Orientador: Deilson Elgui de Oliveira / Coorientador: Ramon Kaneno / Banca: Flávia Karina Delella / Banca: Bryan Eric Strauss / Resumo: O vírus de Epstein-Barr (Epstein-Barr virus - EBV) infecta latentemente mais de 90% da população humana. A infecção viral está associada ao desenvolvimento de alguns cânceres, incluindo o carcinoma de nasofaringe. Alguns estudos sugerem a contribuição na evasão imune e progressão dos cânceres causados pelo EBV. Diferentes variantes da proteína latente de membrana 1 (LMP1), principal produto do EBV, são discriminadas, principalmente, por variações nos domínios transmembrana e carboxi-terminais da proteína. O domínio C-terminal de LMP1 é capaz de ativar vias de sinalização intracelular que regulam os fenômenos de migração e invasão celular. Adicionalmente, induz síntese de produtos que degradam a matriz extracelular e favorecem a angiogênese. Até o momento, não se sabe se diferentes variantes de LMP1 apresentam propriedades distintas no que se refere a esses fenômenos do escape imune e progressão tumoral. Assim sendo, no presente estudo avaliamos a influência das variantes de LMP1 sobre a capacidade de migração e invasão celular in vitro e a imunomodulação de HLA-ABC e HLA-DR, CD80, CD83, CD54, CD40 e PD-L1 nas linhagens celulares HEK293T e NP69. Observamos que as variantes Alaskan, Med+, China 1 e China 2 induziram a migração celular da linhagem NP69 de maneira distinta quando comparadas entre si e com a célula sem LMP1. Observamos, também, maior capacidade de invasão celular das células HEK293T-China 2 em comparação à HEK293T. Com relação à expressão de moléculas envolvidas na modulação da resposta imune, observamos que a transfecção de LMP1 aumentou a expressão de CD80 e CD83 apenas nas células NP69-Alaskan, e de CD54 e PD-L1 de maneira similar nas células NP69-LMP1. Conclui-se, portanto, que LMP1 promove migração distinta das células NP69-LMP1 e invasão de células HEK293T-China 2, e modula a expressão de moléculas envolvidas no escape imunológico / Abstract: The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latently infects more than 90% of human adults. Viral infection is associated to the development of some cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncogenic potential of the virus is usually studied in terms of its capacity to transform the infected cells nevertheless some studies suggest that the EBV infection may also contribute to immune evasion, and cancer progression. Several latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) variants are described, discriminated mainly by variations in its C-terminal and the transmembrane domains of the protein. LMP1 C-terminal domain activate intracellular signaling pathways that regulated cell migration; moreover, LMP1 upregulate the expression of cell proteins with roles in extracellular matrix remodeling and angiogenesis. Currently it is unknown whether different LMP1 variants possess distinct properties regarding biological phenomena relevant to immune evasion, and cancer progression. Thus, in the present study we evaluated the in vitro migration and invasiveness, and immunomodulation of HLA-ABC, HLA-DR, CD80, CD83, CD54, CD40, and PD-L1 of HEK293T cells, and NP69 cells. We observed that Alaskan, Med+, China 1, and China 2 stimulates distinctly migration of NP69 when compared to cell without LMP1. We also saw that HEK293T-China 2 had a pronounced cellular invasion when compared to HEK293T. In regard of expression of molecules involved in immune response modulation, we observed that LMP1 enhanced expression of CD80, and CD83 in NP69-Alaskan cells; and CD54, and PD-L1 in a similar level in NP69-LMP1 cells. In summary, LMP1 promote distinct cellular migration in NP69LMP1 cells, and HEK293T-China 2 invasion, and is capable of modulate molecules involved in immune evasion / Mestre

Orientador: Ary dos Santos-Pinto / Banca: Ana Maria Bolognese / Banca: Dirceu Barnabé Raveli / Banca: Luiz Gonzaga Gandini Junior / Banca: Roberto Hideo Shimizu / Resumo: Introdução: O presente estudo foi dividido em três capítulos: Capítulo I - Avaliação do crescimento craniofacial em indivíduos com maloclusão Classe II, divisão 1, em função do padrão respiratório; Capítulo II - Influência do padrão respiratório no perfil tegumentar e nas vias aéreas respiratórias em indivíduos com maloclusão Classe II, divisão 1; Capítulo III - Influência do padrão respiratório nas dimensões dentárias de indivíduos Classe II, divisão 1, não tratados ortodonticamente. Material e Método: Na realização dos dois primeiros capítulos, foram utilizadas 80 telerradiografias em norma lateral, e no Capítulo III, 66 pares de modelos, obtidos em dois momentos, com um intervalo de tempo médio