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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

A color filter array interpolation method for digital cameras using alias cancellation

Appia, Vikram V. 31 March 2008 (has links)
To reduce cost, many digital cameras use a single sensor array instead of using three arrays for the red, green and blue. Thus at each pixel location only the red, green or blue intensity value is available. And to generate a complete color image, the camera must estimate the missing two values at each pixel location .Color filter arrays are used to capture only one portion of the spectrum (Red, Green or Blue) at each location. Various arrangements of the Color Filter Array (CFA) are possible, but the Bayer array is the most commonly used arrangement and we will deal exclusively with the Bayer array in this thesis. Since each of the three colors channels are effectively downsampled, it leads to aliasing artifacts. This thesis will analyze the effects of aliasing in the frequency- domain and present a method to reduce the deterioration in image quality due to aliasing artifacts. Two reference algorithms, AH-POCS (Adams and Hamilton - Projection Onto Convex Sets) and Adaptive Homogeneity-Directed interpolation, are discussed in de- tail. Both algorithms use the assumption that there is high correlation in the high- frequency regions to reduce aliasing. AH-POCS uses alias cancellation technique to reduce aliasing in the red and blue images, while the Adaptive Homogeneity-Directed interpolation algorithm is an edge-directed algorithm. We present here an algorithm that combines these two techniques and provides a better result on average when compared to the reference algorithms.
42

Conceptual Framework for the Study of Evaluation Practices in Educational Institutions: From the Theory of OSA (Onto-Semiotic Approach to Mathematical Knowledge and Instruction) / Marco conceptual para el estudio de las prácticas de evaluación en una institución educativa: desde la teoría del EOS

Aparicio Pereda, Ana Sofía, Bazán Guzmán, Jorge Luis, Abdounur, Oscar Joao 10 April 2018 (has links)
This is a conceptual framework for the diagnostic study of the role of evaluation practices in the learning process in educational institutions. The framework is based on concepts given by the Onto-Semiotic Approach to mathematical knowledge and instruction (OSA), which have been adapted to this context. / Presentamos un marco conceptual para el estudio diagnóstico de las prácticas de evaluación en el proceso de aprendizaje. El marco está basado en los conceptos provenientes del enfoque del conocimiento y la instrucción matemática (EOS), los cuales han sido adaptados en este contexto.
43

Intéropérabilité sémantique dans le domaine du diagnostic in vitro : Représentation des Connaissances et Alignement

