Esta tese é o rastreamento das forças que as práticas (produtos e serviços) e discursos de marketing fazem circular por espaços do futebol de espetáculo brasileiro, ajudando a transformá-lo. Em aproximação à Actor-Network-Theory (LATOUR, 2005; LAW 2004), o estudo compôs-se de três movimentos principais: geração de controvérsias sobre a natureza do real, estudo das formas como os atores procuram estabilizar as controvérsias e, por fim, um exercício de onto-política (crítica). O caso concreto que serviu como espaço de partida foi o Grêmio de Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense, do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os dados coletados incluíram a observação, observação participante, análise de documentos, entrevistas, dados financeiros e survey em uma abordagem de inspiração etnográfica. A partir de um olhar sensível para o contexto histórico e social do clubismo brasileiro e do clube estudado em específico (DAMO, 1998, 2005), procurei pensar as práticas e discursos de marketing inseridas na complexidade. Confrontados com diversidade e intensa participação de torcedores apaixonados e fiéis, cujos afetos variam abruptamente conforme as vitórias e derrotas do time no jogo (incerteza), os dirigentes/gestores desenvolvem dispositivos de reconversão de capital afetivo/simbólico em econômico mediados por três agências centrais: O Europeísmo (imaginário de futuro), Estética Dirigente (gosto tramado à classe) e Disciplinarização de Marketing (controle sobre o futuro). A mediação dessas entidades na transformação do futebol de espetáculo brasileiro opera como ‘construção de mundos’ (THRIFT, 2008a e b) com força estética que, entre outras coisas, agem para a inclusão e exclusão de torcedores de participação legítima nos espaços sagrados do clube. Adiciono controvérsia ao debate sobre formação de mercados na disciplina de Marketing (ARAUJO, 2007; KJELLBERG e HELGESSON; HELGESSON, 2007) a partir da proposta da relevância da dimensão estética dos mercados. Por fim, proponho formas alternativas de condução do clube a partir de uma inspiração da crítica pós-colonial (SAID, 1978; MIGNOLO, 2008). / This dissertation traces the forces that marketing practices (product and services) and discourses circulate in Brazilian spectacle football (soccer) helping to transform it. Using Actor-Network-Theory (LATOUR, 2005; LAW 2004), it makes three main movements: generates controversies about the nature of reality, studies the ways in which actors seek to stabilize controversies, and finally, an exercise onto-politics (criticism). The empirical space of departure was Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense, from Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The data collected included observation, participant observation, document analysis, interviews, financial data and surveys, inspired by an ethnographic approach. Sensitive for the historical and social context of Brazilian clubism and of the specific club studied (DAMO, 1998, 2005), I sought to think marketing practices and discourses within complexity. Faced with the diverse and active participation of passionate and faithful supporters, whose affections vary abruptly with team victories and defeats in the game (uncertainty), directors/managers develop affective/symbolic into economic capital conversion devices which are mediated by three main agencies: Europeism (imaginary future), Director’s Aesthetics (entangled with social class) and Marketing Disciplinarization (control over the future). This entities mediate a ‘world making’ process (THRIFT, 2008a e b) with aesthetic power in the transformation of Brazilian spectacle football that, among other things, acts on the inclusion and exclusion of supporters from legitimate participation in the sacred spaces of the club. I add to the debate on market formation in the Marketing discipline (ARAUJO, 2007; KJELLBERG e HELGESSON; HELGESSON, 2007) through the enactment of the relevance of aesthetics for markets. Finally, I propose alternative ways of conducting the football club inspired in postcolonial criticism (SAID, 1978; MIGNOLO, 2008).

