Background: The role of the norepinephrine transporter (NET) has received increased focus in recent studies on the pathogenesis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The predictive value for pharmacological treatment and its link to other health or social limitations has been little-studied. This follow-up research on adult patients with ADHD aimed to explore whether the therapy response and health and social impairments depend on baseline individual NET availability. Methods: Data were collected from 10 patients on personal, family and professional situations, mental and physical health and treatments received after baseline via online and telephone surveys and were compared to baseline data to evaluate treatment-related changes. Results: The majority of our ADHD patients did not show therapy responses but showed improvements due to pharmacological treatment. There was no evidence of relationships between pre-treatment NET availability and therapy response or health/social limitations. Conclusions: Pharmacological monotherapy was insufficient to promote symptom remission, especially for participants with extreme insufficiency in NET availability, but improved outcomes in academic and social functioning. Psychotherapy should be considered as an add-on to the standard treatment approach due to its positive outcome in reducing social limitations. The prognostic value of individual NET availability in predicting the response to therapy needs further studies with large sample sizes

La sclérose latérale amyotrophique (SLA) est une maladie mortelle caractérisée par la dégénénérescence des neurones moteurs. La majorité des cas de SLA ont une origine sporadique (SLAs) et les autres sont des cas familiaux (SLAf) étant hérités génétiquement. Une portion des cas de SLAf est associée à des mutations dans le gène codant pour la Cu/Zn superoxyde dismutase (SOD1). La microgliose est une caractéristique pathologique observée dans les tissus des patients atteints de maladies du système nerveux incluant la SLA. La microgliose et la réponse inflammatoire dans le SNC peuvent avoir des effets bénéfiques ou néfastes. Ainsi, l'activation microgliale dans la pathologie de la SLA pourrait promouvoir la survie neuronale mais aussi causer ou exacerber la dégénérescence des motoneurones. Pour déterminer le rôle des microglies et des médiateurs inflammatoires dans la dégénérescence des motoneurones causée par des mutations dans la SOD1, nous avons utilisé les souris 5001 mutantes, modèles de la SLA. Dans un premier temps (chapitre 2), afin de déterminer le rôle de la cytokine TNF-a dans la SLA, nous avons généré des souris exprimant les mutants 5001 G37R ou 5001 G93A dans un contexte où l'expression du TNF-a a été supprimée (souris knock-out). Dans une seconde approche (chapitre 3), par cytométrie de flux, nous avons caractérisé les populations de cellules microgliales dans la moelle épinière des souris transgéniques mutantes 5001 G93A. Dans cette étude, nous avons démontré que l'augmentation du nombre de cellules microgliales dans ce modèle murin est largement attribuable à la prolifération de celles-ci. Subséquemment, nous avons utilisé des souris transgéniques CD11b-TKmut-30, chez lesquelles les microglies en prolifération peuvent être sélectivement éliminées, afin de déterminer le rôle des microglies en prolifération dans la SLA causée par des mutations dans la SOD1. Dans une dernière étude, nous avons tenté d'induire un phénotype neuroprotecteur aux cellules microgliales via l'administration de la cytokine macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) chez des souris transgéniques 5001 G37R et chez des souris chimériques 5001 G37R ayant subi une transplantation de moelle osseuse sauvage.