Mary, Melissa 23 October 2017 (has links)
La centralisation des données patients au sein de répertoires numériques soulève des problématiques d’interopérabilité avec les différents systèmes d’information médicaux tels que ceux utilisés en clinique, à la pharmacie ou dans les laboratoires d’analyse. Les instances de santé publique, en charge de développer et de déployer ces dossiers, recommandent l’utilisation de standards pour structurer (syntaxe) et coder l’information (sémantique). Pour les données du diagnostic in vitro (DIV) deux standards sémantiques sont largement préconisés : - la terminologie LOINC® (Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes) pour représenter les tests de laboratoire ;- l’ontologie SNOMED CT® (Systematized Nomenclature Of MEDicine Clinical Terms) pour exprimer les résultats observés.Ce travail de thèse s’articule autour des problématiques d’interopérabilité sémantique en microbiologie clinique avec deux axes principaux : Comment aligner un Système Organisé de Connaissances du DIV en microbiologie avec l’ontologie SNOMED CT® ? Pour répondre à cet objectif j’ai pris le parti dans mon travail de thèse de développer des méthodologies d’alignement adaptées aux données du diagnostic in vitro plutôt que de proposer une méthode spécifique à l’ontologie SNOMED CT®. Les méthodes usuelles pour l’alignement d’ontologies ont été évaluées sur un alignement de référence entreLOINC® et SNOMED CT®. Les plus pertinentes sont implémentées dans une librairie R, qui sert de point de départ pour créer de nouveaux alignements au sein de bioMérieux. Quels sont les bénéfices et limites d’une représentation formelle des connaissances du DIV ? Pour répondre à cet objectif je me suis intéressée à la formalisation du couple <Test—Résultat>(Observation) au sein d’un compte-rendu de laboratoire. J’ai proposé un formalisme logique pour représenter les tests de la terminologie LOINC® qui a permis de montrer les bénéfices d’une représentation ontologique pour classer et requêter les tests. Dans un second temps, j’ai formalisé un patron d’observations compatible avec l’ontologie SNOMED CT® et aligné sur lesconcepts de la top-ontologie BioTopLite2. Enfin, le patron d’observation a été évaluée afin d’être utilisé au sein des systèmes d’aide à la décision en microbiologie clinique. Pour résumer, ma thèse s’inscrit dans une dynamique de partage et réutilisation des données patients. Les problématiques d’interopérabilité sémantique et de formalisation des connaissances dans le domaine du diagnostic in vitro freinent aujourd’hui encore le développement de systèmes experts. Mes travaux de recherche ont permis de lever certains de ces verrous et pourront être réutilisés dans de nouveaux systèmes intelligents en microbiologie clinique afin de surveiller par exemple l’émergence de bactéries multi-résistantes, et adapter en conséquence des thérapies antibiotiques. / The centralization of patient data in different digital repositories raises issues of interoperability with the different medical information systems, such as those used in clinics, pharmacies or in medical laboratories. The public health authorities, charged with developing and implementing these repositories, recommend the use of standards to structure (syntax) and encode (semantic) health information. For data from in vitro diagnostics (IVD) two standards are recommended: - the LOINC® terminology (Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes) to represent laboratory tests;- the SNOMED CT® ontology (Systematized Nomenclature Of MEDicine Clinical Terms) to express the observed results.This thesis focuses on the semantic interoperability problems in clinical microbiology with two major axes: How can an IVD Knowledge Organization System be aligned with SNOMED CT®? To answer this, I opted for the development of alignment methodologies adapted to the in vitro diagnostic data rather than proposing a specific method for the SNOMED CT®. The common alignment methods are evaluated on a gold standard alignment between LOINC® and SNOMED CT®. Themost appropriate are implemented in an R library which serves as a starting point to create new alignments at bioMérieux.What are the advantages and limits of a formal representation of DIV knowledge? To answer this, I looked into the formalization of the couple ‘test-result’ (observation) in a laboratory report. I proposed a logical formalization to represent the LOINC® terminology and I demonstrated the advantages of an ontological representation to sort and query laboratory tests. As a second step, I formalized an observation pattern compatible with the SNOMED CT® ontology and aligned onthe concept of the top-ontology BioTopLite2. Finally, the observation pattern was evaluated in order to be used within clinical microbiology expert systems. To resume, my thesis addresses some issues on IVD patient data share and reuse. At present, the problems of semantic interoperability and knowledge formalization in the field of in vitro diagnostics hampers the development of expert systems. My research has enabled some of the obstacles to be raised and could be used in new intelligent clinical microbiology systems, for example in order to be able to monitor the emergence of multi resistant bacteria and consequently adapt antibiotic therapies.
44

Barn &lt;3 Rösträtt=? : Figurationer om rösträtten, rösträttsbärare och icke rösträttsbärare / Children &lt;3 Right to vote=? : Figurations about the right to vote, voting rights holders and non-voting rights holders

Frid, Sofi January 2023 (has links)
Den här studien syftar till att undersöka vilka figurationer om rösträtten, rösträttsbäraren och icke rösträttsbäraren som framkommer i samtal med barn. En vägledande fråga för studien har varit att lyfta barns röster i egenskap av att de dels är exkluderade från att delta i rösträtten, dels för att det finns en avsaknad av barns egna röster inom forskning om rösträtten. För att belysa den generativa kraft som figurationer besitter presenteras inledningsvis historiska figurationer om barn och barndom. Tillsammans med den svenska rösträttens historia agerar de etablerade figurationerna grund för den kommande analysen och diskussionen. För att finna vilka figurationer som återfinns genomfördes intervjuer med 13 barn. Intervjuerna strukturerades i enlighet med en dialogisk intervjumetod. Intervjuerna generade fem texter i novellformat där barnens figurationer om rösträtten, rösträttsbärare och icke rösträttsbärare framträder. Texterna som är skapade av mig utgör studiens resultat och analys. Analysen visar på att majoriteten av barnen tar fasta på figurationer där den vuxne agerar rösträttsbärare och barnet agerar en icke rösträttsbärare. Ett fåtal av barnen talade om egenskaper, mer eller mindre, lämpade för att inneha rösträtt. Egenskaper som både barn och vuxna kan besitta.
45