de 2 anos e 5 meses. A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos: grupo 1 composto por indivíduos respiradores nasais (RN) e grupo 2 composto por respiradores bucais (RB). Todos os indivíduos apresentavam maloclusão Classe II, 1, não tratados ortodonticamente. Capítulo I: Foram realizadas medidas cefalométricas esqueléticas para as seguintes avaliações: crescimento maxilar, crescimento mandibular, relação maxilo-mandibular, padrão de crescimento. Capítulo II: realizaram-se medidas cefalométricas angulares e lineares, ântero-posteriores e verticais do perfil tegumentar e medidas cefalométricas lineares das vias aéreas. Capítulo III: Foram realizadas medidas dentárias para avaliação de distância intermolares, distância intercaninos, perímetro de arco, comprimento de arco e índice de irregularidade de Little. Proposição: avaliar a influência do padrão respiratório no crescimento, no perfil tegumentar, nas vias aéreas e nas características dentárias. Resultados e Conclusões: Os resultados demonstraram que: Capítulo I: as medidas ENA-H, Co-Go, SNGoMe e S-Go apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significantes quando comparados... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Introduction: This study was structured into three chapters. Chapter I - Evaluation of craniofacial growth in subjects with Class II, division 1, in according on the breathing pattern. Chapter II - Influence of respiratory pattern in soft tissue profile and the airways in subjects with Class II, division 1. Chapter III - Influence of respiratory pattern in the dental dimensions of Class II, division 1 patients, not treated orthodontically. Material and Method: It was used in the first and second chaperts, 80 cephalometrics radiographs, and in Chapter III, 66 pairs of casts, obtained in two moments, with a time interval of 2 years and 5 months. Were divided into two groups: group 1 composed by nasal-breathers (NB) and Group 2 the mouth-breathers (MB). All of them have Class II, division 1 malocclusion, not orthodontic treatment. Chapert I: Skeletal cephalometric measurements were taken for the following assessments: maxillary growth, mandibular growth, maxillomandibular relationship and growth pattern. Chapert II: Angular cephalometric measurements were taken, anteroposterior and vertical soft tissue profile cephalometric measurements and analysis of the airways. Chapter III: Dental measurements were performed for evaluation of intermolar distance, intercanine distance, arch perimeter, arch length and the Little irregularity index. Proposition: evaluate the influence of respiratory pattern in skeletal measurements, in the soft tissue profile, airway and dental. Results and Conclusions: Chapter I: the measures ENA-H, Co-Go, SNGoMe and S-Go were statistically significant differences. Subjetcs MB showed a smaller displacement for anterior maxilla, a smaller growth in the industry, a smaller increase in posterior facial height and maintenance of the mandibular plane inclination, while the NB had an anterior rotation of the mandible. Chapter II: there was no statistically significant... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Thesis (MTech (Radiography))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012 / Background and purpose The primary aim of this study was to analyse the accuracy and reproducibility of radiation treatment to patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma at the only tertiary teaching and referral hospital in Kenya. The secondary objective was to review literature on quality assurance procedures that would result to provision of quality radiation treatment to this group of patients. Materials and method During the period May 2011 to March 2012, 35 patients with head and neck cancer comprising of 27 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, 7 with paranasal sinus carcinoma and 1 with lymphoma falling within the enrolment criteria were treated using Equinox cobalt-60 unit with the same beam arrangement and were studied prospectively. Radical radiotherapy was delivered using conventional 2D technique in a routine dose of 60-66Gy to the primary and 50Gy to lymph nodes with additional dose to residual neck nodes. During the period of their treatment, a lateral portal image was taken once weekly. Four film image pairs were obtained per patient with each patient positioned and immobilised in an individualised Orfit thermoplastic mask and a head and neck support. The 4 portal images were compared to a corresponding simulator film taken during simulation planning. Deviations from the varied bony landmarks were measured on the portal images and simulator image from the centre of the radiation beam.

