Global ETD Search

1	Knäkomponenters inverkan på livskvalité : En studie på individer med transfemoral amputation / The impact of knee components on quality of life : A study of individuals with a transfemoral amputation Karlsson, Ellinor, Medlöw, Ellen January 2017 (has links) Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka om det finns en skillnad i livskvalité mellan individer med transfemoral amputation som använder mikroprocesstyrd knäkomponent (MPK) respektive mekanisk knäkomponent (Mek.). Design: Tvärsnittsstudie Försökspersoner: 14 protesbrukare med unilateral transfemoral amputation (10 män, 4 kvinnor; 4 Mek., 10 MPK), amputerade på grund av trauma, kongenital orsak, infektion eller tumör och som använt sig av samma typ av knäled i minst ett år. Metod: För att studera livskvalité i målpopulationen genomfördes en enkätundersökning bestående av RAND-36 samt kompletterande frågor. Deltagarna fördelades i två grupper med avseende på knäkomponent för att möjliggöra analys av resultaten. Resultat: Ingen signifikant skillnad i livskvalité uppmättes mellan grupperna. De största skillnaderna observerades dock i den fysiska- (Mek.: 0 MPK: 50) och emotionella (Mek.: 41,75 MPK: 100) rollfunktionen. Slutsats: Resultatet i studien visade ingen signifikant skillnad i livskvalité mellan grupperna. Vidare bör mer specifika mätinstrument, inriktade mot individer med amputation, användas för att undersöka livskvalité i målpopulationen. / Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate if there is a difference in qualityof life (QoL) between individuals with a transfemoral amputation usingmicroprocessor-controlled knee components (MPK) versus mechanical kneecomponents (Mech.). Design: Cross-sectional study Subjects: 14 prosthesis users with a unilateral transfemoral amputation (10 men, 4women; 4 Mech., 10 MPK), amputated due to trauma, congenital reasons, infection ortumor and used the same prosthetic knee for at least one year. Method: To study QoL in the population concerned a questionnaire was carriedout, including the RAND-36 and supplementary questions. The participants were divided into two groups with regard to the knee component to enable the results to be analyzed. Results: No significant difference in QoL were found between the groups. The largest differences were observed in physical (Mech.: 0 MPK: 50) and emotional (Mech.: 41.75MPK: 100) role function. Conclusion: The result of the study showed no significant difference in QoL between the groups. Furthermore, specific measuring instruments targeting individuals with amputation should be used to investigate quality of life in the population concerned. leg prosthesis mechanical knee component microprocessor-controlled knee component nonvascular RAND-36 benprotes icke-vaskulär mekanisk knäkomponent mikroprocessorstyrd knäkomponent RAND-36 Medical and Health Sciences Medicin och hälsovetenskap
2	Multispectral imaging of Sphagnum canopies: measuring the spectral response of three indicator species to a fluctuating water table at Burns Bog Elves, Andrew 02 May 2022 (has links) Northern Canadian peatlands contain vast deposits of carbon. It is with growing urgency that we seek a better understanding of their assimilative capacity. Assimilative capacity and peat accumulation in raised bogs are linked to primary productivity of resident Sphagnum species. Understanding moisture-mediated photosynthesis of Sphagnum spp. is central to understanding peat production rates. The relationship between depth to water table fluctuation and spectral reflectance of Sphagnum moss was investigated using multispectral imaging at a recovering raised bog on the southwest coast of British Columbia, Canada. Burns Bog is a temperate oceanic ombrotrophic bog. Three ecohydrological indicator species of moss were chosen for monitoring: S. capillifolium, S. papillosum, and S. cuspidatum. Three spectral vegetation indices (SVIs) were used to characterize Sphagnum productivity: the normalized difference vegetation index 660, the chlorophyll index, and the photochemical reflectance index. In terms of spectral sensitivity and the appropriateness of SVIs to species and field setting, we found better performance for the normalized difference vegetation index 660 in the discrimination of moisture mediated species-specific reflectance signals. The role that spatiotemporal scale and spectral mixing can have on reflectance signal fidelity was tested. We were specifically interested in the relationship between changes in the local water table and Sphagnum reflectance response, and whether shifting between close spatial scales can affect the statistical strength of this relationship. We found a loss of statistical significance when shifting from the species-specific cm2 scale to the spectrally mixed dm2 scale. This spatiospectral uncoupling of the moisture mediated reflectance signal has implications for the accuracy and reliability of upscaling from plot based measurements. In terms of species-specific moisture mediated reflectance signals, we were able to effectively discriminate between the three indicator species of Sphagnum along the hummock-to-hollow gradient. We were also able to confirm Sphagnum productivity and growth outside of the vascular growing season, establishing clear patterns of reflectance correlated with changes in the local moisture regime. The strongest relationships for moisture mediated Sphagnum productivity were found in the hummock forming species S. capillifolium. Each indicator Sphagnum spp. of peat has distinct functional traits adapted to its preferred position along the ecohydrological gradient. We also discovered moisture mediated and species-specific reflectance phenologies. These phenospectral characteristics of Sphagnum can inform future monitoring work, including the creation of a regionally specific phenospectral library. It’s recommended that further close scale multispectral monitoring be carried out incorporating more species of moss, as well as invasive and upland species of concern. Pervasive vascular reflectance bias in remote sensing products has implications for the reliability of peatland modelling. Avoiding vascular bias, targeted spectral monitoring of Sphagnum indicator species provides a more reliable measure for the modelling of peatland productivity and carbon assimilation estimates. / Graduate peatland peatland restoration peatland monitoring peatland modelling peat peat moss multispectral multispectral imaging multicamera array multitemporal multiple linear regression linear mixed effects Sphagnum sphagna Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum papillosum Sphagnum cuspidatum spatiospectral uncoupling near-sensing remote sensing phenospectral phenology phenologies phenospectral bias phenospectral libraries carbon assimilation carbon dioxide carbon dynamics carbon emissions carbon geographies carbon mineralization carbon sequestration carbon source carbon sink carbon storage irrecoverable carbon climate forcing methane Ecological Restoration restoration ecology ecohydrology ecohydrological restoration hydrology ecohydrological gradients ecological integrity reflectance nature based solutions ombrotrophic moss raised peatland mires mires photochemical reflectance index normalized difference vegetation index chlorophyll index climate change climate forcing climate envelope climatope nonvascular vascular bias plant functional type plant functional types structure equation models spectral vegetation indices hummock hollow acrotelm catotelm diplotelmic biocrusts organic soil periodicity moisture deficit senescence rejuvenescence productivity photosynthesis light use efficiency photosynthetic function photosynthetically active radiation water table hydrology rewetting depth to water table landscape change landscape degradation peat subsidence Burns Bog

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Knäkomponenters inverkan på livskvalité : En studie på individer med transfemoral amputation / The impact of knee components on quality of life : A study of individuals with a transfemoral amputation

Multispectral imaging of Sphagnum canopies: measuring the spectral response of three indicator species to a fluctuating water table at Burns Bog