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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

An assessment of the dietary intake of pregnant women in the West Coast / Winelands region, Western Cape Province: relation to low birth weight.

Jaffer, Sharmilah. January 2008 (has links)
<p>This secondary analysis aimed to develop dietary scores to assess the dietary intake of pregnant women in the West Coast/ Winelands region and determine the association with LBW. Further to determine the association between the dietary scores and maternal socioeconomic and socio-demographic characteristics and maternal smoking and/or alcohol consumption during pregnancy.</p>
12

An assessment of the dietary intake of pregnant women in the West Coast / Winelands region, Western Cape Province: relation to low birth weight.

Jaffer, Sharmilah. January 2008 (has links)
<p>This secondary analysis aimed to develop dietary scores to assess the dietary intake of pregnant women in the West Coast/ Winelands region and determine the association with LBW. Further to determine the association between the dietary scores and maternal socioeconomic and socio-demographic characteristics and maternal smoking and/or alcohol consumption during pregnancy.</p>
13

An assessment of the dietary intake of pregnant women in the West Coast / Winelands region, Western Cape Province: relation to low birth weight

Jaffer, Sharmilah January 2008 (has links)
Magister Scientiae - MSc / This secondary analysis aimed to develop dietary scores to assess the dietary intake of pregnant women in the West Coast/ Winelands region and determine the association with LBW. Further to determine the association between the dietary scores and maternal socioeconomic and socio-demographic characteristics and maternal smoking and/or alcohol consumption during pregnancy. / South Africa
14

Ingestão de nutrientes segundo variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas em adultos brasileiros: Inquérito Nacional de Alimentação - Brasil, 2008-2009 / Nutrient intake according to demographic and socioeconomic variables in Brazilian adults: National Dietary Survey - Brazil, 2008-2009