Water resources are increasingly precious, so wastewater reclaiming has become an important source of water nowadays. There are many types of industry including conventional and hi-tech ones in the selected industrial processing zone, where different process wastewaters are treated by a centralized wastewater treatment plant. The effluent is then discharged into the ocean (EDO). On the other hand, among several other industries backside grinding (BG) wastewater generated by the IC (integrated-circuit) packaging and testing industry is treated by their owned wastewater treatment plants and then discharged onto land (EDL). Normally, BG wastewater is huge in quantity and it contains microscale and nanoscale particles. The objectives of this research were two-fold: (1) to evaluate the feasibility of using two tubular ceramic membranes (microfiltration and ultrafiltration) coupled with the electrocoagulation/electrofiltration (EC/EF) process to effectively treat the effluent discharged into the ocean, effluent discharged onto land, and BG wastewater for the purpose of reclamation; and (2) to investigate the best time for backwashing of membranes through the analysis of components of membrane fouling using resistances in series model. The experimental results showed that the ultrafiltration (UF) membrane (i.e., tubular TiO2/Al2O3 composite membrane) outperformed the mictrofiltration (MF) membrane (i.e., tubular Al2O3 membrane) in terms of permeate quality. But, generally, the later yielded a greater membrane flux. In the case of BG wastewater by UF and EC/EF, the quality of permeate met the tap water standards in terms of water quality items analyzed. As for EDO and EDL further treated by UF and EC/EF, all the analyzed water quality items of permeate, except pH and total dissolved solids, met the tap water standards in Taiwan. Thus, more efforts have to be made to reclaim these two types of effluent. Finally, the components of membrane fouling were analyzed using resistances in series model for the tested water specimens. The results showed that generally the irreversible resistance component (Rirr) had a greater contribution to a better quality of permeate than that of the reversible resistance component (Rr). It was also found that the magnitude of Rirr of BG wastewater was greater than Rirr values of the other two effluents. This might explain why the quality of permeate of the former was better than the latter. The results further indicated that Rr increased more than Rirr as the operating time elapsed, resulting in a limited improvement of permeate quality even a longer treatment time was employed. To recover the membrane flux to its optimum, in this study the best time for backwashing of membrane was determined based on the time at which Rr was greater than Rirr. However, the flux recovery was found to be in the range of 60-77% as compared with the initial flux for a virgin membrane in treating new batch of water specimens. The fraction unable to recover by backwashing might be contributed by Rirr in the membrane pores. A further acid washing would resolve this problem.

Esta tese é o rastreamento das forças que as práticas (produtos e serviços) e discursos de marketing fazem circular por espaços do futebol de espetáculo brasileiro, ajudando a transformá-lo. Em aproximação à Actor-Network-Theory (LATOUR, 2005; LAW 2004), o estudo compôs-se de três movimentos principais: geração de controvérsias sobre a natureza do real, estudo das formas como os atores procuram estabilizar as controvérsias e, por fim, um exercício de onto-política (crítica). O caso concreto que serviu como espaço de partida foi o Grêmio de Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense, do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os dados coletados incluíram a observação, observação participante, análise de documentos, entrevistas, dados financeiros e survey em uma abordagem de inspiração etnográfica. A partir de um olhar sensível para o contexto histórico e social do clubismo brasileiro e do clube estudado em específico (DAMO, 1998, 2005), procurei pensar as práticas e discursos de marketing inseridas na complexidade. Confrontados com diversidade e intensa participação de torcedores apaixonados e fiéis, cujos afetos variam abruptamente conforme as vitórias e derrotas do time no jogo (incerteza), os dirigentes/gestores desenvolvem dispositivos de reconversão de capital afetivo/simbólico em econômico mediados por três agências centrais: O Europeísmo (imaginário de futuro), Estética Dirigente (gosto tramado à classe) e Disciplinarização de Marketing (controle sobre o futuro). A mediação dessas entidades na transformação do futebol de espetáculo brasileiro opera como ‘construção de mundos’ (THRIFT, 2008a e b) com força estética que, entre outras coisas, agem para a inclusão e exclusão de torcedores de participação legítima nos espaços sagrados do clube. Adiciono controvérsia ao debate sobre formação de mercados na disciplina de Marketing (ARAUJO, 2007; KJELLBERG e HELGESSON; HELGESSON, 2007) a partir da proposta da relevância da dimensão estética dos mercados. Por fim, proponho formas alternativas de condução do clube a partir de uma inspiração da crítica pós-colonial (SAID, 1978; MIGNOLO, 2008). / This dissertation traces the forces that marketing practices (product and services) and discourses circulate in Brazilian spectacle football (soccer) helping to transform it. Using Actor-Network-Theory (LATOUR, 2005; LAW 2004), it makes three main movements: generates controversies about the nature of reality, studies the ways in which actors seek to stabilize controversies, and finally, an exercise onto-politics (criticism). The empirical space of departure was Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense, from Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The data collected included observation, participant observation, document analysis, interviews, financial data and surveys, inspired by an ethnographic approach. Sensitive for the historical and social context of Brazilian clubism and of the specific club studied (DAMO, 1998, 2005), I sought to think marketing practices and discourses within complexity. Faced with the diverse and active participation of passionate and faithful supporters, whose affections vary abruptly with team victories and defeats in the game (uncertainty), directors/managers develop affective/symbolic into economic capital conversion devices which are mediated by three main agencies: Europeism (imaginary future), Director’s Aesthetics (entangled with social class) and Marketing Disciplinarization (control over the future). This entities mediate a ‘world making’ process (THRIFT, 2008a e b) with aesthetic power in the transformation of Brazilian spectacle football that, among other things, acts on the inclusion and exclusion of supporters from legitimate participation in the sacred spaces of the club. I add to the debate on market formation in the Marketing discipline (ARAUJO, 2007; KJELLBERG e HELGESSON; HELGESSON, 2007) through the enactment of the relevance of aesthetics for markets. Finally, I propose alternative ways of conducting the football club inspired in postcolonial criticism (SAID, 1978; MIGNOLO, 2008).

