In Introduction, the author of this dissertation deals with postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE), hereditary and acquired risk factors, prophylaxis regimens and recent recommendation of VTE prevention in surgery. In Practical part of this work the author assesses the risk of VTE in surgical patients according to risk assessment model. Genetic testing is carried out in all patients to determine the incidence of hereditary thrombophilia and coagulation markers are measured in 28-days postoperative period. Prevalence of VTE in 1-year postoperative period is observed. The results are analysed in group of patients with benign disease (hernia and gallstone disease) and group of patients with malignancy (colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer) separately. The objective of this work is to determine the incidence of the most frequent thrombophilic mutations (factor V Leiden mutation and protrombin G20210A mutation) and assess the impact of hereditary thrombophilia on incidence of postoperative venous thromboembolism in general surgery. Validation of venous thrombosis risk assessment model recommended by Czech Society for Thrombosis and Hemostasis is further objective.

(in English): The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyse an availability of care for people mostly in productive age suffering from Parkinson's disease. In the first part, the author describes in a detail symptoms and medical treatment of the disease with an emphasis on the effects of these symptoms on life of patient and his/her surroundings. Following part pay attention to a specific group of so-called Young Onset, or younger patients. Finally, the thesis analyses the current state of the care in the Czech Republic with a comparison to a Dutch model. After exposing problematic spots in the Czech model, the author offers recommendations for viable changes in the institutional care system. The technique of analysing secondary literature was used in order to achieve the aim of this thesis.

The diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases leading to dementia is increasingly moving to the earlier stages in an effort to find the disease-modifying treatment for these diseases. Prodromal and preclinical stages of the diseases have become the primary research interests. Neuropsychology is specifically focused on early cognitive markers and development of methods that would be able to reliably assess these markers and to evaluate the risk of progression of cognitive decline in individual cases. The theoretical part of the thesis presents the current knowledge in the field of neurodegenerative diseases, it is specifically focused on Alzheimer's disease (AD) as the most common cause of dementia. We also present the current trends in neuropsychological diagnostics of early AD and the approach to subjective and objective evaluation of cognitive functioning. Building on that, we present the rationale for the empirical part of the thesis. The empirical part of the thesis extends the existing knowledge in the field of AD. We present and discuss seven original publications that follow three basic objectives: first, to characterize subjective cognitive complaints of individuals at risk of AD, second, to evaluate the potential of selected standard and experimental neuropsychological methods to detect...

Pro les of cognitive de cit and the use of a short neuropsychological battery in di erent types of dementia Eva Bolceková Abstract This work focuses on cognitive de cit pro les and the use of a short neuropsychological battery in patients with di erent types of dementia. Increasing prevalence of dementia syndromes highlights the need of their e cient diagnostics in clinical-psychological practice. Theoretical part of this work presents an overview of neurodegenerative diseases with em- phasis on their neuropsychological presentation. We describe the cogni- tive domains and their neuropsychological examination. We address in detail the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and its experimental Czech version. Research part of the work is based on neuropsychological examinations of 311 patients with cognitive de cit and 118 healthy controls. Patients' group is comprised of subjects with Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment, vascular cognitive impairment, Lewy Body disease, frontotemporal lobar degene- ration and patients with depression. We assess their cognitive pro les, present sensitivity, speci city, positive and negativne predictive values of RBANS scores for the groups and compare the results of control subjects with the original normative sample. We...

The main aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze the problem of anorexia from Foucault's perspective. The first hypothesis is that this 'pathology' is rather a social construction which has its origins in social norms and standards that operate in the society to make firm distinction between the normal and the pathological, the ideal and the unacceptable. In this study we will use Foucault's theory of power and discipline, the concept of biopower and also his critics of psychiatry. At the same time, we will complete our survey with the concept of construction and deconstruction of Jacques Derrida and with the social identity theory of Judith Butler.