Marina Campos Araujo 07 October 2013 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A tese descreve a ingestão de nutrientes segundo variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas em adultos brasileiros, com base nos dados da primeira avaliação nacional do consumo alimentar individual, o Inquérito Nacional de Alimentação (INA), realizado entre 2008 e 2009. Um total de 34.003 indivíduos com pelo menos 10 anos de idade participaram do estudo. O presente estudo incluiu 21.003 indivíduos adultos, de 20 a 59 anos de idade, com exceção das mulheres gestantes e lactantes (n=1.065). O consumo alimentar individual foi estimado utilizando dois dias de registros alimentares não consecutivos. O consumo usual de nutrientes foi estimado pelo método do National Cancer Institute que permitiu a correção da variabilidade intraindividual. As prevalências de ingestão inadequada de nutrientes foram estimadas segundo o sexo e faixas etárias utilizando o método da necessidade média estimada como ponte de corte. A inadequação de sódio foi avaliada pelo consumo acima do nível de ingestão máximo tolerável. Os resultados são apresentados na forma de dois artigos. No primeiro artigo, estimaram-se as prevalências de inadequação segundo as cinco grandes regiões (Norte, Nordeste, Sudeste, Sul e Centro-Oeste) e a situação do domicílio (urbano e rural). Observaram-se prevalências de inadequação maiores ou iguais a 70% para cálcio entre os homens e magnésio, vitamina A, sódio em ambos os sexos. Prevalências maiores ou iguais a 90% foram encontradas para cálcio entre as mulheres e vitaminas D e E em ambos os sexos. No geral, os grupos com maior risco de inadequação de micronutrientes foram as mulheres e os que residem na área rural e na região Nordeste. No segundo artigo, estimaram-se as prevalências de inadequação do consumo segundo renda e escolaridade. A renda foi caracterizada pela renda mensal familiar per capita e a escolaridade definida pelo número de anos completos de estudo. Ambas variáveis foram categorizadas em quartis. Modelos de regressão linear simples e mutuamente ajustados foram estimados para verificar a associação independente entre o consumo de nutrientes e as variáveis socioeconômicas. Foram testadas as interações entre renda e escolaridade. Verificou-se que a inadequação da maioria dos nutrientes diminuiu com o aumento da renda e escolaridade; porém, o consumo excessivo de gordura saturada e o baixo consumo de fibra aumentaram com ambas variáveis. Grande parte dos nutrientes foi independentemente associada à renda e escolaridade, contudo, o consumo de ferro, vitamina B12 e sódio entre mulheres foi associado somente com a educação. Observou-se interação entre renda e escolaridade na associação com o consumo de sódio em homens, fósforo em mulheres e cálcio em ambos os sexos. Os achados indicam que melhorar a educação é um passo importante na melhoria do consumo de nutrientes no Brasil, além da necessidade de formulação de estratégias econômicas que permitam que indivíduos de baixa renda adotem uma dieta saudável. Nossos resultados mostram também um grande desafio das ações de saúde pública na área de nutrição, com importantes inadequações de consumo em toda população adulta brasileira e particularmente em grupos populacionais e regiões mais vulneráveis do país. / The thesis describes the nutrient intake according to demographic and socioeconomic variables in Brazilian adults, based on data from the first national survey of individual food intake. The National Dietary Survey (NDS) was conducted between 2008 and 2009. Total of 34,003 subjects aged 10 years or older participated in the study. The present study included 21,003 Brazilian adults, aged 2059 years, after exclusion of pregnant and lactating women (n= 1,065). Two non-consecutive days of food records were used to estimate individual food intake. National Cancer Institute method allows correcting the within-person variance to estimate the usual nutrient intake. The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) cut-off point method was used to estimate the prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake according to sex and age group. The sodium inadequacy was estimated by intake above the tolerable upper intake level. The results are presented in two papers. In the first paper, prevalence of inadequacy was estimate according to macro regions of the country (North, Northeast, Southeast, South and Midwest) and location of the households (urban or rural). Prevalence of inadequacy equal to or greater than 70% were observed for calcium among men and magnesium, vitamin A, and sodium among both sexes. Prevalence equal to or greater than 90% were found for calcium in women and vitamins D and E in both sexes. In general, the greatest risk groups of inadequate micronutrient intake were women and those living in rural areas and in the Northeast region. In the second paper, the prevalence of inadequacy was estimate according to income and education. Income was characterized by monthly household per capita income and education was defined by number of full years of study. Both variables were categorized into quartiles. Simple linear regression models and mutually adjusted were estimated to verify the independent association between nutrient intake and socioeconomic variables. The interactions between income and education were tested. Results indicated that most of nutrients inadequacy decreased with increasing income and education; however, the excessive intake of saturated fat and low fiber intake increased with both variables. Most of nutrients were independently associated with income and education, however, iron, vitamin B12 and sodium intake among women were only associated with education. The interaction between income and education were observed in the association with sodium intake in men, phosphorus in women and calcium in both sexes. The findings indicate that improvement of education is an important step in reaching an adequate nutrient intake in Brazil, besides the need to formulate economic strategies that would allow lower-income individuals to adopt a healthy diet. Our results also show a major challenge to public healthy actions in the nutrition area, with important inadequacies of intake in adult Brazilian population, particularly in the most vulnerable regions of the country.
15

Ingestão de nutrientes segundo variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas em adultos brasileiros: Inquérito Nacional de Alimentação - Brasil, 2008-2009 / Nutrient intake according to demographic and socioeconomic variables in Brazilian adults: National Dietary Survey - Brazil, 2008-2009

