Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2009. / Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-83). Issued in print and online. Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations.

Thesis (M.Ed. )--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 2006. / Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2704. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as 1 leaf (iii). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 42-46).

A significativa importância do processo de ensino aprendizagem acontece quando o professor como mediador procura reconstruir o conhecimento anterior através das reflexões dos seus alunos. O ensino tradicional resume-se na transmissão de conhecimentos já prontos e, ao aluno, é atribuído um papel passivo de receptor da informação. O presente estudo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada com uma turma de alunos do Ensino Médio e teve como objetivo identificar as concepções prévias sobre o sistema respiratório e o tabagismo. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que as concepções dos alunos são superficiais, escassas e muito distantes de uma alfabetização científica. Essas inferências demonstraram que, possivelmente, os organizadores prévios não ancoraram o novo conhecimento e, portanto, faz-se necessário desenvolver atividades diferenciadas no ensino de biologia, tornando o aprendizado mais significativo. Diante desses resultados, desenvolveu-se uma ferramenta pedagógica “estilo mangá” baseada nas vivências dos alunos. / The relevant importance of the teaching and learning process happens when teacher as a mediator intends to reconstruct the previous knowledge through the students' reflexions. The traditional teaching has focused on transmission of ready knowledge in which the student has had only a passive role as an information receptor. This study presents results from a research with a group of Brazilian students from High-School level. The aim was to identify the previous conceptions about respiratory system and smoking habits. The results demonstrate that the students' conceptions are superficial, rare and far from scientific literacy. The inferences of this study show that possibly the advanced organizers do not link to the new knowledge and because of this it becomes necessary to develop different activities for biology teaching in order to turn the learning of this subject more meaningful. Based on these results, it was developed the pedagogical tool “manga style” from the students livings.

Este trabalho teve por objeto principal os serviços ofertados pelos Convention & Visitors Bureaux (CVBx), avaliados pelo seu grau de importância tanto pela ótica dos seus gestores como por organizadores profissionais de congressos (OPCs). Na qualidade de promotores do destino que representam, e pretendendo o aumento do fluxo de turistas, os CVBx utilizam-se de estratégias que incluem a atração de eventos profissionais. Por esse motivo, essas organizações direcionam seus esforços para a divulgação das potencialidades turísticas da localidade, visando com isso o convencimento dos planejadores desses acontecimentos e de seus intermediários - grupo no qual os organizadores de congressos ocupam lugar de destaque. Para o alcance de uma maior eficácia, entende-se que seja relevante um bom alinhamento entre os desejos e as necessidades dos compradores com a oferta proposta pelos CVBx. Tendo esse pressuposto como diretriz principal, decidiu-se investigar a valoração atribuída aos serviços ofertados, tanto pelos OPCs como pelos próprios CVBx. Teve-se por objetivo principal, gerar uma matriz dos serviços considerados mais importantes por esses intermediários dos compradores de destinos turísticos, ordenada do maior para o menor valor obtido. Pretendeu-se ainda comparar as percepções dos dois grupos, buscando-se evidenciar convergências e divergências na valoração dos serviços. Optou-se pela utilização de uma metodologia de pesquisa exploratório-descritiva, com processo de coleta de informações por meio de formulários estruturados, que incluíam questões de medida de opinião por meio de escalas de intensidade. A aplicação da pesquisa foi realizada junto aos representantes tanto de organizadores, como de CVBx. Definiu-se uma amostragem delimitada por área geográfica (região sul do Brasil) - que representava mais de 20% do universo dos CVBx brasileiros - e OPCs selecionados intencionalmente. A análise dos dados foi quantitativa e utilizou-se de métodos estatísticos. Os resultados encontrados permitem que se perceba um bom alinhamento na atribuição de valor entre os dois grupos, muito embora, tenha sido evidenciado um relacionamento precário e algumas lacunas na disponibilização efetiva desses serviços, com o registro de atividades com alta valoração atribuída e rara oferta / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-29T14:04:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Vaniza de Lima Schuler.pdf: 1787306 bytes, checksum: efc4644d3c4b2936a322e7bf24e637d8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-29T14:04:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Vaniza de Lima Schuler.pdf: 1787306 bytes, checksum: efc4644d3c4b2936a322e7bf24e637d8 (MD5) / This work has as its principal object the services offered by the Convention & Visitors Bureaus (CVBs), evaluated both from the perspective of its administrators and from professional congress organizers (PCOs). As promoters of the destination, and intending to increase the flow of tourists, CVBs make use of strategies that include the attraction of professional events. For this reason, these organizations direct their efforts to publicize the tourist potential of the region, aiming thereby convincing the planners of these events and their intermediaries - group in which the congress organizers have a prominent place. To achieve greater efficiency, it is understood that is relevant good alignment between the desires and needs of buyers with the offer proposed by CVBs. Taking this assumption as a guiding principle, it was decided to investigate the value attributed to the services offered, by both OPCs as by the CVBs. The primary of this research it was generating an array of services considered most important by these middlemen buyers of tourist destinations, ordered from highest to lowest value obtained. Second aim was to compare the perceptions of the two groups , seeking to highlight similarities and differences in valuation services. It was opted for the use of a descriptive research methodology, with the process of gathering information through structured forms that included questions measuring opinion by means of intensity scales. The application of the research was carried out with representatives of both organizers, as CVBs. It was set up a sampling delimited geographical area (southern Brazil) - which represented more than 20 % of the universe of Brazilian CVBs - and intentionally selected OPCs. Data analysis was quantitative and it was used statistical methods. The results allow us to realize a good alignment on the allocation of value between the two groups, though, have been shown a poor relationship and some gaps in the effective provision of these services, in which there have been activities with high value attributed and rare offer.

