<p>Utveckling av olika typer av påbyggnadskod till programvaror blir allt vanligare. Dessa som går under samlingsnamnet plugins skiljer sig från vanliga applikationer då de har en annan struktur samt speciella beroenden till applikationsspecifika moduler. Problem uppstår när denna typ av utveckling inte stöds av de vanliga utvecklingsmiljöer som finns ute på företagen och delar som borde vara automatiserade måste utföras manuellt. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur utvecklingsmiljön för Java på Sandvik IT Services kan anpassas för att stödja plugin-utveckling för IBM Lotus Notes. I denna studie undersöks skillnaden mellan plugin-utveckling och den vanliga Java-utvecklingen på företaget samt hur detta påverkar verktygen i utvecklingsmiljön. Resultatet beskriver hur utvecklingsmiljön kan anpassas för att stödja plugin-utveckling och en lösning för detta föreslås. Slutligen visas en implementation av lösningen i form av en prototyp där utvecklingsmiljön anpassas för plugins med Maven pluginet Tycho.</p>

The purpose of the present thesis is to demonstrate in detail and by concrete example the construction of music as autonomous. It studies how the basic categories constituting the discourse of musical autonomy get reproduced in commercialized and mass-produced and at the same time institutionally authorized texts. The texts under examination consist of a number of sleeve-notes all concerned with the symphonies of Johannes Brahms. In the first two chapters the purposes as well as the theoretical framework and the methodological procedures of the study are presented. The third chapter provides an historical account of the discourse of musical autonomy. In the fourth chapter the basic categories of this discourse are identified. Each of these categories is discussed at length and their implications clarified. The fifth chapter comprises a text- and discourse analysis that purports to elucidate the internal structure of the texts as well as the relation between text and context. The sixth chapter seeks to determine the extent to which the texts can be seen as structured in accordance with the central categories of musical autonomy. The chapter argues that the texts under examination must indeed be understood as representing the symphonies of Johannes Brahms as autonomous and self-sufficient objects. The seventh and last chapter is concerned with the complex relation between power, knowledge and the constitution of subjectivity in the discourse of musical autonomy. The chapter identifies and discusses some of the operations of power relating to the constitution of the listening subject and to the disciplining of the human body, operations inextricably tied to the production and communication of knowledge within the discourse of musical autonomy. Thus, the real subject of this thesis is the discourse of musical autonomy itself. Its contribution to the ongoing discussion of musical autonomy lies at the level of exemplification: it picks out one of the places where this discourse gets reproduced and demonstrates in detail how that reproduction comes about. But it goes further than that in its attempt to highlight the power relations lying at the heart of the representation and communication of apparently autonomous musical works.