Marina Campos Araujo 07 October 2013 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A tese descreve a ingestão de nutrientes segundo variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas em adultos brasileiros, com base nos dados da primeira avaliação nacional do consumo alimentar individual, o Inquérito Nacional de Alimentação (INA), realizado entre 2008 e 2009. Um total de 34.003 indivíduos com pelo menos 10 anos de idade participaram do estudo. O presente estudo incluiu 21.003 indivíduos adultos, de 20 a 59 anos de idade, com exceção das mulheres gestantes e lactantes (n=1.065). O consumo alimentar individual foi estimado utilizando dois dias de registros alimentares não consecutivos. O consumo usual de nutrientes foi estimado pelo método do National Cancer Institute que permitiu a correção da variabilidade intraindividual. As prevalências de ingestão inadequada de nutrientes foram estimadas segundo o sexo e faixas etárias utilizando o método da necessidade média estimada como ponte de corte. A inadequação de sódio foi avaliada pelo consumo acima do nível de ingestão máximo tolerável. Os resultados são apresentados na forma de dois artigos. No primeiro artigo, estimaram-se as prevalências de inadequação segundo as cinco grandes regiões (Norte, Nordeste, Sudeste, Sul e Centro-Oeste) e a situação do domicílio (urbano e rural). Observaram-se prevalências de inadequação maiores ou iguais a 70% para cálcio entre os homens e magnésio, vitamina A, sódio em ambos os sexos. Prevalências maiores ou iguais a 90% foram encontradas para cálcio entre as mulheres e vitaminas D e E em ambos os sexos. No geral, os grupos com maior risco de inadequação de micronutrientes foram as mulheres e os que residem na área rural e na região Nordeste. No segundo artigo, estimaram-se as prevalências de inadequação do consumo segundo renda e escolaridade. A renda foi caracterizada pela renda mensal familiar per capita e a escolaridade definida pelo número de anos completos de estudo. Ambas variáveis foram categorizadas em quartis. Modelos de regressão linear simples e mutuamente ajustados foram estimados para verificar a associação independente entre o consumo de nutrientes e as variáveis socioeconômicas. Foram testadas as interações entre renda e escolaridade. Verificou-se que a inadequação da maioria dos nutrientes diminuiu com o aumento da renda e escolaridade; porém, o consumo excessivo de gordura saturada e o baixo consumo de fibra aumentaram com ambas variáveis. Grande parte dos nutrientes foi independentemente associada à renda e escolaridade, contudo, o consumo de ferro, vitamina B12 e sódio entre mulheres foi associado somente com a educação. Observou-se interação entre renda e escolaridade na associação com o consumo de sódio em homens, fósforo em mulheres e cálcio em ambos os sexos. Os achados indicam que melhorar a educação é um passo importante na melhoria do consumo de nutrientes no Brasil, além da necessidade de formulação de estratégias econômicas que permitam que indivíduos de baixa renda adotem uma dieta saudável. Nossos resultados mostram também um grande desafio das ações de saúde pública na área de nutrição, com importantes inadequações de consumo em toda população adulta brasileira e particularmente em grupos populacionais e regiões mais vulneráveis do país. / The thesis describes the nutrient intake according to demographic and socioeconomic variables in Brazilian adults, based on data from the first national survey of individual food intake. The National Dietary Survey (NDS) was conducted between 2008 and 2009. Total of 34,003 subjects aged 10 years or older participated in the study. The present study included 21,003 Brazilian adults, aged 2059 years, after exclusion of pregnant and lactating women (n= 1,065). Two non-consecutive days of food records were used to estimate individual food intake. National Cancer Institute method allows correcting the within-person variance to estimate the usual nutrient intake. The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) cut-off point method was used to estimate the prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake according to sex and age group. The sodium inadequacy was estimated by intake above the tolerable upper intake level. The results are presented in two papers. In the first paper, prevalence of inadequacy was estimate according to macro regions of the country (North, Northeast, Southeast, South and Midwest) and location of the households (urban or rural). Prevalence of inadequacy equal to or greater than 70% were observed for calcium among men and magnesium, vitamin A, and sodium among both sexes. Prevalence equal to or greater than 90% were found for calcium in women and vitamins D and E in both sexes. In general, the greatest risk groups of inadequate micronutrient intake were women and those living in rural areas and in the Northeast region. In the second paper, the prevalence of inadequacy was estimate according to income and education. Income was characterized by monthly household per capita income and education was defined by number of full years of study. Both variables were categorized into quartiles. Simple linear regression models and mutually adjusted were estimated to verify the independent association between nutrient intake and socioeconomic variables. The interactions between income and education were tested. Results indicated that most of nutrients inadequacy decreased with increasing income and education; however, the excessive intake of saturated fat and low fiber intake increased with both variables. Most of nutrients were independently associated with income and education, however, iron, vitamin B12 and sodium intake among women were only associated with education. The interaction between income and education were observed in the association with sodium intake in men, phosphorus in women and calcium in both sexes. The findings indicate that improvement of education is an important step in reaching an adequate nutrient intake in Brazil, besides the need to formulate economic strategies that would allow lower-income individuals to adopt a healthy diet. Our results also show a major challenge to public healthy actions in the nutrition area, with important inadequacies of intake in adult Brazilian population, particularly in the most vulnerable regions of the country.
16

