Online support groups have shown a strong potential to foster resourceful environments for people living with depression without restrictions of time, space, and stigma. Research has found that users of those groups exchange various types of support. However, due to the scarcity of research, many other aspects of depression online support groups remain inconclusive. In particular, how the support exchange contributes to the everyday lives of users living with depression remains unclear. To contribute to filing some of the knowledge gaps, the present study explored what kinds of support were requested and provided in a depression online support group. By doing so, this study aimed to examine the roles of the depression online support group in the management of depression. Mixed methods were employed with a concurrent triangulation strategy. A sample of 980 posts were selected systematically from the support group. Demographic and clinical information of the users who made those posts were recorded. Quantitative and qualitative content analyses were conducted to examine the types of support being exchanged through those posts. Inter-coder reliability was calculated to ensure the consistency of the coding process. The results indicate that users sought informational support, various types of emotional support and coaching support, and social companionship. Users not only sought listening ears, but also practical advice to cope with the situations they were going through. The group appeared to serve its users as a place to meet others with similar experience; to manage loneliness; to discuss what they could not discuss elsewhere; to "just vent"; to gain advice from multiple perspectives on an issue that had been magnifying the impact of depression; to share the experience with formal care provision systems; to express immediate support needs; to share useful discoveries, accomplishments, and creative ways to manage depression; and to experience the value of helping others. This study supports the idea that depression online support groups have the strong potential to contribute to the everyday lives of people living with depression in a way that is not available elsewhere and in a way that complement to the overall framework of existing care provision systems.

The Internet is increasingly being used as a source of health advice and information by individuals with long term conditions (LTCs). Online forums allow people to interact with others with similar conditions, providing access to a form of social support that is based around the shared experiences of living with and managing an LTC. However, it is not clear how this support is integrated into people’s lives and their use of health services. To date, research in this area has predominately focused on single conditions, and while it has been suggested that Internet forums may be particularly beneficial for those with ‘contested’ LTCs, this has not been adequately explored. This study aims to address this gap by exploring how individuals with contested and uncontested LTCs utilise Internet forums. This study used qualitative methods, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 participants with ME/CFS and 21 participants with type 1 and 2 diabetes. These conditions were considered to provide an appropriate context in which to explore the use of the Internet and Internet forums for contested and uncontested LTCs. Participants were recruited via a number of online and offline routes, including discussion boards, email lists, newsletters, and face-to-face support groups. Interviews transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. The results focused on three overlapping themes that were identified during the analysis; namely (1) the process of developing and maintaining trust on forums, (2) accessing support and empowerment online, and (3) forum users’ presentations of self online. The use of online discussion groups was a complex and nuanced process, and was influenced by a number of individual and illness specific factors. Developing relationships with trusted forum members enabled individuals to give and receive support online, and provided a tool of empowerment. While access to peer support and the lived experiences of others were valued by interviewees, forums also allowed participants to access both experiential and scientific knowledge online, providing both lay and expert perspectives around LTCs. In addition, interviewees were seen to carefully manage how they presented themselves on forums, selecting the information that they shared about themselves in order to develop and maintain a particular online persona. By drawing on the advice, information, and support shared online, participants were empowered to position themselves as active participants in their own healthcare and to further engage with healthcare professionals. The findings indicate that forums can play a valuable role in aiding and motivating individuals in the daily management of LTCs, and highlight how this support is used to complement formal health services.

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Women with gynecological (GYN) cancer experience a wide spectrum of physical, emotional and social effects after diagnosis and treatment of their cancer. The insufficient availability of local support groups, limited transportation for the rural Chinese population and a shortage of oncologists make it difficult to have face-to-face support groups for Chinese GYN cancer patients. However, the wide access of Internet has provided an opportunity for people to have online support groups. The purpose of this study was to observe and describe the types of support given to and by Chinese GYN cancer survivors in a QQ chat group. This was a qualitative study that used the directed content analysis approach. A QQ group was observed for two weeks between March 10th (12:01am) and March 24st (11:59pm) 2018 Beijing time. Observed online posts were copied and pasted into a WORD ™ document for analysis. There were 4 themes observed: sharing experience, information exchange, emotional support and Guardian Against Cancer group member benefits. The results of the study suggested that women supported each other but little evidence-based support was observed. Healthcare providers should be monitoring and engaging in conversations with group members. Well-planed and organized information sessions should also be beneficial for members. Further research on understanding members’ needs on online support groups and the effectiveness of intervention should be conducted.

Youth in the foster care system experience unique and challenging situations online, such as higher risks of inappropriate messaging (e.g., sexting) and unwanted solicitations from strangers. As a vulnerable group of adolescents, foster youth often use online platforms as a resource to express themselves and seek support over their sexual experiences online. This thesis analyzes how foster youth seek support online for their sexual risk experiences, including sexual abuse, sexting, and sexuality. To understand how adolescents (ages 13-17) in the child welfare system seek support for these experiences, we conducted a thematic analysis of 541 individual posts made by 121 different foster youth on an online mental health peer support forum. The majority of the foster youth used the platform to seek support online over their traumatic sexual experiences involving sexual abuse (42%), sexting (31%), and sexuality (28%). Approximately 9% of foster youth used the platform to connect with others for sexting. As a result of seeking support online and connecting with others on the platform, they shared personal and intimate details about themselves and their experiences and, unfortunately, also encountered unwanted sexual solicitations while doing so. Our research highlights the importance of providing safe spaces for foster youth to seek support and advice regarding their sexual risk experiences online. Trigger Warning: This thesis discusses sensitive topics, such as sexual abuse and sexuality. Reader discretion is advised.

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The rate of thyroid cancer diagnosis has risen, and researchers' findings point to improved diagnostic testing and overdiagnosis as well as increases in actual incidences as the reasons behind this rise. With improved treatments and testing methods, the number of thyroid cancer survivors has also increased. Thyroid cancer presents challenges to coping and can cause significant stress in an individual's life. More specifically, anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) creates complicated challenges for patients and survivors. The problem is patients need support during diagnosis and treatment when adjusting to their 'new normal' and may be reaching to Internet based social support groups to gain health information. Lazarus's transactional theory of stress and coping formed a framework for this generic qualitative exploration of the types of support and information ATC patients and survivors receive through participating in an online Facebook support group. Thematic content analysis was conducted on archival data collected from the group over 4 months, namely 2,384 posts created by 166 group members. From this analysis, a picture relevant to all group participants was developed to include themes found among the data. Themes of emotional, informational and spiritual support emerged as well as the significance of using emojis as symbolic expressions of support. Implications for social change include expanding the theoretical knowledge of the ATC patient and survivor experience and the types of support available in online environments. This knowledge can lead to positive social change in terms of improving support resources, which may help in recovery from ATC; lessening the burden on patients, families, providers, insurance, the healthcare system, and our society as a whole.