Esta tese é o rastreamento das forças que as práticas (produtos e serviços) e discursos de marketing fazem circular por espaços do futebol de espetáculo brasileiro, ajudando a transformá-lo. Em aproximação à Actor-Network-Theory (LATOUR, 2005; LAW 2004), o estudo compôs-se de três movimentos principais: geração de controvérsias sobre a natureza do real, estudo das formas como os atores procuram estabilizar as controvérsias e, por fim, um exercício de onto-política (crítica). O caso concreto que serviu como espaço de partida foi o Grêmio de Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense, do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os dados coletados incluíram a observação, observação participante, análise de documentos, entrevistas, dados financeiros e survey em uma abordagem de inspiração etnográfica. A partir de um olhar sensível para o contexto histórico e social do clubismo brasileiro e do clube estudado em específico (DAMO, 1998, 2005), procurei pensar as práticas e discursos de marketing inseridas na complexidade. Confrontados com diversidade e intensa participação de torcedores apaixonados e fiéis, cujos afetos variam abruptamente conforme as vitórias e derrotas do time no jogo (incerteza), os dirigentes/gestores desenvolvem dispositivos de reconversão de capital afetivo/simbólico em econômico mediados por três agências centrais: O Europeísmo (imaginário de futuro), Estética Dirigente (gosto tramado à classe) e Disciplinarização de Marketing (controle sobre o futuro). A mediação dessas entidades na transformação do futebol de espetáculo brasileiro opera como ‘construção de mundos’ (THRIFT, 2008a e b) com força estética que, entre outras coisas, agem para a inclusão e exclusão de torcedores de participação legítima nos espaços sagrados do clube. Adiciono controvérsia ao debate sobre formação de mercados na disciplina de Marketing (ARAUJO, 2007; KJELLBERG e HELGESSON; HELGESSON, 2007) a partir da proposta da relevância da dimensão estética dos mercados. Por fim, proponho formas alternativas de condução do clube a partir de uma inspiração da crítica pós-colonial (SAID, 1978; MIGNOLO, 2008). / This dissertation traces the forces that marketing practices (product and services) and discourses circulate in Brazilian spectacle football (soccer) helping to transform it. Using Actor-Network-Theory (LATOUR, 2005; LAW 2004), it makes three main movements: generates controversies about the nature of reality, studies the ways in which actors seek to stabilize controversies, and finally, an exercise onto-politics (criticism). The empirical space of departure was Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense, from Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The data collected included observation, participant observation, document analysis, interviews, financial data and surveys, inspired by an ethnographic approach. Sensitive for the historical and social context of Brazilian clubism and of the specific club studied (DAMO, 1998, 2005), I sought to think marketing practices and discourses within complexity. Faced with the diverse and active participation of passionate and faithful supporters, whose affections vary abruptly with team victories and defeats in the game (uncertainty), directors/managers develop affective/symbolic into economic capital conversion devices which are mediated by three main agencies: Europeism (imaginary future), Director’s Aesthetics (entangled with social class) and Marketing Disciplinarization (control over the future). This entities mediate a ‘world making’ process (THRIFT, 2008a e b) with aesthetic power in the transformation of Brazilian spectacle football that, among other things, acts on the inclusion and exclusion of supporters from legitimate participation in the sacred spaces of the club. I add to the debate on market formation in the Marketing discipline (ARAUJO, 2007; KJELLBERG e HELGESSON; HELGESSON, 2007) through the enactment of the relevance of aesthetics for markets. Finally, I propose alternative ways of conducting the football club inspired in postcolonial criticism (SAID, 1978; MIGNOLO, 2008).

