The aim of this paper is to analyse the ways in which a Swedish translation of an English text intended as a manual for health practitioners needs to be adapted in order to function as an informative text aimed at patients, their families and other laymen interested in the subject. Focus lies on adaption of terminology, style, and target reader perspective. For this paper, selected parts of an English source text were translated into Swedish, and different adaptions prompted by the change in genre, intended target reader and purpose of the text were noticed and subsequently analysed. In the analysis, it became clear that translation of terminology can be treated through addition, omission or generalization where subject specific terms are not relevant for the intended readers. Under the subject of style, formality level defined through the usage of nominalizations and passives was analysed, and here, modulation and transposition proved useful for adapting the formality level to better fit the purpose of the text. Under the category of target reader perspective, omission, generalization and modulation of different kinds were translation strategies used to turn the focus from the intended ST reader to the intended TT reader. Defining or re-defining the subject of different actions was also necessary to shift the perspective from one intended group of readers to another. Finally, the analysis showed that different kinds of adaption may be purposeful in different situations.

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are emerging as a key enabling technology for applications domains such as military, homeland security, and environment. However, a major constraint of these sensors is their limited battery. In this dissertation we examine the problem of maximizing the duration of time for which the network meets its coverage objective. Since these networks are very dense, only a subset of sensors need to be in "sense" or "on" mode at any given time to meet the coverage objective, while others can go into a power conserving "sleep" mode. This active set of sensors is known as a cover. The lifetime of the network can be extended by shuffling the cover set over time. In this dissertation, we introduce the concept of a local lifetime dependency graph consisting of the cover sets as nodes with any two nodes connected if the corresponding covers intersect, to capture the interdependencies among the covers. We present heuristics based on some simple properties of this graph and show how they improve over existing algorithms. We also present heuristics based on other properties of this graph, new models for dealing with the solution space and a generalization of our approach to other graph problems.

This research is focused on developing a simulation (game) that will help explain the basic principles of Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) and Target Value Design (TVD). The transfer of knowledge about Lean principles is currently limited and there is a need for teaching materials in this field. The Lean Construction community believes that teaching lean principles through games or simulations is very effective. This study is focused on developing a simulation that explains the basic principles of IPD and TVD. After study of current literature related to IPD, TVD and Lean simulations, this game was developed and then tested on construction professionals and students. Test results from a first run study showed that the simulation helps to explain some principles of IPD and TVD. However further study is needed to ensure that those who engage this simulation confidently understand key principles of IPD and TVD.

Part I: Various image reconstruction algorithms used for subsurface targets are reviewed. It is shown how some approximate wavefield inversion techniques: Stripmap Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), Kirchhoff Migration (KM) and Frequency-Wavenumber (FK) migration are developed from various models for wavefield scattering. The similarities of these techniques are delineated both from a theoretical and practical perspective and it is shown that Stripmap SAR is, computationally, almost identical to FK migration. A plane wave interpretation of both Stripmap SAR and FK migration is used to show why they are so similar. The electromagnetic assumptions made in the image reconstruction algorithms are highlighted. In addition, it is shown that, theoretically, FK and KM are identical. Image reconstruction results for KM, Stripmap SAR and FK are shown for both synthetic and experimental Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) data. Subjectively the reconstructed images show little difference, but computationally, Stripmap SAR (and therefore, FK migration) are much more efficient. Part II: A preliminary investigation into the use of the Singularity Expansion Method (SEM) for use in identifying landmines is completed using a Finite-Difference Time-Domain code to simulate a simplified GPR system. The Total Least Squares Matrix Pencil Method (TLS-MPM) is used to determine the complex poles from an arbitrary late-time signal. Both dielectric and metallic targets buried in lossless and lossy half-spaces are considered. Complex poles (resonances) of targets change significantly when the objects are buried in an external medium, and perturbation formulae for Perfect Electric Conductor (PEC) and dielectric targets are highlighted and used. These perturbation formulae are developed for homogenous surrounding media, and their utilization for the half-space (layered medium) GPR problem causes inaccuracies in their predictions. The results show that the decay rate (real part) of the complex poles is not suitable for identification in this problem, but that with further research, the resonant frequency (imaginary part) of the complex poles shows promise as an identification feature. / February 2005

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This thesis considers the problem of tracking multiple static or moving targets with one single pan/tilt-camera with a limited field of view. The objective is to minimize both the time needed to pan and tilt the camera's view between the targets and the total position uncertainty of all targets. To solve this problem, several planning methods have been developed and evaluated by Monte Carlo simulations and real world experiments. If the targets are moving and their true positions are unknown, both their current and future positions need to be estimated in order to calculate the best sensor trajectory. When dealing with static and known targets the problem is reduced to a deterministic optimization problem. The planners have been tested through experiments using a real camera mounted above a car track using toy cars as targets. An algorithm has been developed to detect the cars and associate the detections with the correct target. The Monte Carlo simulations show that, in the case of static targets, there is a huge advantage to arrange the targets into groups to be able to view more than one target at the time. In the case of moving targets with estimated positions it can be concluded that if the objective is to minimize the error in the position estimation the best planning choice is to always move to the target with the highest position uncertainty.

