It is common to test many hypotheses simultaneously in the application of statistics. The probability of making a false discovery grows with the number of statistical tests performed. When all the null hypotheses are true, and the test statistics are indepen- dent and continuous, the error rates from the family wise error rate (FWER)- and the false discovery rate (FDR)-controlling procedures are equal to the nominal level. When some of the null hypotheses are not true, both procedures are conservative. In the first part of this study, we review the background of the problem and propose methods to estimate the number of true null hypotheses. The estimates can be used in FWER- and FDR-controlling procedures with a consequent increase in power. We conduct simulation studies and apply the estimation methods to data sets with bio- logical or clinical significance. In the second part of the study, we propose a mixture model approach for the analysis of ChIP-chip high density oligonucleotide array data to study the interac- tions between proteins and DNA. If we could identify the specific locations where proteins interact with DNA, we could increase our understanding of many important cellular events. Most experiments to date are performed in culture on cell lines, bac- teria, or yeast, and future experiments will include those in developing tissues, organs, or cancer biopsies, and they are critical in understanding the function of genes and proteins. Here we investigate the ChIP-chip data structure and use a beta-mixture model to help identify the binding sites. To determine the appropriate number of components in the mixture model, we suggest the Anderson-Darling testing. Our study indicates that it is a reasonable means of choosing the number of components in a beta-mixture model. The mixture model procedure has broad applications in biology and is illustrated with several data sets from bioinformatics experiments.

Referential null objects are attested in several varieties of Spanish that are in contact with other languages. Some of them coexist with languages with rich agreement system, e.g., Spanish in contact with Quechua and Basque (cf., e.g., Landa 1995; Franco 1993; Sánchez 1998). The availability of such null objects is thought to be due to some type of transfer from the contact language. As such, bilingualism and language dominance are relevant in determining whether or not a speaker drops objects. One objective of this work is to examine the Spanish language forms of Basque-Spanish speakers of disparate levels of Spanish and Basque abilities, with the aim of determining the role of dominance in the occurrence of null objects. Results obtained from naturalistic data contradict previous claims on dominance. Statistical analysis concludes that dominance is not a factor that determines the occurrence of null objects. Furthermore, closer analysis of the data suggests that these findings challenge previous hypotheses regarding the semantic nature that licenses null objects. Data conflicts with claims on animacy being the feature that allows object drop demonstrating that the picture is less clear than suggested in earlier proposals. / text

Conditor is a software tool which works with textual documents containing historical information. The purpose of this work two-fold: firstly to show the validity of the developed engine to correctly identify and label the entities of the universe of discourse with a labelled-combined XTM-DITA model. Secondly to explain the improvements achieved in the information retrieval process thanks to the use of a object-oriented database (JPOX) as well as its integration into the Lucene-type database search process to not only accomplish more accurate searches, but to also help the future development of a recommender system [21]. We finish with a brief demo in a 3D-graph of the results of the aforementioned search.

Prepared for EAD@10: A Symposium Celebrating the 10th Anniversary of Encoded Archival Description.

award winner of the best oral presentation, European Association for Health Information & Libraries Workshop 2007, Kraków, Poland, 12-15 September 2007 / Since 2006, the Campus Library of Biomedical Sciences of K.U.Leuven University is reconsidering its role in education and research. Giving access to scientific information is still our libraryâ s most important mission. However, teaching our students and academic staff the skills for efficient retrieval and use of scientific information is increasingly becoming an important task too. In the past, instruction was limited to guided tours and short library instruction sessions, organized on an individual and unsystematic basis. This changed in 2006, when we were asked by the Faculty of Medicine to reconsider part of the medical curriculum in the light of integrating information literacy in it. The following considerations were made: 1. information literacy should be integrated in a systematic way in the curriculum 2. minimal skills of information literacy should be determined for each level 3. instruction in information literacy should be a continuous line starting in the first and ending in the last year (vertical line) 4. information literacy should be acquired in an active way in as many courses as possible (horizontal line) 5. instruction in information literacy is a shared responsibility of library and academic staff As a result, the biomedical library was given the responsibility of information literacy in the beginning of the curriculum of medical students, while academic staff took the responsibility of the rest. At the same time, the library was investing a lot in providing our academic staff with tools, formats and learning objects for integrating information literacy in their lessons. We also started planning systematic trainings for keeping our academic staff up to date with major changes in scientific information. The new curriculum of the Faculty of Medicine was put into practice in October 2006. It was soon followed by similar projects in all other biomedical faculties of our university.

This paper identifies the "state of the art" in digital library education in Library and Information Science programs, by identifying the readings that are assigned in digital library courses and the topics of these readings. The most frequently-assigned readings are identified at multiple units of analysis, as are the topics on which readings are most frequently assigned. While no core set of readings emerged, there was significant consensus on the authors to be included in digital library course reading assignments, as well as the topics to be covered. Implications for the range of assigned readings and topics for digital library education in library science education are discussed.