No description available.

Syftet med denna mindre etnografiska studie är att utmana uppdelningen mellan matematik och estetikgenom att undersöka barns estetiska skapande och vilken matematiska möjligheter som uppstår underprocessen i barns möte med materialet. Detta med hjälp av deltagande observationer för att kunnaundersöka barns möte med matematik, estetik och material i en sammanflätad tillblivelseprocess däringet överordnar det ena eller det andra. Med hjälp av tidigare forskning, litteratur, metod och teorivisar resultatet i studien att matematiken är möjlig och en del i barns estetiska skapande. I empirin blirdet synligt att det inte endast är människan som är aktiv i skapandet av kunskap utan ävenmaterialiteter har agens och kraft att påverka oss i den dynamiska intra-aktion som uppstår. Slutsatsenmed studien blir att det inte går att göra tydliga uppdelningar av ämnesdiscipliner som matematik ochestetik, subjekt-objekt och teori-praktik utan allt är i rörelse av ständig tillblivelse.

Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-05-11T14:42:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_JOAO_ALVES_TEIXEIRA_NETO_PARCIAL.pdf: 704162 bytes, checksum: fac9ae44d0b6d2fdc4ebf4f7a6ca065b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-11T14:42:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_JOAO_ALVES_TEIXEIRA_NETO_PARCIAL.pdf: 704162 bytes, checksum: fac9ae44d0b6d2fdc4ebf4f7a6ca065b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / It is an investigation, within the scope of criminal law, which has as its object the criminal protection of animals, orienting itself from the question of the possibility for the animals to be holders of legal good, concluding for its positive hypothesis. The phenomenological method of investigation allows the unveiling of the original phenomenon that would justify the criminal protection of animals: the ontoanthropological relationship of care-of-danger (to-animals). This phenomenon, when brought to the criminal law discursiveness, is called the onto-anthropological basis for criminal protection of animals. / Trata-se de uma investiga??o, no ?mbito da dogm?tica jur?dico-penal, que tem por objeto a tutela penal de animais, orientando-se a partir da pergunta pela possibilidade de os animais serem titulares de bens jur?dico-penais, concluindo-se pela sua hip?tese positiva. O m?todo fenomenol?gico da investiga??o permite o desvelamento do fen?meno origin?rio que justificaria a tutela penal de animais: a rela??o onto-antropol?gica de cuidado-de-perigo (para-com-os-animais). Esse fen?meno, quando trazido para a discursividade jur?dico-penal, ? chamado de o fundamento onto-antropol?gico da tutela penal de animais.