According to the cancer stem cells (CSCs) hypothesis, CSCs are responsible for the treatment failures. CSCs are a subset of cells possessing stemness properties within the heterogeneous tumor mass. Therapeutic intervention on Wnt signaling is of our great interest because an aberrant Wnt signaling is an important driver to maintain the potency of CSCs. In nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), deregulated expression of the Wnt signaling components is frequently observed. ICG-001 is a selective Wnt modulator (CBP antagonist) that specifically interrupts the interaction between β-catenin and CBP, thereby encourages the interaction between β-catenin and p300 and the subsequent differentiation and reduction of the CSCs subset. For this reason, the present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of ICG-001 in NPC. Results showed that ICG-001 inhibited both the migration of the NPC cells and the formation of tumor spheres. In the first part of the mechanistic studies (Chapter 3), ICG-001 was found to restore the expression of miR-150 in NPC cells. MiR-150 was further found to directly reduce CD44 expression and inhibit NPC cell migration. In the second part of the mechanistic studies (Chapter 4), ICG-001 was found to reduce the expression of Evi1 in NPC cells. The effect was accompanied with the inhibition of both the NPC cells migration and the tumor spheres formation. Two molecular axes, namely miR-96/Evi1/miR-449a and survivin/Evi1/miR-449a, were found to be involved in the inhibition of the tumor cell migration and spheroids formation. The therapeutic potential of using this CBP antagonist (ICG-001) in NPC, namely the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of ICG-001 combined with cisplatin, was examined (Chapter 5). Concurrent treatment of ICG-001 and cisplatin exhibited a synergistic inhibition on the in vitro growth and the tumor sphere forming capacity of NPC cells as well as the growth of NPC xenografts. Taken together, results presented in this thesis suggested that ICG-001 (PRI-724 is the analog of ICG-001 currently used in clinical trials) has a therapeutic potential in NPC.

Objetivo: Analisar a atividade velofaríngea (VF) de indivíduos com disfunção velofaríngea (DVF) aferida por rinometria acústica, comparativamente à atividade observada por nasofaringoscopia. Modelo: Estudo clínico prospectivo. Participantes: 25 indivíduos com fissura de palato±lábio reparada e DVF residual, adultos, de ambos os sexos. Variáveis analisadas: Variação volumétrica da nasofaringe (V) na produção da plosiva velar /k/ relativamente ao repouso, aferida por rinometria, e, padrão e extensão do movimento VF no /k/, avaliados por juízes, em registros nasofaringoscópicos. Resultados: Observou-se uma redução média no volume da nasofaringe (V) de 15%, significantemente menor (p<0.05) que a variação percentual de referência (30%). Em 72% dos pacientes, a redução foi <3cm3, resultado compatível com o diagnóstico da DVF, e em 28%, foi 3cm3, apesar da DVF. O padrão de gap circular (CI) foi observado em 76% dos casos e o coronal (CO) em 24%. A extensão do movimento VF foi julgada adequada(A), moderada(M) e inadequada(I) em 64%, 24% e 18%, respectivamente. O V não diferiu entre CI e CO e entre A, M e I. Tendência a aumento do V com o aumento da extensão do movimento foi observada. A concordância entre os métodos no diagnóstico da DVF ocorreu em 56% dos casos. Conclusão: A rinometria foi capaz de identificar o comprometimento da atividade VF na maioria dos indivíduos estudados. Contudo, a variação volumétrica da nasofaringe não mostrou correlação com o padrão e a extensão do movimento VF, possivelmente por questões metodológicas. Estudos complementares são necessários para definir a acurácia do teste rinométrico na identificação da DVF. / Objective: To analyze velopharyngeal (VP) activity of subjects with VP dysfunction (VPD) by acoustic rhinometry, compared to the activity observed by nasoendoscopy. Model: Prospective clinical