A presente dissertação, intitulada Estruturas Contingentes e Formas Resguardadas: o tecer como prática artística inserida no cotidiano, propõe a análise do processo de tecitura manual dos objetos que compõem a pesquisa. Ao sistematizar e analisar o processo dos referidos objetos, abordarei as interferências e intercorrências em espaços privados e públicos – experienciados enquanto lugares de atividades cotidianas e do exercício de tecer. Também estarão sob foco as reverberações dessas experiências no atelier e nos modos de exposição. / This dissertation, titled Contingent Structures and Withdrawn Shapes: weaving as an everyday art practice, proposes the analysis of the process of hand weaving the objects that make up the research. By systematizing and analyzing the process of said objects, I will approach interferences and events in private and public spaces - experienced as venues for everyday activities and for the act of weaving. Echoes of these experiences in the studio and in exhibition methods will also be addressed.

A presente dissertação, intitulada Estruturas Contingentes e Formas Resguardadas: o tecer como prática artística inserida no cotidiano, propõe a análise do processo de tecitura manual dos objetos que compõem a pesquisa. Ao sistematizar e analisar o processo dos referidos objetos, abordarei as interferências e intercorrências em espaços privados e públicos – experienciados enquanto lugares de atividades cotidianas e do exercício de tecer. Também estarão sob foco as reverberações dessas experiências no atelier e nos modos de exposição. / This dissertation, titled Contingent Structures and Withdrawn Shapes: weaving as an everyday art practice, proposes the analysis of the process of hand weaving the objects that make up the research. By systematizing and analyzing the process of said objects, I will approach interferences and events in private and public spaces - experienced as venues for everyday activities and for the act of weaving. Echoes of these experiences in the studio and in exhibition methods will also be addressed.

Drawing from de Certeau (1984), in this thesis I investigate graffiti and street art as part of the everyday visual landscapes. The city of Stockholm has gone from zero tolerance towards all forms of street art to now including the art form as a strategy for creating a so-called attractive city. In this thesis, I aim to examine street art and graffiti in relation to Stockholm´s mobile landscapes. The theoretical framework builds on mobility and landscape theory. I argue that if we are to better understand the world we live in, the concepts of mobility must be understood both in terms of its physical and social implications (Cresswell, 2006). Using a qualitative approach, interviews, document analysis, and ethnographic methods have been used to gather data. By analysing discourses and statements by artists, officials, and housing companies, I demonstrate how graffiti and street art moves between different expressions in Stockholm. Furthermore, I discuss the perspectives of artists who are engaged with their bodies to produce the visual landscape we live in, and how their bodily mobilities affect the outcome of the landscape of Stockholm. I argue that there is a paradox between mobility and immobility in the use of street art to create safe environments. The positioning of these concepts as opposites reveals how Stockholm stad and housing companies use the mobile in graffiti and street art, to create something static, attachment to place. This thesis thereby contributes to the societal and academic debate concerning mobility and the understanding of how the visual landscape is created.

My research proposal intends to investigate deployable structures by studying nomadic systems, to be able to create lightweight structures. This is done by studying the local nomadic knowledge, combined with unconventional and experimental techniques from pneumatic, mobile, and tensile structural innovation, enabling a small or no footprint in the fragile context.   My point of departure is the conception of buildings that move while distributing culture fast and democratic, taking into account layers of social, cultural, and environmental necessities. Through this research, I aim to find organizational, conceptual tools and models for regenerating cultural environment, to create an autonomous building system, aware of the complexities of the global pandemic and the crisis of cultural institutions.   Informed by local, vernacular techniques, structural and environmental, secrets are revealed and translated into new flexible components and cultural and educational programs, while pointing at the importance of local techniques and material choices.    Based on theories and techniques borrowed from the fields of nomadic, pneumatic, and deployable systems, this research resulted in a system of mobile structures that deploy culture and democratically empower communities, anchored in its immediate cultural and social context, and responding to new, wide expressions of cultural exchange.

This paper examines how Sami identity is related and affected by the nomadic school's textbooks during the 1920's. This is followed by a comparison with the textbooks for the Swedish elementary school during the same time period to examine the differences in mediated norms in the textbooks of the two schools. Previous research shows that the school system is a way of controlling and creating desirable citizens that fit into the majority of society's norms. Previous research also shows that there is a hierarchy in the Sami community where Sami occupied with reindeer herding stand above other Sami, and this affects the extent of how a Sami chooses and dares to identify as Sami. This study examines how Sami people are portrayed and by which norms the children are met in textbooks. The results indicate that the norm for a Sami created and portrayed by white men is a nomadic reindeer herder and this norm was enforced upon Sami children through the nomadic school but also shown in the textbook for the Swedish elementary school. The opportunities for creating their own identity were greater for Swedish children than Sami children. The result is analysed on theories of postcolonial theory regarding the exercise of power through language, and norm-critical theory focusing on norms regarding ethnicity and masculinity.

The intention of this work is to represent the nomadic culture by a luminaire. Inspired by the nomadic Mongolian ger(yurt) and based on its physical and cultural characters, the work is done by designing a portable luminaire with the concept of the solar solution. The whole project is an attempt of bringing traditional culture items to luminaire design and searching for the balance between them.