Santuokos pripažinimo negaliojančia institutas nėra naujas šiuolaikinės civilinės teisės kūrinys. Šis institutas pirmą kartą istoriniuose šaltiniuose paminėtas dar XVI amžiuje. Santuokos negaliojimo teisiniai pagrindai bei teisinės pasekmės reglamentuotos Lietuvos Respublikos civiliniame kodekse. Šiame darbe sisteminės analizės būdu atskleidžiama santuokos pripažinimo negaliojančia instituto esmė bei jo išskirtinumas. Šis institutas apibrėžiamas kaip pačios valstybės atsisakymas asmenų sudarytą santuoką pripažinti ir ginti, išreikštas teismo sprendimu. Lyginamuoju aspektu analizuojami skirtingų užsienio valstybių santuokos negaliojimo pagrindai, Lietuvoje pripažįstant ar nepripažįstant santuoką, turinčią užsienio elementą, negaliojančia. Didėjant mišrių santuokų skaičiui, daugėja ir santuokos negaliojimo atvejų. Šiame darbe nagrinėjamos tarptautinių konvencijų, tarptautinių sutarčių nuostatos, taikomos užsienio valstybių teismų sprendimų dėl santuokos pripažinimo negaliojančia. Ypatinga vieta skiriama ES teisei, o ypač – Briuselio IIbis reglamentui, kuriuo suvienodinama valstybių narių teismų sprendimų dėl santuokos pripažinimo negaliojančia procedūra. / The institute of marriage annulment is not new basis regarding the end of legal relations between spouses. Marriage annulment was first mentioned in Lithuanian historical sources in 16th century. The grounds and procedures for declaring Marriage Null and Void are provided in the Article 3.37 of the Civil Code of Lithuanian Republic. In this work by the help of systematic method there is developed the substance of marriage annulment and its distinguishing points extracting this institute from the others institutes declaring the end of legal relations between spouses. This institute is being determined as the rejection of the country to accept and guard the alliance of spouses and to acclaim such alliance as marriage. Different grounds of marriage annulment are being analysed by the help of comparative method. Marrying a foreigners and getting married in the foreign countries becomes more and more popular nowadays. But also with this, the institute of marriage annulment becomes more applicable in practice. In this work we analyse international conventions, agreements and other international documents regarding acknowledgement of the court ruling. The special place in this work is set for European Union Law concerning marriage annulment, especially the new Brussels II (Council Regulation (EC) No 2201/2003 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in matrimonial matters and in matters of parental responsibility for the children of both spouses).

Zugl.: Siegen, Univ., Diss., 2008

University, Diss., 2003--Köln.

As the wireless communications networks expand, the number of both unwanted directional interferences and strong nearby sources increase, which degrade system performance. The signal-tointerference ratio (SIR) can be improved by using multiple nulls in the directions of the interferences while maintaining omnidirectional coverage in the direction of the network users. For the communication system considered, the interferences are static and their spatial positions are known. A non-adaptive antenna array is needed to provide spatial filtering in a static wireless environment. Omnidirectional arrays, such as cylindrical arrays, are the most suitable to provide the omnidirectional coverage and are capable of suppressing interferences when nulls are inserted in the radiation pattern. In this thesis, a cylindrical microstrip patch antenna array is investigated as an antenna to provide an omnidirectional radiation pattern with nulls at specified angular locations to suppress interference from directional sources. Three null synthesis methods are described and used to provide the omnidirectional array pattern with nulls using the radiation characteristics of the cylindrical microstrip patch antenna elements. The orthogonal projection method is extended to incorporate the directive radiation patterns of the cylindrical microstrip patch elements. Using this method, an optimal pattern that minimises the squared pattern error with respect to the ideal pattern is obtained. Instead of only minimising the array pattern error, a multi-objective optimisation approach is also followed. The objective weighting method is applied in null pattern synthesis to improve the amplitude pattern characteristics of the cylindrical patch arrays. As a third null synthesis technique, a constraint optimisation method is applied to obtain a constrained pattern with the desired amplitude pattern characteristics. The influence of the array attributes on the characteristics of the amplitude patterns obtained from the null synthesis methods, is also studied. In addition, the implementation of the cylindrical microstrip patch array is investigated. The influence of the mutual coupling on the characteristics of the null patterns of the cylindrical patch arrays is investigated utilising simulations and measurements. A mutual coupling compensation technique is used to provide matched and equal driving impedances for all the patch antenna elements given a required set of excitations. Test cases in which this technique is used, are discussed and the consequent improvements in the bandwidth and reflection coefficient of a linear patch arrays are shown. The characteristics of the resulting null pattern for the cylindrical microstrip patch array is also improved using the compensation technique. / Thesis (PhD (Electronic Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering / unrestricted