L’aparició de la cirurgia mínimament invasiva ha revolucionat el camp de la cirurgia abdominal. El cirurgians intenten minimitzar el dany produït per les grans incisions de la cirurgia oberta mitjançant la tecnologia endoscòpica. D’altra banda, els endoscopistes tenen la possibilitat de realitzar teràpies cada cop més agressives i que substitueixen, en molts casos, la necessitat de cirurgia El paradigma de la cirurgia combinada amb l’endoscòpia és la cirurgia endoscòpica transluminal a través d’orificis naturals (NOTES, de l’anglès Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery). Aquest procediment híbrid utilitza la tecnologia de l’endoscòpia flexible per realitzar cirurgia aprofitant els orificis naturals del cos i, per tant, sense necessitat d’incisions externes. Tot i això, abans de la seva implementació en humans, aquesta nova tècnica ha de demostrar que és segura i que ofereix avantatges reals pels pacients. Un dels potencials beneficis de la NOTES és la possibilitat de reduir l’estrès fisiològic que té qualsevol cirurgia. Tot i això, no es tracta en realitat d’una cirurgia sense incisions, sinó que es canvien les incisions de la pell per incisions a les vísceres. Això podria tenir unes conseqüències més perjudicials que les esperades a causa del pas mantingut de fluids intestinals, àcid gàstric, bilis o patògens entèrics a través de les viscerotomies, que podria tenir un elevat impacte inflamatori i, fins i tot, associar-se a més risc d’infeccions. Per aquests motius vam dur a terme un estudi que avalués l’impacte de la NOTES a través de les diferents vies d’accés a la cavitat peritoneal, és a dir, estómac, recte i vagina, i que el compares amb la laparoscòpia convencional. Quaranta animals d’un model porcí es van randomitzar en quatre grups, realitzant una peritoneoscòpia de 30 minuts, bé per laparoscòpia o bé per un dels diferents accessos NOTES (10 animals per grup). El principal objectiu del projecte va ser avaluar l’impacte fisiològic de cada tècnica amb les mostres de sang recollides durant el procediment i durant les dues setmanes posteriors. Una manera de quantificar aquest impacte és a través de la determinació de citocines o d’interleucines. Es va produir un augment dels nivells de TNFα a les 2 hores post-cirurgia en tots els grups respecte del basal. Els nivells basals i post-quirúrgics de TNFα no van ser diferents entre els quatre grups d’estudi. A l’avaluar els nivells de TNFα en sang com a diferència respecte els valors basals, els nivells en el grup NOTES transvaginal van ser els més baixos de tots els grups i inferiors de forma estadísticament significativa a les 2 i 8 hores respecte al grup NOTES transrectal. De tot això es pot concloure que l’impacte fisiològic de la peritoneoscòpia realitzada per NOTES en qualsevol dels accessos estudiats, avaluat mitjançant la resposta de TNFα, és comparable al de la laparoscòpia. Tot i això, l’accés transvaginal podria tenir un impacte fisiològic inferior, com a mínim respecte a l’accés transrectal. Com a segon objectiu vam avaluar l’aparició d’infeccions mitjançant cultius i seguiment clínic en el post-operatori. No es van observar diferencies rellevants entre els grups, pel que es pot concloure que els diferents accessos NOTES semblen comparables a la laparoscòpia en termes d’episodis infecciosos amb repercussió clínica. A més vam avaluar dos sistemes de sutura endoscòpic en desenvolupament: el Brace Bar pel tancament transgàstric i el Padlock-G pel transcolònic. Per últim, els resultats tècnics dels procediments van mostrar un temps quirúrgic superior en tots els grups de NOTES, principalment a causa del temps d’incisió i/o de sutura. D’altra banda, la pressió mitjana del pneumoperitoni va ser inferior en tots els grups NOTES. No es van observar diferències en l’aparició de complicacions quirúrgiques intraoperatòries ni postoperatòries. / "Physiological impact of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) thorough different access sites: comparative study in a survival porcine model" Minimally invasive surgery has revolutionized abdominal surgery in many fields and has slowly taken over a vast majority of surgical procedures. Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) uses flexible endoscopy technology to perform laparoscopic surgery without the need of skin incisions. However, the physiologic impact of NOTES is unknown. This is because NOTES is not incisionless, it exchanges skin incisions for internal viscerotomies. Thus, contamination of the peritoneal cavity by enteric contents may render NOTES more physiologically invasive than previously thought. The aim of our studies was to compare the inflammatory effects of NOTES different accesses and laparoscopy. Forty female pigs were assigned to transgastric, transrectal, and transvaginal NOTES and laparoscopic peritoneoscopy groups. Pre- and postoperative blood samples and peritoneal fluid collected at surgery were analyzed. Animals were followed daily for 14 days. There were no statistical differences in serum levels of TNFα among the groups. When serum TNFα values were expressed as the difference from the baseline, in the transvaginal group they were significantly lower than in the transrectal at 2 h and at 8 h. We therefore concluded that inflammatory parameters are similar after NOTES and laparoscopic peritoneoscopy despite longer surgery time in the NOTES group. The vaginal route seems to reduce the inflammatory stress. We also evaluated the frequency of infection during. In these small series of animals and with the careful lavage and preparation used, NOTES appeared to be comparable to laparoscopy in terms of peritoneal contamination and clinical infection. Finally, we tested to suture systems: the Brace Bar for transgastric incision and the Padlock-G for the transcolonic.

No description available.

The purpose of this research is to understand the knowledge sharing behavior of employees of a company through the Lotus Notes groupware. This research adopted the quality research method. Top 20 employees who had highest frequencies of knowledge sharing were selected based on the Lotus Notes database of the target company. An one-one interview with these top 20 employees was proceeded. Finally, 13 employees accepted a comprehensive interview. The impact factors of knowledge sharing behavior can be classified into three levels: individual, group and organization. The related factors of the knowledge sharing behavior will also affected by each other. In the aspects of the individual level, there are four main factors, which include altruism, working attitude, inspiration and individual capability. Regarding the group level, the main factors include the attitude of manager, cooperation requirement, mutual benefit, communication, trust and partnership. As for the organizational level, job position, information technology, organizational culture, knowledge management system and the category of knowledge are the main impact factors. For each main factor, more details are explored. Overall, this research has provided a comprehensive framework of the impact factors of the employees¡¦ knowledge sharing behaviors of the target company. Hopefully, it can serve as the foundation for future research.