In this paper, we will review two fundamental counting methods: inclusionexclusion and pigeonhole principles. The inclusion-exclusion principle considers the elements of the sets satisfied some conditions, and avoids repeat counting by disjoint sets. We also use the inclusion-exclusion principle to solve the problems of Euler phi function and the number of onto functions in number theory, and derangement and the number of nonnegative integer solutions of equations in combinatorics. We derive the closed-form formula to those problems. For the forbidden positions problems, we use the rook polynomials to simplify the counting process. We also show the form of the inclusion-exclusion principle in probability, and use it to solve some probability problems. The pigeonhole principle is an easy concept. We can establish some sets and use the pigeonhole principle to discuss the extreme value about the number of elements. Choose the pigeons and pigeonholes, properly, and solve problems by the concept of the pigeonhole principle. We also introduce the Ramsey theorem which is an important application of the pigeonhole principle. This theorem provides a method to solve problems by complete graph. Finally, we give some contest problems about the inclusion-exclusion and pigeonhole principles to show how those principles are used.

Imaging speed is very important in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), especially in dynamic cardiac applications, which involve respiratory motion and heart motion. With the introduction of reduced-data MR imaging methods, increasing acquisition speed has become possible without requiring a higher gradient system. But these reduced-data imaging methods carry a price for higher imaging speed. This may be a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) penalty, reduced resolution, or a combination of both. Many methods sacrifice edge information in favor of SNR gain, which is not preferable for applications which require accurate detection of myocardial boundaries. The central goal of this thesis is to develop novel reduced-data imaging methods to improve reconstructed image performance. This thesis presents a novel reduced-data imaging method, PINOT (Parallel Imaging and NOquist in Tandem), to accelerate MR imaging. As illustrated by a variety of computer simulated and real cardiac MRI data experiments, PINOT preserves the edge details, with flexibility of improving SNR by regularization. Another contribution is to exploit the data redundancy from parallel imaging, rFOV and partial Fourier methods. A Gerchberg Reduced Iterative System (GRIS), implemented with the Gerchberg-Papoulis (GP) iterative algorithm is introduced. Under the GRIS, which utilizes a temporal band-limitation constraint in the image reconstruction, a variant of Noquist called iterative implementation iNoquist (iterative Noquist) is proposed. Utilizing a different source of prior information, first combining iNoquist and Partial Fourier technique (phase-constrained iNoquist) and further integrating with parallel imaging methods (PINOT-GRIS) are presented to achieve additional acceleration gains.

This thesis firstly aims at discussing the early works of American poet Marianne Moore (1887-1972) through the bio-philosophical perspectives developed since the investigations of Estonian Jacob von Uexküll (1864-1944). The study elucidates Uexküll’s research on the web-like forms of life that is the Umwelt of animals and Moore’s creation of poetic environments. Such investigations provide a basis for the analysis of Moore’s animals and environments in dialogue with Martin Heidegger’s (1889-1976) concepts of “poverty in world”, and “animal captivation”. Uexküll’s and Heidegger’s concepts are revised by Italian Giorgio Agamben (1942- ), who proposes that there is an openness in the state of being ontologically captivated, caused by interactional processes occurring within the environment. Subsequently, taking into account these same perspectives, this thesis offers a comparative study of Marianne Moore and Brazilian poet João Cabral de Melo Neto (1920-1999), engaging, respectively, her early poems with his book O Cão Sem Plumas [The Dog without Feathers], written in 1950. From the bio-philosophical perspectives previously discussed, this study focuses on moral and ethical stances addressed towards interpretations of the onto-ethological (Buchanan, 2008) nature of animals. The study analyses how both Moore and Melo Neto convey their ethical reflections and specific moral issues through expressions of nature and animal life, especially when they emphasise contexts of violence, misery and deprivation, either in material or conceptual respects, involved with the ontological and world-forming conditions of both animals and human beings. Therefore, the research will focus on their use of literary devices, such as allegories, and literary genres, such as fables, in order to develop both explicit and implicit dimensions of their poetry, thus providing a deeper understanding of the ontological status of animals and human beings.