Le trouble du déficit de l’attention avec ou sans hyperactivité (TDAH) est de plus en plus reconnu chez l'adulte. Les psychostimulants représentent la première ligne de traitement, mais ceux-ci ne sont parfois pas tolérés, peuvent être contrindiqués ou ne pas être efficaces. Les médicaments non stimulants constituent une alternative mais ont été insuffisamment explorés. Cette thèse présente un essai clinique randomisé contrôlé de 30 sujets souffrant de TDAH qui ont reçu soit la duloxétine 60 mg par jour ou le placebo pendant une période de 6 semaines. Le Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) et le Clinical Global Impression scale (CGI) ont été utilisés pour mesurer la sévérité des symptômes et l'amélioration clinique. Le Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) et le Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) ont été choisis pour vérifier l'impact sur la symptomatologie anxio-dépressive. Les résultats démontrent que les sujets ayant reçu la duloxétine avait un score au CGI-Severity (CGI-S) inférieur au groupe contrôle à 6 semaines de traitement et une amélioration plus importante au CGI-Improvement (CGI-I). Ce groupe démontre également des diminutions supérieures des scores à plusieurs sous-échelles du CAARS. Aucun effet n'a été observé sur le HARS et le HDRS. Le taux de retrait du bras duloxetine remet par contre en question la dose initiale choisie dans ce protocole. La duloxétine semble donc une option prometteuse dans le traitement du TDAH chez l'adulte et la réplication des données cliniques serait la prochaine étape pour confirmer ces résultats. / Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasingly recognized in adults. Stimulants are first-line treatment options but can be ineffective, poorly tolerated or contraindicated in some patients. For these patients, non-stimulants can be an interesting option; however, this heterogeneous class has been insufficiently studied. This thesis presents the results of a pilot study. In this randomized controlled clinical trial, thirty adults with ADHD received either placebo or duloxetine 60 mg daily for 6 weeks. The Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) and the Clinical Global Impression scale (CGI) were chosen to assess symptom severity and clinical improvement. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) were used to measure the effect on anxiety and depressive symptoms. In summary, the duloxetine group showed a lower score on CGI-Severity at week 6, greater improvement on CGI-Improvement and greater decreases on multiple subscales of the CAARS. There was no treatment group effect on HDRS or HARS scores. Tolerability was an issue with participants in the duloxetine group and the dose titration schedule chosen in this study should be revised. This is the first clinical trial of duloxetine in adults with ADHD. This medication seams to improve symptoms in this condition but further studies are required to replicate these findings in larger samples of ADHD adults.

The non-medical use of prescription drugs is an important public health concern. Non-medical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS), specifically medications used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), is particularly concerning. One timely concern regarding NMUPS, especially among young adults, is their role in appetite suppression/weight loss. Indeed, some individuals are motivated to misuse such drugs for the purpose of losing weight. Engaging in NMUPS for weight loss has been examined only minimally in the research literature. However, extant data demonstrate that this behavior is associated with other unhealthy behaviors and poor psychosocial health. Limitations of prior research include the exclusive use of college student samples and little attention to relevant health behavior theory. The current study investigated NMUPS for weight loss in a national, young adult sample (n = 1526), ages 18-25 years, utilizing Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. Motivations and attitudes about NMUPS were evaluated, within the framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). A structural equation model (SEM) was analyzed, which included attitudes; social norms; and perceived behavioral control (PBC) to lose weight without stimulants, as predictors of engaging in past year NMUPS for weight loss. Approximately 12.0% of participants reported lifetime NMUPS for weight loss, and of these, 48.4% reported past year use. Findings demonstrate that use is related to disordered eating and unhealthy weight loss behaviors, including vomiting; high rates of other substance use; and psychological concerns, including body dissatisfaction and depressive symptomatology. These results suggest that NMUPS for weight loss is associated with a variety of negative consequences and users are not well-informed regarding medication knowledge. The SEM provided adequate overall fit to the data; two of the four social norms and both PBC factors were significantly associated with NMUPS for weight loss. This study extends the literature on the utility of the TPB in examining NMUPS, and provides the first research on utilizing the TPB to examine NMUPS for weight loss. Methods aimed at increasing PBC regarding stimulant use and weight loss, and emphasizing healthful and sustaining weight loss strategies, improving mental health, and educating about polysubstance use are potential intervention targets.