Exploring Spaces of Not Knowing : an Artist View / Exploring Spaces of Not Knowing : an Artist View

Edelholm, Nike January 2018 (has links)
The understanding, I draw from this inquiry has come through a muddy, and complex entangledprocess. I have been re-turning like a "Baradian" earthworm, to experiences of being, in spacesof not-knowing. Digesting the mud, moving it, once more, like worms do, through the body.By doing an agential cut, into two spaces, eventually three strong agents unfold: Risk,Vulnerability, and Trust. Out of this result, an ethical and pedagogical question arise: How totake account of Vulnerability and Trust when encouraging our students to Risk?Entering a space of not knowing is at the foundation of my art practice. When as an arteducator,I went to China to inquire into the educational strategies of Chinese Classical Painting,I found myself thrown into a multitude of spaces of not knowing. This thesis, is an inquiry intohow being in such spaces, perform knowledge. To explore this, I return to the field-notes andvisual material including a report in the form of a visual essay of the study from 2011. I re-turnto this material with new tools and concepts inspired by Karen Barads metaphors of diffractionand earth-worms approach, as well as my artists tools: brush, water colours, ink, and paper;inrtoducing painting as a tool for analysis.As a theoretical approach, I entangle the flat ontology of Deleuze and Guattari, and theonto-epistem-ology of Barad, with the philosophical traditions in China of Buddhism and Dao.From an onto-epistem-ological perspective, I ask the question: "If we know about the worldbecause we are of the world," what knowledge then appear, when we experience our being in theworld as a space of not knowing. In this study, I have found that a space of not knowing performlearning through experiences of Vulnerability, Risk and Trust.The art part of this thesis is connected to Risk as well as to Vulnerability and Trust. Itfeatures a rope hanging from the ceiling to the floor. It is a rope that has been used during severalyears by a Circus artist during performances; hanging high up in the ceiling — demanding focusand presence from him. The installation at Konstfack spring-show 2018 featured the Circus artistrope together with a painting made in the context of Buddhist Vipassana meditation, entanglingmy tactile approach in art, with the text of this thesis.
46

Αλγοριθμικές τεχνικές εντοπισμού και παρακολούθησης πολλαπλών πηγών από ασύρματα δίκτυα αισθητήρων