study. Participants: 25 adults with repaired cleft palate±lip and residual VPD, of both genders. Outcome measures: Nasopharyngeal volume change (V) during the production of the velar plosive /k/ compared to the rest condition, measured by rhinometry, and VP closure pattern and VP structures movement during /k/ production, rated by blinded judges by observing nasoendoscopy recordings. Results: A mean nasopharyngeal volume decrease of 15% was observed, significantly lower (p<0.05) than the reference percentage of change (30%). In 72% of patients reduction was <3cm3, compatible with VPD diagnosis, and in 28%, there was a change 3cm3, despite VPD. A circular gap (CI) was observed in 76% of patients and a coronal gap (CO) in 24%. The VP movement was judged to be adequate (A), moderate (M) and inadequate (I) in 64%, 24% and 18%, respectively. V did not differ between CI and CO and between A, M and I. A tendency for a V increase with increasing VP movement was observed. Absolute agreement between the two methods was observed in 56% of patients. Conclusion: Rhinometry was able to identify the impairment of VP activity in most subjects. However, nasopharyngeal volume changes showed no correlation with the pattern and range of VP movement, possibly due to methodological issues. Additional studies are needed to define the rhinometric test\'s accuracy in identifying VPD.

Objetivo: Analisar as áreas seccionais, distâncias e volumes de segmentos específicos da cavidade nasal de crianças com fissura de lábio e palato unilateral, comparativamente a crianças sem fissura, por rinometria acústica. Modelo: Estudo prospectivo. Local de Execução: Laboratório de Fisiologia, HRAC-USP. Participantes: Trinta e nove crianças com fissura transforame unilateral e 34 crianças sem fissura, de ambos os sexos, com idade de 6 a 9 anos. Intervenções/Variáveis: Foram avaliadas as áreas seccionais correspondentes ao 2º, 3º e 4º entalhes do rinograma (AST1, AST2 e AST3), suas respectivas distâncias (d1, d2, d3) e os volumes nos segmentos correspondentes a 1-3,2cm (V1), 3,3-6,4cm (V2) e 7-12cm (V3), relativamente à narina, antes e após a aplicação tópica de vasoconstritor nasal (VC), utilizando um Rinômetro Acústico Eccovision-Hood Laboratories. Resultados: No lado fissurado (LF) as médias (±DP) de AST1, AST2, AST3 (em cm2), d1, d2 e d3 (em cm) e V1, V2 e V3 (em cm3) foram: 0,17±0,12, 0,29±0,20, 0,40±0,28, 2,02±0,40, 3,74±0,51, 5,50±0,44, 0,54±0,30, 1,22±0,86 e 4,52±3,37, respectivamente. No lado não-fissurado (LNF) as médias corresponderam a 0,33±0,11, 0,65±0,28, 0,90±0,43, 1,69±0,48, 3,67±0,53, 5,60±0,70, 1,04±0,37, 2,57±1,20, 8,77±4,85, respectivamente. As médias de AST e V em LF foram estatisticamente menores e a média de d1 foi maior que as observadas em LNF e no grupo controle, antes e após o uso do VC (p<0,05). A vasoconstrição provocou aumento dos valores de AST e V em ambos os grupos. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos mostram significativo comprometimento da permeabilidade nasal em crianças com fissura labiopalatina unilateral. / Objective: To evaluate cross-sectional areas, distances and volumes of specific segments of the nasal cavity of children with unilateral cleft lip and palate, compared to children without cleft, by acoustic rhinometry. Design: Prospective analysis. Setting: Laboratory of Physiology, HRAC-USP. Participants: Thirty-nine children with unilateral cleft lip and palate and 34 controls without cleft, of both genders, aged 6 to 9 years. Interventions/Variables: Cross-sectional areas measured at the 2nd, 3rd and 4th notches in the rhinogram (CSA1, CSA2 and CSA3), their distances from the nostril (d1, d2 and d3) and volumes measured at 1-3.2cm (V1), 3.3-6.4cm (V2) and 7-12cm (V3) from the nostril were evaluated by means of an Eccovision Acoustic Rhinometer-Hood Laboratories, before and after nasal decongestion. Results: At the cleft side (CS), the mean values (±SD) of CSA1, CSA2, CSA3 (in cm2), d1, d2 and d3 (in cm) and V1, V2 e V3 (in cm3) were: 0.17±0.12, 