The Apartheid Philosophy resulted in creating a heterogenous society in South Africa, with each group having its own distinctive culture and value-orientation. Organizational values, influenced by personal value-orientation employed by White managers, could be challenged by appointing members of this heterogenous society into positions previously held by White managers, thereby emphasizing the need for congruence between organizational and personal value-orientation. The literature study revealed not only the existence of both Individualism and Collectivism, but the co-existence thereof in individual value-orientation and the existence of Ubuntuism as another form of collectivism - the latter being analogous to humanism. Through this empirical study the value-orientations of managers from either Black or White cultural backgrounds, were assessed, using a value-orientation questionnaire. The findings of the present study, although inconclusive, demonstrated that Black and White managers do not differ significantly in terms of their value-orientation at work. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M.A. (Industrial Psychology)

O modo de vida consumista, presente na sociedade moderna, está diretamente relacionado ao problema dos resíduos gerados pela atividade do setor econômico, tanto na produção quanto no pós-consumo desses bens. Neste contexto, é possível considerar o setor alimentício como responsável por grande produção de resíduos poliméricos (plásticos), bastantes utilizados na produção de embalagens. A reciclagem destes polímeros constitui umas das principais soluções para o reaproveitamento desse material, porém, nem todo tipo de polímero possui reciclagem em grande escala no Brasil. Como o caso da película de polipropileno biorientado (BOPP), que apesar de muito empregado, é exemplo de material polimérico não priorizado pelas cooperativas de catadores e sucateiros por não ser de interesse da indústria de reciclagem nacional, dadas as características de sua composição. Uma possibilidade para o reaproveitamento do BOPP constitui a produção de painéis aglomerados de partículas de madeira em consórcio com tal material. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a potencialidade de painéis híbridos produzidos a partir de partículas de resíduos de madeiras e de BOPP e resina poliuretana à base de óleo de mamona para uso como piso em edificações, por intermédio de ensaios laboratoriais de desempenho físico e mecânico dos mesmos. Foram encontrados os resultados: 768 kg/m³ para densidade; 1,63% para inchamento em espessura 2h e 4,03% para 24h; 8,3% para absorção de água em 2h e 19,95% para 24h; porosidade de 41,01%; 0,48 MPa de resistência à tração perpendicular; 716,88 N de resistência ao arranchamento de parafuso para face e 950,81 N para topo; 2,96 μm de rugosidade superficial; 0,2145 mm em perda de espessura por abrasão; 0,28 mm de endentação por queda de esfera; 0,057 mm de endentação para cargas em pequenas áreas; 0,319 mm de endentação por carga rolante; coeficiente de atrito estático de 0,372 e dinâmico de 0,231. Os resultados alcançados para os ensaios realizados demonstram a alta potencialidade dos painéis de partículas híbridos de madeira e BOPP desenvolvidos neste trabalho. / Consumerist way of life, present in modern society, is directly related to residues problem generated by economic sector activity, both in production and in post-consumption of these goods. In this context, it is possible to consider food sector as responsible for large polymer waste (plastics) production, quite used in packaging production. These recycling polymers constitutes one of the main solutions for this material reutilization, however, not every polymer type has large-scale recycling in Brazil. As in the case of biaxially oriented polypropylene film (BOPP), which although very employed, is an example of polymeric material not prioritized by scavengers cooperatives and scrappers because it is not yet of interest to national recycling industry, given its composition characteristics. One possibility for BOPP reuse is agglomerated panels production of wood particles in consortium with such material. Thus, this work aims to evaluate the potentiality of hybrid panels produced from wood waste and BOPP particles and polyurethane resin based on castor oil for use as flooring in buildings, by means of laboratory tests of their physical and mechanical performance. Results found were: 768 kg/m³ for density; 1.63% for swelling in thickness (2h) and 4.03% (24h); 8.3% for water absorption (2h) and 19.95% (24h); porosity 41.01%; 0.48 MPa of internal bond; 716.88 N of resistance to screw pullout to face and 950.81 N of top; 2.96 μm of surface roughness; 0.2145 mm in thickness loss by abrasion; 0.28 mm in indentation by ball drop; 0.057 mm of indentations for loads in small areas; 0.319 mm of indentation by rolling load; coefficient of static friction 0.372 and dynamic 0.231. Results achieved for tests carried out demonstrate that hybrid wood and BOPP particle panels developed in this work high potentiality.