Αμπελιώτης, Δημήτριος 12 April 2010 (has links)
Οι πρόσφατες εξελίξεις στις ασύρματες επικοινωνίες και στα ηλεκτρονικά κυκλώματα έχουν επιτρέψει την ανάπτυξη υπολογιστικών διατάξεων χαμηλού κόστους και χαμηλής κατανάλωσης ισχύος, οι οποίες ενσωματώνουν δυνατότητες μέτρησης (sensing), επεξεργασίας και ασύρματης επικοινωνίας. Οι διατάξεις αυτές, οι οποίες έχουν ιδιαίτερα μικρό μέγεθος, καλούνται κόμβοι αισθητήρες. Ένα ασύρματο δίκτυο κόμβων αισθητήρων αποτελείται από ένα πλήθος κόμβων οι οποίοι έχουν αναπτυχθεί σε κάποια περιοχή ενδιαφέροντος προκειμένου να μετρούν κάποια μεταβλητή του περιβάλλοντος. Ανάμεσα σε πολλές εφαρμογές, ο εντοπισμός και η παρακολούθηση των θέσεων πηγών οι οποίες εκπέμπουν κάποιο σήμα (π.χ. ακουστικό, ηλεκτρομαγνητικό) αποτελεί ένα πολύ ενδιαφέρον θέμα, το οποίο μάλιστα μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί και ως βάση για τη μελέτη άλλων προβλημάτων τα οποία εμφανίζονται στα ασύρματα δίκτυα αισθητήρων. Οι περισσότερες από τις υπάρχουσες τεχνικές εντοπισμού θέσης μιας πηγής από μια συστοιχία αισθητήρων μπορούν να ταξινομηθούν σε δυο κατηγορίες: (α) Τις τεχνικές οι οποίες χρησιμοποιούν μετρήσεις διεύθυνσης άφιξης (Direction of Arrival, DOA) και (β) τις τεχνικές οι οποίες χρησιμοποιούν μετρήσεις διαφοράς χρόνων άφιξης (Time Difference of Arrival, TDOA). Ωστόσο, οι τεχνικές αυτές απαιτούν υψηλό ρυθμό δειγματοληψίας και ακριβή συγχρονισμό των κόμβων και δε συνάδουν έτσι με τις περιορισμένες ικανότητες των κόμβων αισθητήρων. Για τους λόγους αυτούς, το ενδιαφέρον έχει στραφεί σε μια τρίτη κατηγορία τεχνικών οι οποίες χρησιμοποιούν μετρήσεις ισχύος (Received Signal Strength, RSS). Το πρόβλημα του εντοπισμού θέσης χρησιμοποιώντας μετρήσεις ισχύος είναι ένα πρόβλημα εκτίμησης, όπου οι μετρήσεις συνδέονται με τις προς εκτίμηση παραμέτρους με μη-γραμμικό τρόπο. Στα πλαίσια της Διδακτορικής Διατριβής ασχολούμαστε αρχικά με την περίπτωση όπου επιθυμούμε να εκτιμήσουμε τη θέση και την ισχύ μιας πηγής χρησιμοποιώντας μετρήσεις ισχύος οι οποίες φθίνουν με βάση το αντίστροφο του τετραγώνου της απόστασης ανάμεσα στην πηγή και το σημείο μέτρησης. Για το πρόβλημα αυτό, προτείνουμε έναν εκτιμητή ο οποίος δίνει τις παραμέτρους της πηγής ως λύση ενός γραμμικού προβλήματος ελαχίστων τετραγώνων. Στη συνέχεια, υπολογίζουμε κατάλληλα βάρη και προτείνουμε έναν εκτιμητή ο οποίος δίνει τις παραμέτρους της πηγής ως λύση ενός προβλήματος ελαχίστων τετραγώνων με βάρη. Ακόμα, τροποποιούμε κατάλληλα τον τελευταίο εκτιμητή έτσι ώστε να είναι δυνατή η κατανεμημένη υλοποίησή του μέσω των προσαρμοστικών αλγορίθμων Least Mean Square (LMS) και Recursive Least Squares (RLS). Στη συνέχεια, εξετάζουμε την περίπτωση όπου ενδιαφερόμαστε να εκτιμήσουμε τη θέση μιας πηγής αλλά δεν έχουμε καμιά πληροφορία σχετικά με το μοντέλο εξασθένισης της ισχύος. Έτσι, υποθέτουμε πως αυτό περιγράφεται από μια άγνωστη γνησίως φθίνουσα συνάρτηση της απόστασης. Αρχικά, προσεγγίζουμε το πρόβλημα εκτίμησης κάνοντας την υπόθεση πως οι θέσεις των κόμβων αποτελούν τυχαία σημεία ομοιόμορφα κατανεμημένα στο επίπεδο. Χρησιμοποιώντας την υπόθεση αυτή, υπολογίζουμε εκτιμήσεις για τις αποστάσεις ανάμεσα στους κόμβους και την πηγή, και αναπτύσσουμε έναν αλγόριθμο εκτίμησης της θέσης της πηγής. Στη συνέχεια, προσεγγίζουμε το πρόβλημα εκτίμησης χωρίς την υπόθεση περί ομοιόμορφης κατανομής των θέσεων των κόμβων στο επίπεδο. Προτείνουμε μια κατάλληλη συνάρτηση κόστους για την περίπτωση αυτή, και δείχνουμε την ύπαρξη μιας συνθήκης υπό την οποία η βέλτιστη λύση μπορεί να υπολογιστεί. Η λύση αυτή είναι εσωτερικό σημείο