<p>Detta arbete behandlar vad man som organisation bör tänka på när man inför ett intranät i sin verksamhet. Jag anser att det generellt saknas riktlinjer för hur en intranätimplementering i en organisation bör gå till. De aspekter som arbetet tar upp är främst vilken information som är lämplig att distribueras via ett intranät, hur ett intranät bör administreras, underhållas och förvaltas, samt vilken implementationsplattform man skall bygga sitt intranät på. När det gäller intranätplattformar har jag begränsat min undersökning till en jämförelse mellan webbaserade intranät och intranät baserade på gruppvaruprogrammet Lotus Notes. Arbetet har utförts genom en litteraturstudie och genom intervjuer med representanter från fem olika organisationer som nyligen har, eller är på väg att införa ett intranät i sin verksamhet.</p><p>Slutsatserna visar på att nästan all information kan distribueras via ett intranät och att en organisation bör införa klara och strikta regler och rutiner för hur administration, underhåll och förvaltning av ett intranät skall gå till. Plattformsvalet beror främst på vilken typ av organisation det är frågan om, användarnas kompetens och datorvana, vad organisationen har tänkt att använda intranätet till, samt vilka investeringsmöjligheter organisationen har. Rapporten avslutas med en diskussion och förslag till fortsatt arbete.</p>

Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Sciences de l'éducation : Lyon 2 : 2007. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.

This dissertation examines Tolstoy’s reevaluation of his creative approaches to writing through the medium of his experimental pedagogical work with the peasant children on his estate. It is argued that Tolstoy’s pedagogical interlude forms an important bridge to the writer’s fiction and should not be viewed as a digression from his development as a writer, but as an integral part of it. This project explores how the educational essays Tolstoy wrote during this period facilitate his transition from championing the aesthetic theory of “pure art” in his formative years as a writer for The Contemporary to a more mature author of War and Peace, the major masterwork that is imbued with conclusions reached during his pedagogical interlude. Tolstoy’s evolution as a writer is examined in the context of his relationship to the aesthetic ideas of the 1850’s that became a springboard for Tolstoy’s later aesthetic concepts. A comprehensive textual analysis of Tolstoy’s lesser known early works such as Notes from Lucerne and “Albert” is undertaken in order to highlight some of their important stylistic peculiarities that provide a valuable insight into the authorial presence and the nature of Tolstoy’s aesthetic rhetoric. Further, it is demonstrated how the school at Yasnaya Polyana becomes the writer’s experimental workshop, a testing ground for Tolstoy’s pedagogical theories and his creative ideas, which he checks against his students’ perception. Finally, the study is concluded by examining Tolstoy’s most encompassing work, his epic novel War and Peace through the medium of his educational writings and ideas. By locating some of the main concepts of his pedagogical philosophy in the context of this monumental masterwork, we illuminate their meaning more clearly as filtered through the prism of Tolstoy’s creative thought in order to demonstrate to what extent Tolstoy’s educational ideas informed his creative writings. It is established that all the central principles of Tolstoy’s educational thought such as his pedagogy of freedom, his ideas of aesthetic education through reading, art and music, his religious and moral education found their reflections on the pages of War and Peace and commend a great deal to a modern educator. / text

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the notion of risk as set out in Issues Notes 1, in the document “Transfer Pricing Aspects of Business Restructurings: Discussion Draft for Public Comment”. Furthermore, the approach of this draft is compared with the authorized OECD approach, established in the 2010 Report on the Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments. German law on transfer pricing provisions will also be examined to see whether domestic provisions could make a good example in allocating risks, as a supplement to the guidance from the OECD. Issues Notes 1 has been subject for a debate as to how it should be interpreted and whether the provisions laid down in the document provide the tax authorities of contracting states too much room for subjectivity in determining whether risk allocation scenarios as set up by associated enterprises have economic substance. It has also been argued that Issues Notes 1 is an attempt by the OECD to align risk allocation under Article 9 of the OECD Model Convention with the authorized OECD approach, applicable to permanent establishments, because risk allocation under Article 7 is conducted by applying the Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations by analogy. There are however crucial differences between associated enterprises and permanent establishments which makes this impossible. The guidance under Issues Notes 1 is insufficient, why the OECD should seek to further clarify the concepts regarding business restructurings. The German way of implementing domestic provisions is incompatible with the provisions of the OECD and Article 9 and therefore violates most of its tax treaties.

Siauliai vocational training centre is an education institution, which prepares a student for vocational career, establishes effective and modern ways of teaching and learning. Siauliai vocational training centre portal is an excellent implement to accomplish these goals. Nowadays explore is of great importance to reach generally used data and documents at any time and place. In the research there were introduced concepts of a portal, analyzed portal’s methods of estimation, accordance with school and teaching portal were investigated. Moreover, there were analyzed the production of informational system with the means of Lotus Domino Designer R6 and their use in setting up an internet portal. It was described the motion of portal modeling too. Portal is made up for Lotus Notes clients and the users of internet by using Lotus Domino Designer elements ( framesets, outlines, pages, forms, subforms, views, agents, image resources, script libraries, combined with Lotus Script, Lotus formulae, JavaScript, HTML programming languages and Java applets). The portal system comprises database of teachers, students, estimation and announcements, and administrator’s module (database performing systemic function). Access to reading/editing documents is set according to the subordination of school commune hierarchy (administration, teachers, students) and roles in the portal system.