Involvement of people with experience of disease as a peer consultant in social and health services is a new phenomenon in the care of people with mental illness. The way the peer consultant works and his involvement in the team of experts is related to the different ethical contexts and aspects that each organization must prepare if it wants to implement this position. The experience of peer consultants is also a testimony of the status of people with mental illness in society, stigmatization and the need to help people in a similar situation. Klíčová slova illness, mental, care, psychiatric, altruism, solidarity, society, belonging, ethics, services, social, health, helping, sharing

The theme of the thesis is the issue of planning social services for people affected by Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia in the territory of the Hradec Králové region. Alzheimer's disease is among the most common causes of dementia, and the number of patients with the disease continues to grow. It is the increase in the number of clients with the disease that creates a new challenge to ensure the availability of social services, so that an individual approach is maintained in view of the patients' specific needs. The thesis contains a theoretical and an empirical part. The theoretical part briefly describes the clinical picture of Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, this section focuses on the incidence of dementia both globally and in the territory of Europe. Some organisations and strategic documents dedicated to supporting and caring for those with dementia in the territories of France, Sweden and Switzerland are listed in this section. There is also a chapter that gives an idea of individual types and forms of care for clients with dementia manifestations in the Czech Republic. It includes an explanation of basic concepts such as: social services, social services network, community planning. As the work deals with care planning in the Hradec Králové region, the Mid-Term Plan for...

The thesis entitled Sensitive topics in childhood and youth literature deals with one of the main tendencies of contemporary Francophone literature for children and youth, which is the inclusion of sensitive topics in children's books. The thesis tries to find answers to these questions: Since when did these topics start to appear in children's and youth's literature? Which topics do we consider sensitive? How do the authors handle these difficult topics and what is their place and objective in children's literature? The introduction of the thesis generally outlines the specifics and functions of literature for children and youth and subsequently tries to answer the defined questions. As such, the introduction is followed by the chapters examining the history of the children and youth genre, taboo and sensitive topics in children's literature, which will help answer these questions. The thesis carefully focuses on the topics of death, illness and disability, racism and diversity and difficult family situations such as divorce, adoption or homoparentality.

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant inherited neuro-psychiatric disease with usual onset in the middle age. The mutation, located on the short shoulder of chromosome 4, is an expansion of a nucleotide triplet, containing cytosine, adenine, guanine (CAG), with critical limit of 40+ repetitions. The principal symptoms include motor symptoms (chorea, dystonia, disorders of voluntary movements), progressive cognitive deterioration and neuropsychiatric symptoms (behaviour disorders, affective symptoms and so on). The clinical diagnosis is confirmed by a genetic test, which may also be carried out presymptomatically in offsprings of the diseased person. The objective of the 1st study consisted in the characterization of differences in psychiatric examination and neuropsychological testing among the people at risk (PAR), in whom it was recommended to delay the test, and people at risk, who were recommended to continue in the so-called predictive protocol. The total of 52 people have been examined (32 females, 20 males). In addition to the common psychiatric examination we have also administered the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-A), self-rating scale of general psychopathology (SCL- 90), three short cognitive tests - Trail making test, test of Verbal fluency and...

Deficits in interval timing have been described in focal brain lesions and in various neuropsychiatric disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this study was to explore brain areas responsible for human time perception and for the timing deficit in PD. We used a time reproduction task (TRT) which consisted of an encoding phase (during which visual stimuli of durations from 5 to 16.6 sec were presented) and a reproduction phase (during which interval durations were reproduced by a button pressing). In our first fMRI study, we used a parametric modulated analysis searching for brain areas with activity, expressed as Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) signal, correlated with the duration of time interval. During the encoding phase, there was a gradual deactivation of the left prefrontal cortex (PFC) and cingulate gyrus. During the reproduction phase, there was a gradual deactivation in precuneus and an accumulation of activity in the left PFC, primary motor area, right caudate and supplementary motor area (SMA). The second study aimed at supporting the role of two of these areas, SMA and precuneus in interval timing by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Accuracy and variability of time estimates were compared before and after rTMS. Accuracy of estimates was not...