ενός κυρτού πολυγώνου, το οποίο ονομάζουμε ταξινομημένο τάξης-K κελί Voronoi. Έτσι, δίνουμε αλγορίθμους υπολογισμού της λύσης αυτής, καθώς και κατανεμημένους αλγορίθμους οι οποίοι βασίζονται σε προβολές σε κυρτά σύνολα. Ακόμα, ασχολούμαστε με τις ιδιότητες των κελιών αυτών στην περίπτωση όπου οι θέσεις των κόμβων αισθητήρων είναι ομοιόμορφα κατανεμημένες στο επίπεδο και υπολογίζουμε κάποια φράγματα για το εμβαδόν τους. Τέλος, ασχολούμαστε με την περίπτωση όπου ενδιαφερόμαστε να εκτιμήσουμε τις θέσεις πολλαπλών πηγών με γνωστό μοντέλο εξασθένισης της ισχύος. Για το πρόβλημα αυτό, αρχικά προτείνουμε έναν αλγόριθμο διαδοχικής εκτίμησης και ακύρωσης της συνεισφοράς κάθε πηγής, προκειμένου να υπολογιστούν σταδιακά οι θέσεις όλων των πηγών. Ο αλγόριθμος αυτός, αποτελείται από τρία βήματα κατά τα οποία πρώτα υπολογίζεται μια προσεγγιστική θέση για την πηγή, στη συνέχεια εκτιμάται ένα σύνολο κόμβων το οποίο δέχεται μικρής έντασης παρεμβολή από τις υπόλοιπες πηγές, και τέλος επιχειρείται μια λεπτομερέστερη εκτίμηση της θέσης κάθε πηγής. Στη συνέχεια, επεκτείνοντας την τεχνική αυτή, προτείνουμε έναν επαναληπτικό αλγόριθμο εκτίμησης ο οποίος βασίζεται στον αλγόριθμο εναλλασσόμενων προβολών (Alternating Projections). Εξετάζουμε επίσης μεθόδους οι οποίες οδηγούν στη μείωση της υπολογιστικής πολυπλοκότητας του αλγορίθμου αυτού. / Technology advances in microelectronics and wireless communications have enabled the development of small-scale devices that integrate sensing, processing and short-range radio capabilities. The deployment of a large number of such devices, referred to as sensor nodes, over a territory of interest, defines the so-called wireless sensor network. Wireless sensor networks have attracted considerable attention in recent years and have motivated many new challenges, most of which require the synergy of many disciplines, including signal processing, networking and distributed algorithms. Among many other applications, source localization and tracking has been widely viewed as a canonical problem of wireless sensor networks. Furthermore, it constitutes an easily perceived problem that can be used as a vehicle to study more involved information processing and organization problems. Most of the source localization methods that have appeared in the literature can be classified into two broad categories, according to the physical variable they utilize. The algorithms of the first category utilize “time delay of arrival”(TDOA) measurements, and the algorithms of the second category use “direction of arrival” (DOA) measurements. DOA estimates are particularly useful for locating sources emitting narrowband signals, while TDOA measurements offer the increased capability of localizing sources emitting broadband signals. However, the methods of both categories impose two major requirements that render them inappropriate to be used in wireless sensor networks: (a) the analog signals at the outputs of the spatially distributed sensors should be sampled in a synchronized fashion, and (b) the sampling rate used should be high enough so as to capture the features of interest. These requirements, in turn, imply that accurate distributed synchronization methods should be implemented so as to keep the remote sensor nodes synchronized and that high frequency electronics as well as increased bandwidth are needed to transmit the acquired measurements. Due to the aforementioned limitations, source localization methods that rely upon received signal strength (RSS) measurements - originally explored