A significativa importância do processo de ensino aprendizagem acontece quando o professor como mediador procura reconstruir o conhecimento anterior através das reflexões dos seus alunos. O ensino tradicional resume-se na transmissão de conhecimentos já prontos e, ao aluno, é atribuído um papel passivo de receptor da informação. O presente estudo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada com uma turma de alunos do Ensino Médio e teve como objetivo identificar as concepções prévias sobre o sistema respiratório e o tabagismo. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que as concepções dos alunos são superficiais, escassas e muito distantes de uma alfabetização científica. Essas inferências demonstraram que, possivelmente, os organizadores prévios não ancoraram o novo conhecimento e, portanto, faz-se necessário desenvolver atividades diferenciadas no ensino de biologia, tornando o aprendizado mais significativo. Diante desses resultados, desenvolveu-se uma ferramenta pedagógica “estilo mangá” baseada nas vivências dos alunos. / The relevant importance of the teaching and learning process happens when teacher as a mediator intends to reconstruct the previous knowledge through the students' reflexions. The traditional teaching has focused on transmission of ready knowledge in which the student has had only a passive role as an information receptor. This study presents results from a research with a group of Brazilian students from High-School level. The aim was to identify the previous conceptions about respiratory system and smoking habits. The results demonstrate that the students' conceptions are superficial, rare and far from scientific literacy. The inferences of this study show that possibly the advanced organizers do not link to the new knowledge and because of this it becomes necessary to develop different activities for biology teaching in order to turn the learning of this subject more meaningful. Based on these results, it was developed the pedagogical tool “manga style” from the students livings.