This essay looks at subjectivity in Virginia Woolf’s The Waves employing a psychoanalytic approach and using the theories of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari. Woolf’s relation to the theories of her contemporary Sigmund Freud was unclear. Psychoanalytic scholarship on Woolf’s writings, nevertheless, established itself in 1980’s as a dominant scholarly topic and has been growing since. However, the rigidity and medicalizing discourse of psychoanalysis make it poorly compatible with Woolf’s feminist, anti-individualist writing. This essay is a reading of The Waves, in which psychoanalytic theory is infused with a Deleuzo-Guattarian approach. The theories of psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan, and especially his concept of the Other, together with Rosi Braidotti’s concept of nomadic subjectivity, are used as relevant tools for thinking about subjectivity in the context of The Waves. The resultant reading is a criticism of psychoanalysis. In this reading, two characters are looked at in detail: Percival and Bernard. Percival emerges as the Lacanian Other, who, situated at the central nexus of power, symbolises the tyrannies of individuality and masculinity. Simultaneously, Percival is detached from the metaphysical world of the novel. His death marks a shift from oppressive individuality towards nomadic subjectivity. For Bernard, nomadic subjectivity is a flight from the dead and stagnating centre towards periphery, where new ethics can be negotiated. The essay concludes with the implications of such reading: the affirmation of nomadic subjectivity makes the Deleuzo-Guattarian approach more relevant in the context of Woolf, whereas psychoanalytic striving towards structure, dualism, and focus on pathology are rejected as incompatible with her texts.

草原畜牧業影響下的傳統蒙古社會，到清代，進入一個新的重要發展時期，其主要特點有： □1. 因盟旗制度的建立，蒙古牧民的游牧方式，已經完全是「阿寅勒」個體經濟，旗界內個別家族的定地放牧成為主要游牧方式，大規模遠距離的移牧現象消失。 □2. 蒙古游牧經濟社會，隨著專業手工業者、商人與農夫的逐漸出現，從單一性的經濟體系向多元化的經濟體系發展，游牧畜牧業雖然仍是蒙古經濟的主要部門，但是其所佔的地位相對的降低。 □3. 清代蒙古的貿易，從「茶馬互市」方式，演變到「旅蒙商」的產生與發展，其具體現象為漢人開始積極地至蒙古地區與牧民進行貿易。因此，商品經濟得到高度發展，使蒙古族牧業生產商品化程度日益提高，從而進一步促使自給自足的大型游牧經濟解體。 □4. 清代驛站制度的建立有其行政、軍事、經濟、文化等不同層面的重要功能。對蒙古游牧經濟的直接影響，則是促進蒙古與內地漢族在牧業、農業和手工業等多種經濟上的聯繫。但是，驛站的物資配備和驛務的責任，實際上都落在蒙古廣大牧民身上。 □5. 蒙古封建社會內部的兩個基本階級－－蒙古王公與人民，其社會階層的差距在清廷的統治之下更加明顯，且矛盾衝突日益昇高。 / Mongolia’s nomadic economy has entered a new era under Manchu rule. Its characteristics can be summarized as follows: 1. Because of the establishment of banner system, style of nomadic migrations has been changed. Every family has begun to graze its own livestock in the banner boundaries. Large scaled and far distanced migrations have been disappeared. 2. Following the progress of hand working, commerce and agriculture, the pastoral nomadic society has become a pluralist economy. Although herding was still the basic economic activity, its percentage has been decreased. 3. Trade between China and Mongolia has caused the appearance of the trading companies. One of the main characteristics of the Mongolian trade was Chinese traders have begun to trade in Mongolia. They do not wait Mongols to come to China proper for trading. Thus, commercial economy has rapidly developed. This situation caused the commercialization of the nomadic products. 4. Establishment of the courier system and building of courier stations has also effected the nomadic economy. It has led to progress the economic link between China and Mongolia. Nevertheless, herdsmen were responsible of preparing the supplies of courier stations which has caused to a heavy burden in their economic life. 5. The social stratification of Mongol nomadic society which had appeared between Mongolian nobles and herdsmen has increased under Manchu hegemony.

In contemporary debates on space, the validity of &amp / #8216 / physical space&amp / #8217 / as an indispensable category of human existence is widely questioned on the basis of the claim that the relevant interval of analysis has shifted from &amp / #8216 / space&amp / #8217 / to &amp / #8216 / time&amp / #8217 / , thanks to the technological innovations enabling the speed of present-day telecommunications. The apparent primacy of mobility of deterritorialized commodities, signs, meanings, and identities, in the contemporary society, adds new dimensions to the traumatic experience of ephemerality, in spatial and temporal categories. Through the claims declaring, the dissolution of the dichotomy between urban and rural, and redefinition of the relevant dichotomy between the &amp / #8216 / space of places&amp / #8217 / and the &amp / #8216 / space of flows&amp / #8217 / in recent theoretical efforts / we attempt to trace how the notion of &amp / #8216 / place&amp / #8217 / could be revalidated and reconstituted with reference to processes of contemporary globalization. The study examines the new paths for a constructive definition of &amp / #8216 / place&amp / #8217 / , which are opened up by the crisis in locating and representing temporal and spatial categories both physically and mentally.

Delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) have the potential to connect devices and areas of the world that are under-served by traditional networks. The idea is that an end-to-end connection may never be present. To make communication possible, intermediate nodes take custody of the data being transferred and forward it as the opportunity arises. Both links and nodes may be inherently unreliable and disconnections may be long-lived. A critical challenge for DTNs is determining routes through the network without ever having an end-to-end connection. <br /><br /> This thesis presents a practical routing protocol that uses only observed information about the network. Previous approaches either require complete future knowledge about the connection schedules, or use many copies of each message. Instead, our protocol uses a metric that estimates the average waiting time for each potential next hop. This learned topology information is distributed using a link-state routing protocol, where the link-state packets are flooded using epidemic routing. The routing is recomputed each time connections are established, allowing messages to take advantage of unpredictable contacts. Messages are exchanged if the topology suggests that a connected node is "closer" than the current node. <br /><br /> Simulation results are presented, showing that the protocol provides performance similar to that of schemes that have global knowledge of the network topology, yet without requiring that knowledge. Further, it requires a significantly less resources than the epidemic alternative, suggesting that this approach scales better with the number of messages in the network.