for locating electromagnetic sources - have recently received revived attention. In this Thesis, we begin our study by considering the localization of an isotropic acoustic source using energy measurements from distributed sensors, in the case where the energy decays according to an inverse square law with respect to the distance. While most acoustic source localization algorithms require that distance estimates between the sensors and the source of interest are available, we propose a linear least squares criterion that does not make such an assumption. The new criterion can yield the location of the source and its transmit power in closed form. A weighted least squares cost function is also considered, and distributed implementation of the proposed estimators is studied. Numerical results indicate significant performance improvement as compared to a linear least squares based approach that utilizes energy ratios, and comparable performance to other estimators of higher computational complexity. In the sequel, we turn our attention to the case where the energy decay model is not known. For solving the localization problem in this case, we first make the assumption that the locations of the nodes near the source can be well described by a uniform distribution. Using this assumption, we derive distance estimates that are independent of both the energy decay model and the transmit power of the source. Numerical results show that these estimates lead to improved localization accuracy as compared to other model-independent approaches. In the sequel, we consider the more general case where the assumption about the uniform deployment of the sensors is not required. For this case, an optimization problem that does not require knowledge of the underlying energy decay model is proposed, and a condition under which the optimal solution can be computed is given. This condition employs a new geometric construct, called the sorted order-K Voronoi diagram. We give centralized and distributed algorithms for source localization in this setting. Finally, analytical results and simulations are used to verify the performance of the developed algorithms. The next problem we consider is the estimation of the locations of multiple acoustic sources by a network of distributed energy measuring sensors. The maximum likelihood (ML) solution to this problem is related to the optimization of a non-convex function of, usually, many variables. Thus, search-based methods of high complexity are required in order to yield an accurate solution. In order to reduce the computational complexity of the multiple source localization problem, we propose two methods. The first method proposes a sequential estimation algorithm, in which each source is localized, its contribution is cancelled, and the next source is considered. The second method makes use of an alternating projection (AP) algorithm that decomposes the original problem into a number of simpler, yet also non-convex, optimization steps. The particular form of the derived cost functions of each such optimization step indicates that, in some cases, an approximate form of these cost functions can be used. These approximate cost functions can be evaluated using considerably lower computational complexity. Thus, a low-complexity version of the AP algorithm is proposed. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm offers a performance close to that of the exact AP implementation, and in some cases, similar performance to that of the ML estimator.
47