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:37:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tatiana_Werle.pdf: 502997 bytes, checksum: a8ed05a8a76d34c68e008dc33707334a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In an attempt to induce the grapevines buds sprouting in mild winter regions, characterized by mild temperatures during the hibernal season, it becomes necessary the use of sprouting inducers. Considering the grapevines cultivation expansion in Western Paraná, the current study had as its aims to determine the optimal concentration of hydrogenated cyanamide, ethephon and Stimulate® bio-stimulant for the induction and uniformity of sprouting in Niagara Rosada cultivar, as well to indicate the most effective product in the uniformity sprouting inducing and which promotes improved productivity and fruits quality. The experiment was conducted in a commercial vineyard located in the municipality of Quatro Pontes, West of Paraná State. The experiment was carried out in outlined blocks in factorial scheme 3 X 5, totaling 15 treatments with four repetitions, and each plant was considered an experimental unit. The treatments consisted of the following concentrations: 0; 10 mL L-1; 20 mL L-1; 30 mL L-1 and 40 mL L-1 of hydrogenated cyanamide (H2CN2); 0 ; 2 L ha-1; 4 L ha-1; 6 L ha-1 and 8 L ha-1 of ethephon; 0; 5 mL L-1; 10 mL L-1; 15 mL L-1 and 20 mL L-1 Stimulate® bio-stimulant. The products application was made immediately after pruning, by spraying with backpack sprayer. After pruning, it was assessed the number of buds per plant, time to sprouting onset after application, number and percentage of sprouting per plant, production per plant, expected productivity, average weight of berries, number of berries per cluster, width of shoulder and berries, berries length, soluble solids content, titration total acidity, pH and ratio. Considering the conditions under which the experiment was conducted, one can conclude that: The concentration of hydrogenated cyanamide which showed higher percentage of 'Niagara Rosada' grapevine sprouted buds was the 20mL L-1; the ethephon concentration which provided the highest percentage of Niagara Rosada grapevine sprouted buds was the 8 L ha-1; the bio-stimulant concentration which provided the highest percentage of Niagara Rosada grapevine sprouted buds was the 5 mL L-1; the hydrogenated cyanamide provided the anticipation and uniformity of the Niagara Rosada grapevine sprouting. The buds spraying with hydrogenated cyanamide, ethephon and bio-stimulant resulted in no effect on the grapevine productivity and quality, cv. Niagara Rosada / Na tentativa de induzir a brotação das gemas de videiras em regiões de inverno ameno, caracterizado por temperaturas suaves durante a estação hibernal, torna-se necessário o emprego de indutores de brotação. Considerando a expansão do cultivo de videiras no Oeste do Paraná, o presente trabalho teve como objetivos verificar a concentração ideal de cianamida hidrogenada, ethephon e do bioestimulante Stimulate® para a indução e uniformização de brotação na cultivar Niagara Rosada, bem como indicar o produto mais eficiente na indução de uniformização de brotação e que promove melhor produtividade e qualidade de frutos. O experimento foi conduzido em vinhedo comercial localizado no município de Quatro Pontes, Oeste do Estado do Paraná. O experimento foi implantado em delineamento de blocos em esquema fatorial 3 X 5, totalizando 15 tratamentos com quatro repetições, sendo que cada planta foi considerada uma parcela experimental. Os tratamentos foram compostos pelas seguintes concentrações: 0; 10 mL L-1; 20 mL L-1; 30 mL L-1 e 40 mL L-1 de cianamida hidrogenada (H2CN2); 0; 2 L ha-1; 4 L ha-1; 6 L ha-1 e 8 L ha-1 de ethephon; 0; 5 mL L-1; 10 mL L-1; 15 mL L-1 e 20 mL L-1 de bioestimulante Stimulate®. A aplicação dos produtos foi feita imediatamente após a poda, através de pulverização com pulverizador costal. Após a poda avaliou-se o número de gemas por planta, tempo para início da brotação após a aplicação, número e porcentagem de brotações por planta, produção por planta, produtividade esperada, massa média das bagas, número de bagas por cacho, largura do ombro e das bagas, comprimento das bagas, teor de sólidos solúveis, acidez total titulável, pH e ratio. Considerando as condições em que foi conduzido o experimento pode-se concluir que: A concentração de cianamida hidrogenada que proporcionou maior porcentagem de gemas brotadas de videira Niagara Rosada foi a de 20 mL L-1; A concentração de ethephon que proporcionou maior porcentagem de gemas brotadas de videira Niagara Rosada foi a de 8 L ha-1; A concentração de bioestimulante que proporcionou maior porcentagem de gemas brotadas de videira Niagara Rosada foi a de 5 mL L-1; A cianamida hidrogenada proporcionou a antecipação e uniformização das brotações de videira Niagara Rosada. A pulverização das gemas com cianamida hidrogenada, ethephon e bioestimulante não resultou em efeito sobre a produtividade e qualidade de videira, cv. Niagara Rosada