Este trabalho teve por objeto principal os serviços ofertados pelos Convention & Visitors Bureaux (CVBx), avaliados pelo seu grau de importância tanto pela ótica dos seus gestores como por organizadores profissionais de congressos (OPCs). Na qualidade de promotores do destino que representam, e pretendendo o aumento do fluxo de turistas, os CVBx utilizam-se de estratégias que incluem a atração de eventos profissionais. Por esse motivo, essas organizações direcionam seus esforços para a divulgação das potencialidades turísticas da localidade, visando com isso o convencimento dos planejadores desses acontecimentos e de seus intermediários - grupo no qual os organizadores de congressos ocupam lugar de destaque. Para o alcance de uma maior eficácia, entende-se que seja relevante um bom alinhamento entre os desejos e as necessidades dos compradores com a oferta proposta pelos CVBx. Tendo esse pressuposto como diretriz principal, decidiu-se investigar a valoração atribuída aos serviços ofertados, tanto pelos OPCs como pelos próprios CVBx. Teve-se por objetivo principal, gerar uma matriz dos serviços considerados mais importantes por esses intermediários dos compradores de destinos turísticos, ordenada do maior para o menor valor obtido. Pretendeu-se ainda comparar as percepções dos dois grupos, buscando-se evidenciar convergências e divergências na valoração dos serviços. Optou-se pela utilização de uma metodologia de pesquisa exploratório-descritiva, com processo de coleta de informações por meio de formulários estruturados, que incluíam questões de medida de opinião por meio de escalas de intensidade. A aplicação da pesquisa foi realizada junto aos representantes tanto de organizadores, como de CVBx. Definiu-se uma amostragem delimitada por área geográfica (região sul do Brasil) - que representava mais de 20% do universo dos CVBx brasileiros - e OPCs selecionados intencionalmente. A análise dos dados foi quantitativa e utilizou-se de métodos estatísticos. Os resultados encontrados permitem que se perceba um bom alinhamento na atribuição de valor entre os dois grupos, muito embora, tenha sido evidenciado um relacionamento precário e algumas lacunas na disponibilização efetiva desses serviços, com o registro de atividades com alta valoração atribuída e rara oferta / This work has as its principal object the services offered by the Convention & Visitors Bureaus (CVBs), evaluated both from the perspective of its administrators and from professional congress organizers (PCOs). As promoters of the destination, and intending to increase the flow of tourists, CVBs make use of strategies that include the attraction of professional events. For this reason, these organizations direct their efforts to publicize the tourist potential of the region, aiming thereby convincing the planners of these events and their intermediaries - group in which the congress organizers have a prominent place. To achieve greater efficiency, it is understood that is relevant good alignment between the desires and needs of buyers with the offer proposed by CVBs. Taking this assumption as a guiding principle, it was decided to investigate the value attributed to the services offered, by both OPCs as by the CVBs. The primary of this research it was generating an array of services considered most important by these middlemen buyers of tourist destinations, ordered from highest to lowest value obtained. Second aim was to compare the perceptions of the two groups , seeking to highlight similarities and differences in valuation services. It was opted for the use of a descriptive research methodology, with the process of gathering information through structured forms that included questions measuring opinion by means of intensity scales. The application of the research was carried out with representatives of both organizers, as CVBs. It was set up a sampling delimited geographical area (southern Brazil) - which represented more than 20 % of the universe of Brazilian CVBs - and intentionally selected OPCs. Data analysis was quantitative and it was used statistical methods. The results allow us to realize a good alignment on the allocation of value between the two groups, though, have been shown a poor relationship and some gaps in the effective provision of these services, in which there have been activities with high value attributed and rare offer.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間･環境学) / 甲第20722号 / 人博第831号 / 新制||人||199(附属図書館) / 29||人博||831(吉田南総合図書館) / 京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科共生人間学専攻 / (主査)教授 田地野 彰, 教授 桂山 康司, 准教授 金丸 敏幸, 教授 植松 茂男 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human and Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DGAM

