八輕的興建由於具備提振經濟發展的功能，受到熱烈歡迎；卻也因為其對環境生態影響甚鉅，引發當地居民的反對聲浪，以及全國各地的環保團體串連抗議，導致進度延宕。這種經濟與環保衝突的鄰避型設施，在廠址的選擇上，因為必須要滿足社會大眾的需求，而成為環境決策相當重要的一環。只是，同樣渴望經濟發展的雲林縣與嘉義縣，為何八輕最後會選擇落腳雲林而非嘉義？決策過程中的利害關係人又是如何互動？研究結果發現，雖然政商聯盟在中央決策場域上佔有優勢，然廠址抉擇的關鍵仍在於地方的政治生態。嘉義黃林兩派對立的政治生態，讓主政黃派在爭取開發案上，因受到林派為反對而反對的掣肘，中油倍感經營不易而退出；在雲林張派獨大的情形下，沒有足以抗衡的反對勢力，而有利於八輕的進駐。此外，無論在中央或地方的層級，環保團體都企圖在政治力的夾縫中求生存，以阻擋政商聯盟的不正義開發。地方民眾則因利益不同而選擇與派系或環保團體結盟。 / The building of 8th Naphtha Cracking Project is so popular because of its function of promoting economic development. However, local residents have great opposition to it because of its giant influence on environment. Furthermore, the series of representations from the environmental groups have made the work progress at a very low pace. The siting of nimby facility which causes the conflict between economic development and environment protection has become an important part of decision making because it has to satisfy all kinds of needs in the society. Then, we may wonder why 8th Naphtha Cracking Project chooses Yun-lin County instead of Chia-yi County since both of them are eager to develop their own economics, and how the stakeholders interact during the decision making process. The study finds out that politicoeconomic coalitions control the national political arena, and they seem to monopolize decision making process. But the local political ecology is the key to siting. In Chia-yi County, Huang Faction is in confrontation with Lin Faction. Although Huang Faction makes efforts to win the developing project, Lin Faction just protests without particular reasons. Finally, CPC gives up the project because it is so difficult to run business in this situation. On the other hand, Chang Faction is so dominant that there is no political opposition movement in Yun-lin County. And that fosters the coming of 8th Naphtha Cracking Project. In addition, no matter in central or local level, environmental groups try to influence policy to prevent the unjust development from politicoeconomic coalitions. And the local residents enter into strategic coalitions with factions or environmental groups due to different interests.

近年來，隨著能源價格不斷飆漲以及溫室氣體大量排放造成的氣候異常變化，引起世界各國對於提高能源使用效率與加強溫室氣體排放管制的重視。溫室氣體大多由化石燃料燃燒所產生。因此，一般被視為能耗較高的發電、鋼鐵、水泥以及石化等產業，遂成為眾所矚目而被要求加強溫室氣體排放管制的主要產業。未來的產業發展規劃，必需兼顧經濟與環保，否則必將被世界潮流所淹沒。 因應全球溫室氣體排放管制趨勢，就台灣經濟發展面、財政建設面、環境永續經營面等層面考量分析，現階段石化產業之發展應對產業競爭力及環境保護做更多且更審慎的考量。於產業競爭力部分，建議中油開放民營，並運用部份釋股取得的資金，一方面引進先進的製程技術及進行設備更新，提升企業競爭力；另一方面整合國內仰賴台灣中油公司供料且在各產品領域擁有數十年營運經驗的中下游業者，建構泛中油體系的石化經營團隊。如此泛中油體系與國內另一石化產品鏈已相當完整的台塑體系，形成兩大石化體系，互為良性競爭。於環境保護方面，則建議我國應終止國光石化投資案，降低溫室氣體排放量，並藉提升廠商製程效率減少能耗，如此將使經濟發展及環境保護得以兼顧，亦達成原興建國光計畫之目的。 而未來台灣石化產業發展策略，技術發展需長期向下扎根，產品則朝高值化、精緻化發展，開發低能耗、低污染之替代能源，提升產品的附加價值，並將大宗石化耗能的產品移往海外能源低廉的地區，持續提升產業競爭力，並達成溫室氣體減少排放為目標。如是，台灣在環境保護日益重視之趨勢下，石化產業也得以永續發展。 / The high energy cost and the unusual climate change due to increasing green house gases（GHG）emission in recent years have attracted the global attentions and called for improvement of energy utilization efficiency and enhancement of GHG emission control. GHG are mostly produced by the combustion of fossil fuels. And the higher energy consumption industries such as power generation, steel, cement and petrochemical industries are thus strongly requested to reduce GHG emission. Economic development and environmental protection both are needed to be equally evaluated in the planning of future industry development. Taking petrochemical industry as an example, many of its mid-stream and down-stream products have become an unseparable part and of our daily life. In Taiwan, it has been over half century since the establishment of petrochemical industry, and now become top 10 petrochemical production countries in the world. The production value of petrochemical-related industries are very close to 4 trillion NT dollars, about 30% of total production value of domestic manufacturing sectors. Petrochemical industry and electronic industry are the two strong arms in supporting national economic growth. As a very important industry in Taiwan, however, the intensity of its GHG emission is only next to steel industry. The significant technology improvement in petrochemical industry has been achieved since the installation of the existing refinery, naphtha crackers and many petrochemical mid-stream production plants in Taiwan. It is well recognized that the GHG emission will be greatly reduced if the advanced technologies are introduced and the old facilities are revamped. Therefore, the writer would like to address a different approach toward KuoKuang Petrochemical Project which the government is giving an impetus to its execution. Here the writer would propose Taiwan CPC company, the state-owned petroleum company and the leader of Kuokuang Petrochemical Project, to become privatized after asset re-evaluation and collect some government capital from privatization through issuance of part of its shares to the open market. The capital thus collected can be used for enterprise reform. The important items of the enterprise reform include but not limited to introduction of the advanced technologies, revamping of existing facilities and establishment of a new well-integrated petrochemical conglomerate through mutual investment between Taiwan CPC and the mid-stream companies that rely raw material supplies from Taiwan CPC. From viewpoints of both economy and environment, government policy of implementation of KuoKuang Petrochemical Project is worthy for reconsideration. Formation of a CPC-lead petrochemical conglomerate would also benefit the current petrochemical companies that rely on raw material supplies from Taiwan CPC as their operation efficiencies would improved from business intergration. The newly formed conglomerate would be more powerful in further business development and more competitive in world market. They would have more resources to explore their potential in advanced technology development, in new business fields such as biomass energy, solar energy and so on. The CPC-lead petrochemical conglomerate would be able to enchance its competitiveness to another domestic petrochemical giant, Taiwan Formosa Group, and other petrochemical giants in the global market.