Earnest carbohydrate research was initiated in the nineteenth century by several talented organic chemists. Carbohydrates, now known to play essential roles in a range of fundamental biological processes, are presently studied by a throng of scientists from many fields, including: biochemistry, molecular biology, immunology, structural biology, medicine, agriculture, pharmacology and, of course, chemistry. Organic chemistry remains as relevant to carbohydrate research as it has ever been; its practitioners, with their skills in synthesis and fundamental understanding of molecules, are truly indispensable. This thesis details various synthetic endeavours within the field of carbohydrate chemistry. It describes four projects with goals as diverse as natural product synthesis, rational inhibitor design and the development of new reagents in organic synthesis. The first chapter provides an account of the synthesis of compound 1, a potent germination stimulant present in smoke, from D-xylose. Many analogues of 1 were prepared from carbohydrates and evaluated as germination stimulants, which permitted the dissemination of several structure-activity relationships. Subsequent chapters describe the design and preparation of inhibitors for various carbohydrate-processing enzymes. Compounds 55 and 56 were sought after as putative synergistic inhibitors of a Vitis vinifera (grape) uridine diphospho-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (VvGT1). It was hoped that crystallographic investigations of VvGT1-UDP-2/3 complexes by a collaborator, structural biologist Professor Gideon Davies, would aid in clarifying mechanistic aspects of this enzyme.Compounds 114, 115 and 118 were prepared as putative arabinanase inhibitors. Once again, this work was undertaken to assist in crystallographic studies that might provide a better understanding of how these enzymes operate. The thesis concludes by describing the development of compound 152.HCl, a novel reagent for the diazotransfer reaction. Previously, this reaction utilised trifluoromethanesulfonyl azide (TfN3), an expensive and explosive liquid with a poor shelf-life, to convert a primary amine directly into an azide. Reagent 152.HCl was developed to replace TfN3 in this useful synthetic transformation. A one-pot procedure enabled the simple and inexpensive preparation of 152.HCl, which was demonstrated to be shelf-stable, crystalline and, crucially, effective in the diazotransfer reaction.

The large pine weevil, Hylobius abietis L., is a major insect pest on conifer seedlings in northern Europe. Due to its feeding newly planted trees get girdled, resulting in high seedling mortality (up to 80%). As a consequence great financial losses to the forest industry occur. Today the seedlings are protected with the pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin. This insecticide is toxic to aquatic organisms and is, from 2010, prohibited for use in Sweden by the Swedish Chemicals Inspectorate. An alternative to insecticides is to protect the seedlings with antifeedants, compounds that, either through taste or smell or both, deter the weevils from feeding. This thesis describes the search for and the synthesis of such antifeedant compounds. Bark extracts of several woody species, known to be non-palatable to the weevil, were prepared and found to display antifeedant activity against H. abietis. The major chemical constituents of the extracts were tested for antifeedant activity. Antifeedants such as eugenol, 2-phenylethanol and benzylalcohol, but also feeding stimulants such as β-sitosterol and linoleic acid, were identified. An extract of linden bark, Tilia cordata, was shown to contain nonanoic acid, a highly active antifeedant. Other aliphatic carboxylic acids were also found to display high antifeedant activities against the weevil, both in laboratory and in field tests. The enantiomers of dihydropinidine, a piperidine alkaloid present in several conifer species, were prepared by dimethylzinc mediated allylation of 2- methyltetrahydropyridine-N-oxide. When tested in micro feeding assays, no difference in antifeedant activity was found for the enantiomers. In a field test high antifeedant activity, comparable with that of the presently used insecticide cypermethrin, was found for (±)-dihydropindine. Other naturally occurring piperidine alkaloids were synthesised and also found to display high antifeedant activities in laboratory tests. Structure-activity relationships were evaluated for methoxy substituted benzaldehydes, benzoic acids and cinnamic aldehydes, -acids, -esters and -alcohols. While the carboxylic acids were inactive or even feeding stimulants, the aldehydes were the most active antifeedants / QC 20110124