Konverze rodinné farmy v CHKO Blanský les na ekologický způsob hospodaření / Transformation of a family-operated agricultural company located in the Protected Area of Blansky les onto an eco-friendly method of farming.

BÁRTLOVÁ, Kateřina January 2013 (has links)
This diploma work focuses on the analysis of the current situation of an agricultural company and the subsequent evaluation of its suitability to be transformed onto an eco-friendly method of production taking into consideration the local conditions, its business structure, its current specialization, the human factor and the economic aspects.
48

Phénomènes interfaciaux dans la manipulation des gouttes et des bulles / Interfacial phenomena involved in the manipulation of drops and bubbles

Jiang, Xiaofeng 14 November 2017 (has links)
Les phénomènes interfaciaux impliqués dans les écoulements polyphasiques existent dans de nombreux procédés industriels. Des gouttes et des bulles sont des éléments typiques pour comprendre les phénomènes interfaciaux. Ainsi, cette thèse étudie les gouttes (bulles) impliquées dans la manipulation d’une interface, y compris la rupture de l'interface, le mouvement d’une goutte sur une surface superhydrophobe et le contact sur un support solide à l’aide d’un système d'acquisition pour des signaux électriques. Dans la première partie, une caméra rapide est utilisée pour étudier la dynamique de pincement des fluides homogènes et des ferrrofluides hétérogènes à travers des systèmes confinés et non-confinés liquide-liquide ou liquide-gaz. L'effet de compétition entre les différentes forces telles que la poussée d’Archimède, la force magnétique, la gravité et la tension interfaciale sur la rupture finale d’un fluide interne dans un environnement fluide externe est démontré et quantifié. La deuxième partie est consacrée à la manipulation d’une goutte aqueuse à l’aide d’une interface superhydrophobe sous deux angles distincts : saut d’obstacle de la goutte sur une surface solide revêtue d’une couche superhydrophobe ; déshabillement d’une goutte enveloppée de particules superhydrophobes dite "marbre liquide" sur un film huileux. Le comportement dynamique du saut d’obstacle et du déshabillement des gouttes est quantifié et comparé dans des conditions opératoires très différentes telles que la viscosité, la tension interfaciale, la géométrie d’obstacle, etc. La troisième partie est dévolue au contact d’une goutte sur un support solide: contact initial, étalement, et pincement final des fluides tant newtoniens que non newtoniens, grâce à une méthodologie combinant la caméra rapide et un système d'acquisition ultra-rapide d’un signal électrique / The interfacial phenomena in multiphase flows widely exist in numerous industrial processes. Drops and bubbles are typical models to investigate these interfacial phenomena. Thus this thesis investigates the drop (bubble) involved interface manipulation, including the breakup of interface, drop’s motion on superhydrophobic surface and Dripping-on-Substrate with an acquisition system of electric signals. In the first part, the pinch-off dynamics of homogenous fluids and heterogeneous ferrrofluids, unconfined liquid-liquid (liquid-gas) or confined liquid-liquid systems was investigated by a high-speed camera. The effect of buoyancy, magnetic force, gravity and interface tension between internal and external fluids on the final pinch-off was demonstrated and quantified. The second part focuses on the drop manipulation on superhydrophobic interface through two distinct approaches: superhydrophobic coating on a substrate and superhydrophobic particles enveloping a liquid drop to form “liquid marble”. The hurdling behavior of liquid drops on superhydrophobic obstacles and undressing dynamics of liquid marbles on oil films were discussed and the slope motion of liquid drops and liquid marbles were then compared. The third part concentrates on the Dripping-on- Substrate behavior: initial contact and spreading on a solid surface, final pinch-off of Newtonian fluids and filament thinning of non-Newtonian fluids, through a methodology combining the high-speed camera and ultra-high-speed acquisition device of an electric signal
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Uma abordagem híbrida baseada em Projeções sobre Conjuntos Convexos para Super-Resolução espacial e espectral / A hybrid approach based on projections onto convex sets for spatial and spectral super-resolution

Cunha, Bruno Aguilar 10 November 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Milena Rubi ( ri.bso@ufscar.br) on 2017-10-17T16:07:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CUNHA_Bruno_2017.pdf: 1281922 bytes, checksum: 605ecd45f46a3b67332ed6bd13043af5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Rubi ( ri.bso@ufscar.br) on 2017-10-17T16:07:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CUNHA_Bruno_2017.pdf: 1281922 bytes, checksum: 605ecd45f46a3b67332ed6bd13043af5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Rubi ( ri.bso@ufscar.br) on 2017-10-17T16:07:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CUNHA_Bruno_2017.pdf: 1281922 bytes, checksum: 605ecd45f46a3b67332ed6bd13043af5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-17T16:08:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CUNHA_Bruno_2017.pdf: 1281922 bytes, checksum: 605ecd45f46a3b67332ed6bd13043af5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / This work proposes both a study and a development of an algorithm for super-resolution of digital images using projections onto convex sets. The method is based on a classic algorithm for spatial super-resolution which considering the subpixel information present in a set of lower resolution images, generate an image of higher resolution and better visual quality. We propose the incorporation of a new restriction based on the Richardson-Lucy algorithm in order to restore and recover part of the spatial frequencies lost during the degradation and decimation process of the high resolution images. In this way the algorithm provides a hybrid approach based on projections onto convex sets which is capable of promoting both the spatial and spectral image super-resolution. The proposed approach was compared with the original algorithm from Sezan and Tekalp and later with a method based on a robust framework that is considered nowadays one of the most effective methods for super-resolution. The results, considering both the visual and the mean square error analysis, demonstrate that the proposed method has great potential promoting increased visual quality over the images studied. / Este trabalho visa o estudo e o desenvolvimento de um algoritmo para super-resolução de imagens digitais baseado na teoria de projeções sobre conjuntos convexos. O método é baseado em um algoritmo clássico de projeções sobre restrições convexas para super- resolução espacial onde se busca, considerando as informações subpixel presentes em um conjunto de imagens de menor resolução, gerar uma imagem de maior resolução e com melhor qualidade visual. Propomos a incorporação de uma nova restrição baseada no algoritmo de Richardson-Lucy para restaurar e recuperar parte das frequências espaciais perdidas durante o processo de degradação e decimação das imagens de alta resolução. Nesse sentido o algoritmo provê uma abordagem híbrida baseada em projeções sobre conjuntos convexos que é capaz de promover simultaneamente a super-resolução espacial e a espectral. A abordagem proposta foi comparada com o algoritmo original de Sezan e Tekalp e posteriormente com um método baseado em um framework de super-resolução robusta, considerado um dos métodos mais eficazes na atualidade. Os resultados obtidos, considerando as análises visuais e também através do erro médio quadrático, demonstram que o método proposto possui grande potencialidade promovendo o aumento da qualidade visual das imagens estudadas.
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Towards designing composite membranes for CO2 separation : the inclusion of hybrid TiO2-PEG structures and study of their interfaces / Vers la conception de membranes composites pour la séparation du CO2 : Inclusion de structures hybrides TiO2-PEG et études de leurs interfaces