O modo de vida consumista, presente na sociedade moderna, está diretamente relacionado ao problema dos resíduos gerados pela atividade do setor econômico, tanto na produção quanto no pós-consumo desses bens. Neste contexto, é possível considerar o setor alimentício como responsável por grande produção de resíduos poliméricos (plásticos), bastantes utilizados na produção de embalagens. A reciclagem destes polímeros constitui umas das principais soluções para o reaproveitamento desse material, porém, nem todo tipo de polímero possui reciclagem em grande escala no Brasil. Como o caso da película de polipropileno biorientado (BOPP), que apesar de muito empregado, é exemplo de material polimérico não priorizado pelas cooperativas de catadores e sucateiros por não ser de interesse da indústria de reciclagem nacional, dadas as características de sua composição. Uma possibilidade para o reaproveitamento do BOPP constitui a produção de painéis aglomerados de partículas de madeira em consórcio com tal material. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a potencialidade de painéis híbridos produzidos a partir de partículas de resíduos de madeiras e de BOPP e resina poliuretana à base de óleo de mamona para uso como piso em edificações, por intermédio de ensaios laboratoriais de desempenho físico e mecânico dos mesmos. Foram encontrados os resultados: 768 kg/m³ para densidade; 1,63% para inchamento em espessura 2h e 4,03% para 24h; 8,3% para absorção de água em 2h e 19,95% para 24h; porosidade de 41,01%; 0,48 MPa de resistência à tração perpendicular; 716,88 N de resistência ao arranchamento de parafuso para face e 950,81 N para topo; 2,96 μm de rugosidade superficial; 0,2145 mm em perda de espessura por abrasão; 0,28 mm de endentação por queda de esfera; 0,057 mm de endentação para cargas em pequenas áreas; 0,319 mm de endentação por carga rolante; coeficiente de atrito estático de 0,372 e dinâmico de 0,231. Os resultados alcançados para os ensaios realizados demonstram a alta potencialidade dos painéis de partículas híbridos de madeira e BOPP desenvolvidos neste trabalho. / Consumerist way of life, present in modern society, is directly related to residues problem generated by economic sector activity, both in production and in post-consumption of these goods. In this context, it is possible to consider food sector as responsible for large polymer waste (plastics) production, quite used in packaging production. These recycling polymers constitutes one of the main solutions for this material reutilization, however, not every polymer type has large-scale recycling in Brazil. As in the case of biaxially oriented polypropylene film (BOPP), which although very employed, is an example of polymeric material not prioritized by scavengers cooperatives and scrappers because it is not yet of interest to national recycling industry, given its composition characteristics. One possibility for BOPP reuse is agglomerated panels production of wood particles in consortium with such material. Thus, this work aims to evaluate the potentiality of hybrid panels produced from wood waste and BOPP particles and polyurethane resin based on castor oil for use as flooring in buildings, by means of laboratory tests of their physical and mechanical performance. Results found were: 768 kg/m³ for density; 1.63% for swelling in thickness (2h) and 4.03% (24h); 8.3% for water absorption (2h) and 19.95% (24h); porosity 41.01%; 0.48 MPa of internal bond; 716.88 N of resistance to screw pullout to face and 950.81 N of top; 2.96 μm of surface roughness; 0.2145 mm in thickness loss by abrasion; 0.28 mm in indentation by ball drop; 0.057 mm of indentations for loads in small areas; 0.319 mm of indentation by rolling load; coefficient of static friction 0.372 and dynamic 0.231. Results achieved for tests carried out demonstrate that hybrid wood and BOPP particle panels developed in this work high potentiality.