0.29±0.20, 0.40±0.28, 2.02±0.40, 3.74±0.51, 5.50±0.44, 0.54±0.30, 1.22±0.86 and 4.52±3.37, respectively. At the non-cleft side (NCS) mean values corresponded to 0.33±0.11, 0.65±0.28, 0.90±0.43, 1.69±0.48, 3.67±0.53, 5.60±0.70, 1.04±0.37, 2.57±1.20, and 8.77±4.85, respectively. CSA and V means at CS were significantly lower and d1 mean was higher than NCS and control means, before and after decongestion (p<0.05). Increased CSA and V mean values were seen after decongestion in both groups. Conclusion: The results show a significant impairment of nasal patency in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Objetivo: Determinar as áreas seccionais e os volumes de segmentos específicos da cavidade nasal, incluindo a nasofaringe, de indivíduos sem evidências de obstrução nasal, e os mesmos volumes na produção da fala, com vistas ao estabelecimento de valores de referência. Modelo: Análise prospectiva. Local de Execução: Laboratório de Fisiologia, HRAC-USP. Participantes: 30 voluntários caucasianos, com idade entre 18 e 30 anos, sendo 14 homens e 16 mulheres. Intervenções/Variáveis: Foram avaliadas, por rinometria acústica, áreas de secção transversa nos segmentos correspondentes à válvula nasal (AST1), região anterior da concha nasal inferior (AST2) e região posterior da concha nasal inferior (AST3) e volumes, nos segmentos correspondentes à região da válvula nasal (V1), dos cornetos (V2) e da nasofaringe (V3). As medidas foram feitas antes e após a descongestão nasal, no repouso (suspensão voluntária da respiração) e durante a atividade velofaríngea (produção contínua e silenciosa do fonema /f/). Resultados: Os valores médios (±DP) das áreas (em cm2) e volumes (em cm3) obtidos no repouso, foram: AST1=0,54±0,13, AST2=0,98±0,31, AST3=1,42±0,44, V1=1,68±0,32, V2=3,98±1,12 e V3=18,93±3,51. Após a DN os valores foram significantemente maiores (p<0,05). Na fala, os volumes foram os seguintes: V1=1,80±0,22; V2=4,22±1,20; V3=15,32±5,40. O valor de V3 na fala foi significantemente menor que o observado na ausência de atividade velofaríngea (p<0,05). Conclusão: A comparação das áreas seccionais e dos volumes obtidos com os relatados na literatura validam seu uso como valores de referência, assim como o emprego da rinometria acústica como método de avaliação objetiva da geometria nasal e da atividade velofaríngea na fala. / Objective: To determine cross-sectional areas and volumes of specific segments of the nasal cavity, including the nasopharyngeal region, of individuals without evidences of nasal obstruction, and the same volumes during speech, with the purpose of establishing reference values. Model: Prospective analysis. Setting: Laboratory of Physiology, HRAC-USP. Participants: 30 caucasians volunteers, aged between 18 and 30 years (14 males and 16 females). Intervention/Variables: Cross-sectional areas corresponding to the nasal valve (CSA1), anterior edge of the inferior turbinate (CSA2) and posterior edge of the inferior turbinate (CSA3), and volumes corresponding to the nasal valve (V1), turbinate (V2) and nasopharyngeal regions (V3) were evaluated. Measurements were performed by acoustic rhinometry before and after nasal decongestion, at rest (voluntary interruption of respiration) and during velopharyngeal activity (silent continuous production of the sound /f/). Results: Mean values (±SD) of areas (in cm2) and volumes (in cm3) were the following: CSA1=0,54±0,13, CSA2=0,98±0,31, CSA3=1,42±0,44, V1=1,68±0,32, V2=3,98±1,12 and V3=18,93±3,51. After decongestion, the values were significantly larger (p<0,05). During speech, volumes were the following: V1=1,80±0,22; V2=4,22±1,20; V3=15,32±5,40. Nasopharyngeal volume (V3) measured during speech was significantly smaller than at rest (p<0,05). Conclusion: The comparison of the nasal cross-sectional areas and volumes obtained with those reported in the literature validate their use as reference values and the use of acoustic rhinometry to assess nasal geometry and velopharyngeal activity during speech.