<p>The large pine weevil, Hylobius abietis L., is a major insect pest on conifer seedlings in northern Europe. Due to its feeding newly planted trees get girdled, resulting in high seedling mortality (up to 80%). As a consequence great financial losses to the forest industry occur. Today the seedlings are protected with the pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin. This insecticide is toxic to aquatic organisms and is, from 2010, prohibited for use in Sweden by the Swedish Chemicals Inspectorate. An alternative to insecticides is to protect the seedlings with antifeedants, compounds that, either through taste or smell or both, deter the weevils from feeding. This thesis describes the search for and the synthesis of such antifeedant compounds.</p><p>Bark extracts of several woody species, known to be non-palatable to the weevil, were prepared and found to display antifeedant activity against H. abietis. The major chemical constituents of the extracts were tested for antifeedant activity. Antifeedants such as eugenol, 2-phenylethanol and benzylalcohol, but also feeding stimulants such as β-sitosterol and linoleic acid, were identified. An extract of linden bark, Tilia cordata, was shown to contain nonanoic acid, a highly active antifeedant. Other aliphatic carboxylic acids were also found to display high antifeedant activities against the weevil, both in laboratory and in field tests.</p><p>The enantiomers of dihydropinidine, a piperidine alkaloid present in several conifer species, were prepared by dimethylzinc mediated allylation of 2- methyltetrahydropyridine-N-oxide. When tested in micro feeding assays, no difference in antifeedant activity was found for the enantiomers. In a field test high antifeedant activity, comparable with that of the presently used insecticide cypermethrin, was found for (±)-dihydropindine. Other naturally occurring piperidine alkaloids were synthesised and also found to display high antifeedant activities in laboratory tests.</p><p>Structure-activity relationships were evaluated for methoxy substituted benzaldehydes, benzoic acids and cinnamic aldehydes, -acids, -esters and -alcohols. While the carboxylic acids were inactive or even feeding stimulants, the aldehydes were the most active antifeedants</p>

Le trouble du déficit de l’attention avec ou sans hyperactivité (TDAH) est de plus en plus reconnu chez l'adulte. Les psychostimulants représentent la première ligne de traitement, mais ceux-ci ne sont parfois pas tolérés, peuvent être contrindiqués ou ne pas être efficaces. Les médicaments non stimulants constituent une alternative mais ont été insuffisamment explorés. Cette thèse présente un essai clinique randomisé contrôlé de 30 sujets souffrant de TDAH qui ont reçu soit la duloxétine 60 mg par jour ou le placebo pendant une période de 6 semaines. Le Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) et le Clinical Global Impression scale (CGI) ont été utilisés pour mesurer la sévérité des symptômes et l'amélioration clinique. Le Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) et le Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) ont été choisis pour vérifier l'impact sur la symptomatologie anxio-dépressive. Les résultats démontrent que les sujets ayant reçu la duloxétine avait un score au CGI-Severity (CGI-S) inférieur au groupe contrôle à 6 semaines de traitement et une amélioration plus importante au CGI-Improvement (CGI-I). Ce groupe démontre également des diminutions supérieures des scores à plusieurs sous-échelles du CAARS. Aucun effet n'a été observé sur le HARS et le HDRS. Le taux de retrait du bras duloxetine remet par contre en question la dose initiale choisie dans ce protocole. La duloxétine semble donc une option prometteuse dans le traitement du TDAH chez l'adulte et la réplication des données cliniques serait la prochaine étape pour confirmer ces résultats. / Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasingly recognized in adults. Stimulants are first-line treatment options but can be ineffective, poorly tolerated or contraindicated in some patients. For these patients, non-stimulants can be an interesting option; however, this heterogeneous class has been insufficiently studied. This thesis presents the results of a pilot study. In this randomized controlled clinical trial, thirty adults with ADHD received either placebo or duloxetine 60 mg daily for 6 weeks. The Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) and the Clinical Global Impression scale (CGI) were chosen to assess symptom severity and clinical improvement. