into international law. The author believes that trust between...

This thesis deals with the safe country concept; within which we can further distingiush two concepts - the one of a safe country of origin and that of a safe third country. When applying the safe country concept, states are limited by their obligations which stem from international law, in particular by the principle of non-refoulement. Furthermore, the concept of safe countries cannot be analyzed nor applied without taking the non-refoulement principle into consideration. The non-refoulement principle is therfore one of the main topics of this thesis. It is viewed primarily trough the lens of the definition given by the Geneva Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees of 1951 and the New York Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees of 1967. The goal of this thesis is to determine, whether the concept of safe countries is indeed in accordance with the non-refoulement principle. We will subsequently try to answer the question of how influential the principle is (and should be) in terms of states that follow the concept of safe countries. The main concern of this thesis is the application of the safe country concept in Europe, or more precisely in the European Union. The european safe country legislation belongs to the so-called Common European Asyulm System. The centrepiece of this legal...