A expansão rápida da maxila é o procedimento ortodôntico/ortopédico mais utilizado para a correção da mordida cruzada posterior, maloclusão frequentemente encontrada em pacientes respiradores bucais. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da expansão rápida da maxila sobre o volume da naso e orofaringe de crianças portadoras de mordida cruzada posterior, por meio da tomografia computadorizada convencional. Foram selecionadas 32 crianças com respiração bucal e/ou mista, de ambos os gêneros, na faixa etária de sete a dez anos de idade, em fase de dentição mista, portadoras de mordida cruzada posterior, uni ou bilateral, sem qualquer tipo de tratamento otorrinolaringológico ou ortodôntico. Os exames de tomografia computarizada foram realizados 15 meses após a expansão. Os resultados mostraram que não houve aumento estatisticamente significativo, tanto no volume e na área da nasofaringe como no volume e na área da orofaringe após a expansão rápida da maxila. Pode-se concluir que a a expansão rápida da maxila não produz alterações sobre a área e o volume da naso e orofaringe de crianças respiradoras bucais, portadoras de mordida cruzada posterior. / Rapid maxillary expansion is the most commonly used orthodontic/orthopedic procedure for the correction of posterior crossbite, a malocclusion frequently found in mouth breathing patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of rapid maxillary expansion on the naso and oropharynx volume of children with posterior crossbite using conventional computed tomography. Thirty-two children with oral and/or mixed breathing were selected from both genders, at the age group from 07 to 10 years old, during the mixed dentition phase, with posterior or bilateral bite, without any otorhinolaryngological or orthodontic treatment. CT scans were performed 15 months after the expansion. The results showed that there was no statistically significant increase in both the volume and area of the nasopharynx and in the volume and area of the oropharynx after rapid maxillary expansion. It can be concluded that the rapid expansion of the maxilla does not produce changes in the area and volume of the naso and oropharynx of mouth breathing children with posterior crossbite.

Abstract New rapid methods for sensitive and specific detection of pneumococci are not only needed to improve the diagnosis of pneumococcal disease but are also essential for vaccine and carriage studies. The purpose of this study was to develop sensitive PCR methods for the detection and quantification of S. pneumoniae and to study the applicability of these methods to detecting pneumococci in clinical samples. A previously described PCR method was first developed further by introducing a Europium-labelled hybridisation probe for the detection of amplification products. The hybridisation method was easy to use and improved the specificity of the PCR assay. The developed PCR assay was established as a sensitive method for detecting pneumococcal DNA when the presence of pneumococcal DNA in over 2500 middle ear fluid (MEF) samples of children with acute otitis media (AOM) was studied by using the method. Pneumococcal findings increased by 76% when using PCR detection in addition to culture, compared to using culture alone. However, the PCR-positive, culture-negative AOM events represented a less severe type of disease compared to the culture-positive events. A positive PCR finding seems to indicate the presence of viable, although often non-culturable pneumococci within the middle ear cleft. To be able to rapidly detect and quantify the initial numbers of pneumococcal genome copies in clinical samples, a real-time PCR method for the detection and quantification of pneumococcal DNA was developed. In real-time PCR, amplification and detection of amplification products occur simultaneously, which makes it possible to monitor the phase of the reaction at a particular stage or continuously. The method developed here was applied to the analysis of MEF samples and to investigating the nasopharyngeal carriage of pneumococcus. The sensitivities of bacterial culture and real-time PCR in detecting pneumococci were also compared. The real-time PCR assay was found to be rapid and sensitive and to provide information about the differences between the numbers of bacteria in samples. However, the quantitative results were shown to be dependent on the DNA extraction method applied. The real-time PCR method developed appears to be a good aid in research where an accurate and sensitive pneumococcal diagnosis is needed.