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) were used to measure the effect on anxiety and depressive symptoms. In summary, the duloxetine group showed a lower score on CGI-Severity at week 6, greater improvement on CGI-Improvement and greater decreases on multiple subscales of the CAARS. There was no treatment group effect on HDRS or HARS scores. Tolerability was an issue with participants in the duloxetine group and the dose titration schedule chosen in this study should be revised. This is the first clinical trial of duloxetine in adults with ADHD. This medication seams to improve symptoms in this condition but further studies are required to replicate these findings in larger samples of ADHD adults.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-04-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:46:28Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 abrantes_fl_dr_ilha.pdf: 753180 bytes, checksum: 909aa2e6c49234e34d2b836ea8485de4 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / A maioria dos trabalhos com diferentes sistemas de manejo do solo e com uso de regulador vegetal (citocinina, giberelina e auxina) busca obter resultados quanto a aumentos na produtividade. Já, quanto ao seu efeito nos teores de nutrientes nas folhas e sementes e na qualidade fisiológica das sementes produzidas nessas condições há carência de informações. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento, produtividade, nutrientes nas folhas e sementes e qualidade fisiológica das sementes de feijão, cultivares Carioca Precoce, IAC Apuã e IAC Alvorada, em função do uso de regulador vegetal, via foliar, em sistema convencional e plantio direto em implantação, no inverno com uso de irrigação. A pesquisa foi conduzida em 2009 e 2010, no Município de Selvíria/MS. Realizaram-se três experimentos com os cultivares Carioca Precoce, IAC Apuã e IAC Alvorada, em blocos casualizados, em faixas, com quatro repetições. Os fatores foram: sistemas de semeadura convencional com incorporação da palhada do milheto ao solo e direta sobre a palhada do milheto e cinco doses do regulador vegetal (0; 1,0; 2,0; 3,0 e 4,0 L p.c ha-1) composto por três hormônios vegetais: cinetina, ácido giberélico e ácido indolbutírico, aplicadas em R5. Avaliou-se: clorofila e nutrientes foliares, características agronômicas e produtivas, teor de proteína e nutrientes nas sementes e a qualidade fisiológica das sementes através dos testes de: germinação, primeira contagem, emergência de plântulas em campo, índice de velocidade de emergência, altura de plântula, massa da matéria seca de plântula, envelhecimento acelerado, teste de frio sem solo e condutividade elétrica. O plantio direto mesmo em fase de implantação propiciou: aumento na clorofila e nos teores foliar de N, P e Mg variando em função do cultivar e do ano; e de maneira geral, considerando os três cultivares... / The most studies with different systems of soil management and use of plant growth regulator (cytokinin, auxin and gibberellin) search results as increases in productivity. Already, in its effect on nutrient concentrations in leaves and seeds and physiological quality of seed produced under these conditions there is a lack of information. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the development, productivity, nutrients in the leaf and seeds and physiological seed quality of common bean cultivars, Carioca Precoce, IAC Apuã and IAC Alvorada, depending on the use of growth regulators on leaf, in the conventional or no-tillage system in the implantation, in the winter with irrigation use. The research was conducted in 2009 and 2010, in Selvíria - MS State. They were conducted three experiments with varieties Carioca Precoce, IAC Apuã and IAC Alvorada, in a randomized blocks design in strips with four replicates. The treatments were: conventional tillage system with millet straw incorporation to the soil or directly over the millet straw, and five doses of the plant growth regulators (0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 L cp ha -1) which consists of three plant hormones, kinetin, gibberellic acid and IBA, applied at R5. It was evaluated: chlorophyll and foliar nutrients, agronomic and productive characteristics, protein and nutrients in the seeds and physiological quality of seeds through the tests of germination, first count, seedling emergence in the field, speed of emergence index, seedling height, mass of dry matter of seedlings, accelerated aging, cold test without soil and electric conductivity. The no-tillage even in implantation phase resulted in: increased leaf chlorophyll and on N, P and Mg, depending on the cultivar and year, and in general, considering the three cultivars used, it was the better development of plants and seed yield. The growth regulator did not affect the levels... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)