Assessing the role of native plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) isolated from Cameroon soil as bio-inoculant in improving plant growth

Tchuisseu Tchakounte, Gylaine Vanissa 10 March 2021 (has links)
Der Mangel an Nährstoffen im Boden, hauptsächlich an Phosphor (P) und Stickstoff (N), verbunden mit einem hohen Salzgehalt und der generellen Verarmung landwirtschaftlicher Böden , sind ein ernstes Problem für die landwirtschaftliche Produktion weltweit. Daher besteht ein dringender Bedarf an Forschung und Entwicklung geeigneter landwirtschaftlicher Praktiken, um ungünstige Bodenbedingungen zu verringern und wenn möglich die Fruchtbarkeit von Kulturland wiederherzustellen. Die Verwendung von Rhizobakterien, die das Pflanzenwachstum (PGPR) fördern, kann sich bei der Entwicklung von Strategien zur Erleichterung des Pflanzenwachstums unter normalen Wachstumsbedingungen sowie unter abiotischen Stress als nützlich erweisen. Diese Bakterien bieten ihren pflanzlichen Wirten Vorteile, indem sie die Aufnahme von Bodenmineralien fördern und Pflanzen vor schädlichen Umwelteinflüssen schützen. Die vorliegende Arbeit bewertet die Rolle von in Kamerun natürlich vorkommenden PGPR an Mais und untersucht deren Potenzial als Bioimpfstoffe zur Steigerung des Pflanzenwachstums in Kamerun. Wir prüfen die Hypothese, dass einheimische Bakteriengemeinschaften aus Kamerun einen hohen Anteil an Bakterien aufweisen, deren Eigenschaften Kulturpflanzen helfen, mit ungünstigen Bedingungen umzugehen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden dazu Bakteriengemeinschaften der Rhizosphäre von in Kamerun angebautem Mais isoliert und untersucht. Zum ersten Mal erfolgte eine umfassende phylogenetische Zuordnung aller kultivierbaren Bakterien, auf Grundlage ihrer potenziellen Fähigkeiten zur Förderung des Pflanzenwachstums. / Nutrient deficiencies in soil, mainly in phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N), coupled to salinity and the impoverishment of agricultural soils, are a severe problem for agricultural production worldwide. Therefore, there is an urgent need for research and development of more suitable agricultural practices in order to reduce unfavorable conditions, and if possible, to restore the fertility of cultivated lands. The use of rhizobacteria, which promote plant growth (PGPR), can prove useful in developing strategies to facilitate plant growth under normal as well as under abiotic stress conditions. These bacteria offer benefits to plant hosts by promoting the uptake of soil minerals and protecting plants from environmental stresses. The thesis evaluates the role of native PGPR associated with maize as potential bio-inoculants for plants growth in Cameroon. We hypothesized that native bacterial communities from Cameroon include a high potential of bacteria helping the plant cope with unfavorable conditions. Here, we provide for the first time a comprehensive phylogenetic affiliation of cultivable bacterial communities associated with maize rhizosphere grown in Cameroon in relationship to their potential plant growth-promoting abilities.
17

Das Auftreten acidophiler/calcifuger Pflanzenarten in Kalk-Halbtrockenrasen / The occurence of acidophile/calcifuge plant species in semi-arid calcareous grasslands

Fühner, Christoph 02 November 2005 (has links)
No description available.

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