Os objetivos do presente estudo foram: 1) mensurar e descrever as medidas de extensão e espessura do véu palatino e da profundidade da nasofaringe em indivíduos com fissura transforame unilateral operada (FTU) que apresentavam disfunção velofaríngea (DVF); 2) calcular e descrever a razão entre a profundidade da nasofaringe e a extensão do véu palatino; 3) comparar as medidas encontradas para os indivíduos deste estudo com as normas descritas por SUBTELNY (1957); 4) comparar as medidas encontradas entre os sexos masculino e feminino; 5) comparar as medidas encontradas para os indivíduos que receberam palatoplastia com procedimento de Furlow (FW) com as medidas daqueles que receberam procedimento de Von Langenbeck (VL); 6) correlacionar as medidas encontradas com as idades dos indivíduos. A casuística foi constituída de 30 indivíduos com FTU e DVF, sendo 15 meninas e 15 meninos, com média de idade de 6 anos e 11 meses. Desses 30, 10 tiveram o palato operado pela técnica de FW e 20 pela de VL, entre as idades de 9 e 18 meses. Para definição da conduta para correção da DVF, todos os indivíduos foram submetidos ao exame de videofluoroscopia. Uma imagem em tomada lateral do MVF em repouso fisiológico foi selecionada e editada em um DVD para análise e mensuração das estruturas velofaríngeas de interesse. Três fonoaudiólogas experientes em videofluoroscopia realizaram as mensurações. Os resultados indicaram média de 27,4 mm para as medidas de extensão do véu palatino, de 9,7 mm para as de espessura do véu palatino, de 22,7 mm para as de profundidade da nasofaringe e de 0,86 para a razão entre a profundidade da nasofaringe e a extensão do véu palatino. Comparando os resultados do presente estudo com os de Subtelny (1957) diferença significante foi encontrada para as medidas da espessura do véu palatino, da profundidade da nasofaringe e da razão entre a profundidade da nasofaringe e a extensão do véu palatino. Os resultados também demonstraram diferença significante entre a média das medidas de extensão do véu palatino nos sexos masculino e feminino. Não houve diferença significante entre a média das medidas das estruturas avaliadas para os indivíduos operados pela técnica de FW nem pelos operados pela VL. Não houve correlação significante entre a variável idade e as medidas obtidas. / The objectives of the present study were: 1) to measure and to describe length and thickness of the velum and depth of nasopharynx for individuals with unilateral operated cleft lip and palate (UCLP) with velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD); 2) to calculate and describe the depth of nasopharynx to velar length ratio (D/L); 3) to compare measures found for the individuals in this study with the norms described by Subtelny (1957) for normal individuals; 4) to compare the measures between males and females; 5) to compare the measures between individuals who received palatoplasty with the Furlow (FW) procedure to those who received the Von Langenbeck (VL) procedure; 6) correlate measures between different ages. The sample included 30 individuals with UCLP and VPD, 15 girls and 15 boys, with mean age of 6y11m. Ten individuals had palatoplasty with FW procedure and 20 with VL, between the ages of 9 and 18 months. For identifying best procedure for correcting VPD all individuals were submitted to videofluoroscopy assessment. A lateral view of the velopharyngeal mechanism during rest was selected and edited into a DVD, for analysis and measurement of the velopharyngeal structures of interest. Three speech-language pathologists experienced in videofluoroscopic assessment obtained all measures studied. The results revealed a mean velar length of 27.4 mm; mean velar thickness of 9.7 mm; mean depth of nasopharynx of 22.7 mm; D/L of 0.86. Comparing these results to Subtelny\'s (1957) a significant difference was found for measures of velar thickness, depth of nasopharynx velar length and D/L. Significant difference was found between males and females only for velar length. No significant differences were found between different techniques for palatoplasty. There was no significant correlation between age and the measurements obtained.