Individuals engage in competitive and cooperative interactions with conspecifics. Furthermore, within any population of interacting individuals there are typically consistent differences among-individuals in behavioural traits. Understanding the importance of both these types of individual-specific behaviours allows us to understand why populations are structured as they are, why individuals show apparently limited behavioural flexibility, and how these elements link to population-level properties. I used extensive video camera monitoring of a population of wild field crickets (Gryllus campestris) to study the interactions and behaviours of uniquely identified individuals. I studied the shyness, activity and exploration of individuals of this population across contexts: from young to old and between captivity and the wild. This allowed me to confirm that individuals were relatively consistent across their adult lifetimes for all three traits, but only consistent between captivity and the wild for activity and exploration. I then found that high activity levels were positively related to high mating rates and short lifespans. Crucially, lifetime mating success was not related to activity level, indicating that the trade-off between lifespan and mating success was sufficient to allow variation in activity level to persist across generations. I also found that cricket social network structure is stable across generations despite the complete turnover of individuals every year. This social network structure influences sexual selection, with some male crickets heavily involved in networks of both pre- and post-copulatory competition, yet males are unable to use pre-copulatory competition to avoid post-copulatory competition. Additionally, positive assortment by mating rate between males and females may reduce the fitness of males with high mating rates, as they face stronger sperm competition. Finally, I used actor-based models to determine the factors predicting cricket social network structure and to test and reject the social-niche hypothesis for the maintenance of among-individual variation in behaviour. I also demonstrated that little else is needed in a stochastically changing network aside from positive assortment by mating rate to simulate a population with a similar skew in mating success to the one observed in the real cricket population. These results give insights into the importance of trade-offs and stochasticity in maintaining the extensive variation in the natural world.

Summaries in English and Afrikaans / Text in Afrikaans / Until 1988, hearsay-evidence in our legal system was governed by common law. During this period resistance developed regarding the practice that hearsay which complied with certain exceptions could indeed be allowed. Case law excluded further exceptions being added. Legislation was enacted in 1988 in which hearsay was defined, a total exclusionary rule retained, but the Courts given a wide discretion to allow hearsay. Via this legislation a more accommodating stance towards hearsay was introduced. This dissertation aimed at measuring whether the legislation achieved its objectives and consisted of analysing case law and interviewing Judges and Advocates. The conclusion arrived at is that the legislation has only marginally changed the usage of hearsay in our legal system. The major obstacle lies in the attitude of practitioners who continue to distrust hearsay and do not utilize the mechanism provided by statute. / Tot en met 1988, is hoorse-getuienis in ons regstelsel gemeenregtelik beheer. In die tydperk bet besware egter geleidelik ontwikkel veral oor die gekunstelde wyse waarop hoorsê as aan bepaalde uitsonderings voldoen is wel toegelaat is. Regspraak het voorts ook bepaal dat geen verdere uitsonderings toegevoeg kon word nie. In 1988 is wetgewing uitgevaardig waarin hoorsê-getuienis omskryf word, 'n algehele uitsluitingsreel behou word maar aan die howe 'n wye diskresie verleen word om na oorweging van voorgeskrewe faktore, hoorsê wei toe te laat. Die oogmerk van hierdie wetgewing was om 'n meganisme daar te stel om soos by die civil regstelsels en sekere ander Iande, 'n meer toeskietlike houding jeens hoorsê te bewerkstellig. Hierdie verhandeling se hoofdoel was om te bepaal of die wetgewing in die doel geslaag bet. Om tot 'n bevinding te kom is regspraak ontleed, en is onderhoude gevoer beide met Regters en die Advokatuur. Die slotsom bereik dui daarop dat die wetgewing maar weinig verander bet in die gebruikmaking van hoorse-getuienis in ons regstelsel. Wat die wetgewing self betref, hoewel daar sekere besware te make is oor sekere bepalings, verskaf dit tog 'n bruikbare instrument. Die grootste struikelblok is gelee in die instelling van die praktisyns wat bly vasklou aan 'n gevestigde vrees vir hoarse en nie gebruikmaak van die nuwe geleentheid nou deur die wetgewing daargestel nie. / Law / LL.M.