ABSTRACT We know that many students with learning disabilities struggle throughout their school years with the writing process. High school is no exception. Writing is a life skill that can directly impact the quality of life for older students preparing to graduate and progress to college, a career, or simply the world of work. A need in society exists to improve the writing of all students including those who are on the threshold of high school graduation. Students with learning disabilities enter their ninth year of school with a performance gap of 4 to 5 years placing their equivalent learning in the late elementary years. Few studies however have investigated the impact of explicit written expression strategy instruction for students with mild disabilities in high school. Thus, expanding the knowledge base for this group of students becomes especially critical. The present study examines the effects of explicitly teaching a writing strategy to high school students with learning disabilities. A multiple baseline design across subjects was used to observe changes in student writing. A total of 11 students in three subject groups participated in the study. Eleventh grade students in three learning strategies classes were pretested to determine the level of their organizational skills for written products. Scoring criteria were described to students using a written expression rubric to provide them with the specific expectations for their daily writing. Mind-mapping, an organizational strategy for writing, was explicitly taught to each of three classes during their daily learning strategy period. Data were collected relative to the students' rubric scores and visually inspected for changes in writing performance before, during, and following the strategy instruction. Pre- and post-tests were administered to the student groups. Following data collection and the post-test, interviews were conducted with the teacher and each of the participants. Findings indicate that the mind-mapping intervention had limited success in improving students' written products when measured by the multiple baseline across subjects design. Pre- and post-test data, however, show that writing quality certainly did improve. The participants' teacher specifically noted during her interview that, in her perception, improvements in student writing as a result of using the mind-mapping strategy did occur. The teacher also felt strongly enough about the efficacy of the mind-mapping intervention that she plans to teach the strategy to her future students. Most of the students reported during their interviews that they felt that learning mind-mapping helped them to become better writers. The vast majority of students also stated that they planned to use the strategy for tests and writing assignments.

An Interactive Course Organizer (ICO) is an artifact that contains text and visual representation of a traditional course syllabus, it integrates visual elements, such as timelines, drawings, charts, graphs, maps, or pictures to show the sequencing and organization of major course topics while offering the user an actively controlled progression of the amount of course information covered. The goal of this research was to develop a theoretically- and empirically- grounded guidelines to design and develop of ICOs. It is anticipated that these guidelines can assist course developers and instructional designers in designing ICOs. This study employed a design and developmental research methodology with four phases: analysis, design, development and validation. Findings from literature review investigations in course syllabi, instructional message design, visual literacy, and interactivity theories and research as well as expert review informed the building of the guidelines. / Doctor of Philosophy / Interactive Course Organizer (ICO) is a tool that acts as a course syllabus. It combines both text and visual representation of a traditional course syllabus, and integrates visual elements, such as timelines, drawings, charts, graphs, maps, or pictures to help learners visually see the interrelationships between different parts of the course and how they all fit together. Its purpose is to provide visuals to assist learners in seeing the course and how it is organized "big picture". And by adding the interactivity feature, learners will navigate, access, and view the course content. It is a course framework to help students understand what it is they will be learning in the course. This research aimed to develop a theoretically- and empirically- grounded guidelines to design and develop of ICOs. It is anticipated that these guidelines can assist course developers and instructional designers in designing ICOs. This study employed a design and developmental research methodology with four phases: analysis, design, development and validation. Findings from literature review investigations in course syllabi, instructional message design, visual literacy, and interactivity theories and research as well as expert review informed the building of the guidelines.

This study seeks to identify correlation in the use of graphic organizers in reading comprehension of twelfth grade English language arts students. Specifically, this study seeks to determine if the use of graphic organizers in the teaching of reading has impacts on the reading comprehension of 12th grade English language arts students. The study intends to contribute to closing an information gap surrounding the effects of using instructional strategies such as graphic organizers in reading comprehension in a twelfth-grade English class. The research questions helped to guide this study in identifying descriptive statistics within PSAT reading comprehension scores during the 2021-2022 school year using Prentice Hall workbooks and SAT reading comprehension scores during the 2022-2023 school year using Study Sync workbooks. Descriptive statistics between ESOL PSAT reading comprehension scores during the 2021-2022 using Prentice Hall workbooks and ESOL SAT reading comprehension scores during the 2022-2023 school year using Study Sync workbooks were analyzed. The study followed a quantitative method to study the correlation of graphic organizers on reading comprehension of students in the twelfth grade. A Pearson correlation was used to measure and interpret scores between 2021-2022 PSAT and 2022-2023 SAT was applied to identify correlation significance of using graphic organizers on reading comprehension of students in the twelfth grade. A G-power analysis was calculated to identify the sample size for a Pearson's r correlation for post hoc data. Findings may assist high school teachers and educational leaders to consider implementing graphic organizers as an instructional strategy in reading comprehension to increase student reading achievement.