In recent years, ultra-wideband (UWB) radars are gaining popularity in the radar field mainly inindustrial and commercial areas. The UWB radar has the potential of dramatically improving thecontrol and surveillance of industrial processes in confined areas.The report provides an introduction to radar systems and detail working principle of M-sequenceUWB radar and methodology of how detection of targets is carried out. First two chapters of thereport describes the working of radar systems and M-sequence radar whereas in the later part ofthe report, different detection algorithms are discussed which has been implemented in thepresent radar simulations. In conventional radar the main detection algorithm is matched filteringwhere the transmitted signal is correlated with the received signal. Whereas UWB signal is nonsinusoidalthat is vulnerable to change in its shape during entire radar operation. This is thereason, the traditional signal processing methods like matched filtering or correlation process arenot advisable for UWB signals. Therefore, a different detection scheme known as Inter-periodcorrelation process (IPCP) has been studied.IPCP technique had been implemented and a comparison was made with the conventional targetdetection algorithm. On the basis of comparison made in this project, it has been observed thatthe conventional target detection methods are not effective in case of M-sequence UWB radar.The simulation results shows that by implementing IPCP method, performance close to 8-bitADC can be achievable with 1-bit comparator, also with IPCP implementation system resolutioncan be enhance effectively.Main focus was to analyze how close the system can detect two targets, therefore in all themeasurements i.e. practical and simulated measurements, only two targets were used.

This study is an investigation of how semantic and syntactic properties interact in a regular way in variants of a common expression type or Snowclone. Conventional variants of this construction are (someone is) a few (French) fries short/shy of a Happy Meal, (someone is) one sandwich short of a picnic and (someone is) one card short of a full deck. All the instances of the expression examined here have the same structure: X (be)(quantifier) Y short/shy of Z. The research questions used when analysing this construction are the following: What are the specific semantic and syntactic properties found in the expression X (be) (quantifier) Y short/shy of Z? What characterises the interaction between these properties? Is there any significance in how they interact for the meaning expressed by specific examples of this construction? The focus is on variants of the construction which have the same or quite similar idiomatic meaning. These are part of an expression group called “Fulldeckisms”, and they are used for stating that someone is mentally inadequate, mildly insane, or that something is not up to standard in a euphemistic and humoristic manner (Moon 1998, p. 159). The context in which the expression is used is important for its regularly metaphorical interpretation. However, what is interesting is that the construction itself appears to be an equally important recognisable factor for this metaphorical interpretation. The formulaic construction, previous cultural knowledge, and a certain level of cognitive ability are required for users of English to interpret the metaphor. The variants discussed have different literal or source meanings, but they all have the same kind of figurative or target meaning. The literal meanings cover a wide range of discourse or cognitive domains. However, the specific source domains appear to be almost irrelevant for forming the figurative meaning as long as the constraints on certain semantic and syntactic features of this expression are observed. Keywords: metaphor, source meaning, target meaning, meronymy, snowclone, construction, valence

The empirical data that lies behind this survey comes from field work between 1992 and 1995. This field work represents work I made myself as a sales-man for the company, Malmberg Original Water. The task was to implement the Malmberg mineral water brand on the restaurant market of the South-Swedish area. Our aim was to reach the upper-scale, premium market of restaurants. The mission was successfully completed, and at 1996 we had completed the position as the most exclusively positioned mineral water brand in Skåne (Southernmost Sweden). How could we fulfill this mission so fast, and with a very limited marketing budget (=0)?The secret key was that we managed to work and be in line with the values of our targeted customer group. We lived close to the customers and developed what was in line with their needs. This follows the research of Porter (1980) and Philipson (2011), serving the customer groups´ needs. Despite lack of money and budget from PR and promotion we made a large effort of serving and doing service towards our targeted customers.The thesis also focuses the target group´s importance for the construction of the brand identity. Strategic brand management-literature normally considers the target group taken-for-granted. Consumer research-literature, on the other hand, considers it as something vague and undefined. By applying a perspective of cultural values between the company, the brand and the target group it is possible to qualify the target group more than just refer to it as consumers or customers. The thesis also point to the conclusion not to consider brand identity as an independent entity, but dependent on the customers and the consumers. The consumers give birth to the brand. Finally since the target group is a group that is constantly set in motion, the brand also should reflect and represent change.

This study aims to investigate potential B2B customer segments in Umeå concerning company-wellness and rehabilitation services. We will investigate the market, identify a prospect target market and evaluate this target market on commission from Svenska-Re. The company Svenska-Re offers a service where customers travel to Gran Canaria, Spain, for a three week rehabilitation program. They offer various programs and are specialized in work-related injuries. By evaluating the target market we will investigate if there is an interest and need of the services provided by Svenska-Re in Umeå.