Cao, Edgar 26 October 2015 (has links)
Ce travail de thèse vise à concevoir de nouvelles membranes performantes pour la séparation de gaz (CO2) dans le procédé de post-combustion. La stratégie proposée repose sur la préparation de membranes hybrides organiques/inorganiques, combinant des supports poreux de dioxyde de titane (TiO2) intégrés dans une couche dense de polymère à base de poly-oxyde d'éthylène. L'un des points important de cette étude est l'ancrage de la phase organique sur le support inorganique. Deux agents de couplage : le propyl phosphonique acide 2-bromo-2-méthyl propanoate et le 3--propylamino triéthoxy silan ont été sélectionnés et greffés sur trois surface de TiO2 différentes : des nanoparticules, des surfaces denses et des surfaces poreuses. Pour chacune des deux molécules d'ancrage les meilleurs résultats ont été obtenus avec les nanoparticules. Les nanoparticules de TiO2 ainsi fonctionnalisées, ont dans une seconde étape, servi de semences pour l'élaboration de particules coeur-écorce. Deux voies de polymérisation ont été explorées avec succès : la si-ATRP et la si-ROMP. Dans le premier cas des greffons de poly-poly-éthylène glycol méthyl éther méthacrylate ont été introduits sur les nanoparticules de TiO2. Pour la si-ROMP les greffons incorporés sont à base de polynorbonène. Les résultats obtenus sur les nanoparticules de TiO2 ont été exploités afin de créer des couches polymères sur des supports poreux céramiques tubulaires commerciaux. Deux modes de conception ont été développés : la voie dite "coating onto" et celle dite "Grafting from". Les membranes composites obtenues par ces deux voies ont été testées en perméabilité des gaz afin de déterminer la qualité des couches polymères. Des essais préliminaires de séparation des gaz ont été également effectués. / This thesis work aims towards designing hybrid membranes for CO2 separation in the post-combustion process. The different methods of existing technologies are compared ans assessed for their merit, and the decision of using inorganic titanium dioxide supports integrated with a grown polymeric/PEG layer is made. First, the structure of the interfacing group is determined and narrowed down to phosphonic-based anchoring groups. The modification of various titanium oxide surfaces (i.e. particle, flat and porous) is performed with each group, and particles were found to yield the highest surface modification. Secondly, the functionalized particles of titania were then studied for their potential with si-ATRP and si-ROMP. in the case of phosphonic acid functionalized titania, the particles yielded a bromine terminus that could be used for si-ATPR. In the case of the silane grafted titania particles, further fonctionalization was required to ultimately yield a norbornenyl group that can be used for Si-ROMP. Both teechniques were shown to work, and were thus applied to longer ceramic tubes. Finally the development of two pathways ("Coating onto" and "Grafting from") were assessed for their ability to modify the tubular ceramic support and preliminary gas separation tests were performed.

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