In the field of city planning, a growing need exists for the integration of spatial development with transportation planning instruments. This study identifies issues related to the definition, evaluation and implementation of the integration of sustainable development and sustainable transportation within three types of municipalities. Significant issues that are explored include the various definitions of integration; the range of issues considered under notions of integration; the diverse perspectives on, and criticism of development and transportation integration analysis, as well as approaches to evaluating integration and transportation impacts on development. Furthermore, the study reports on the goals of each municipality, specifically with reference to sustainable public transportation decision-making; approaches to sustainable transportation, automobile dependency; land use; and finally, on sustainable transportation and development integration solutions. Approaches to spatial development used to focus on the organisation of land use issues, but this field is increasingly defined more broadly to include economic and social welfare, quality of human health/life and environmental integrity. From a sustainability perspective, a narrow definition of sustainable transportation tends to favour individual technological solutions, while a broader definition tends to favour more integrated solutions, including improved travel choices, economic incentives, institutional reforms, land use changes as well as technological innovation. Integration focuses on the teamwork required between the relevant departments as well as between levels or spheres of government, and often entails the implementation of nodal-corridor approaches. Sustainability planning may require changing the way people think about solutions to transportation problems in the future. The literature survey (Chapter 2) addresses a number of salient concepts, namely transportation and spatial development integration, public transportation and its orientated development, nodal-corridor development, as well as environmental and development relationships. Furthermore, an investigation into the legislative frameworks and policies is presented with emphasis on spatial development, transportation plans and node-and-corridors development (Chapter 3). This is followed in Chapter 4 by a report on an investigation into, and interviews held with representatives from the three municipalities (Hermanus local municipality, Cape Town metropolitan municipality and Eden district municipality) with reference to the integrated transportation plans (ITP) and spatial development frameworks (SDF) of these municipalities. This section reflects the opinions of relevant role-players regarding the central aspects of this study. Chapter 5 presents a summary of the study as well as a number of conclusions. In this chapter, planning recommendations are provided with the aim of advising municipalities on possibilities for the integration of sustainable transportation plans and spatial planning / development instruments. / Thesis (M.Art. et Scien. (Urban and Regional planning))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

Teisės edukologijos magistro baigiamojo darbo tema yra aktuali, nes pakankamai mažai tyrinėta ir labai svarbi šiandienos Lietuvos vaikystės tyrimų plėtros strategijai. Teorinių pozicijų pagrindą sudaro vaikystės fenomeno pagrindimo konceptai, kurie leidžia apibrėžti vaikystės statuso kaitos galimybes švietimo politikoje. Siekiama konceptualiai pagrįsti vaikystės sampratų daugiareikšmiškumą, vertingą vaikystės tyrimų mokslui ir praktikai kurti. Į vaikystės politiką galima žvelgti kaip į specifinę platesnės valstybės švietimo politikos kryptį, kuri turi savitus tikslus, uždavinius ir savitus įgyvendinimo metodus. Todėl atsižvelgiant į temos aktualumą tyrimo objektu šiame darbe pasirinkta vaikystės sampratos raiška. Tyrimo tikslu buvo siekiama aptarti vaikystės sampratos kaitos bruožus besikeičiančios švietimo politikos kontekste. Siekiant minėto tikslo, užsibrėžti tokie uždaviniai: remiantis mokslinės literatūros analize, pagrįsti vaikystės sampratą; taikant socialinių mokslų teorines prieigas numatyti vaikystės politikos raidos perspektyvas; atlikti empirinį tyrimą ir nustatyti, kokios vaikystės prasmės aptinkamos švietimo dokumentuose. Iškeltam tikslui pasiekti pasirinktas kokybinio tyrimo metodas: dokumentų turinio (content) analizė. Susisteminus gautus tyrimo duomenis buvo padarytos išvados, jog dvidešimtas amžius visai aiškiai pasakė, kad vaikas nėra suaugėlio miniatiura, kad žmogaus amžius susiskaido į eilę skirtingų laikotarpių, kad vaikai turi atskirą savo pasaulį... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The theme of the present paper towards the Master‘s degree in law educology is quite topical as it has been scantily studied, however it is very important for development of childhood studies strategy in Lithuania of the present day. The base for the theoretical position is provided by the basic concepts of childhood phenomenon and they permit determination of the childhood status development possibilities in the education policy. It is attempted to provide the conceptual grounds for polysemy of childhood concepts being valuable for childhood research and development of practices. The childhood policy could be approached as a specific and wider direction of the state education policy, which has its specific goals, objectives and implementation methods. Taking into account the urgency of the topic the development of childhood concept has been elected to be object of the present paper. For the purpose of the study it was aimed to discuss the features of childhood concept changes in the context of education policy development. The goal led to setting the following objectives: to substantiate the childhood concept based on the analysis of scientific references; to previse the childhood policy development prospects through application of theoretical premises of social sciences; to conduct an empiric study and find out what meanings of childhood appear in the education related documents. The qualitative method of study, namely document content analysis, was selected for to... [to full text]

In the field of city planning, a growing need exists for the integration of spatial development with transportation planning instruments. This study identifies issues related to the definition, evaluation and implementation of the integration of sustainable development and sustainable transportation within three types of municipalities. Significant issues that are explored include the various definitions of integration; the range of issues considered under notions of integration; the diverse perspectives on, and criticism of development and transportation integration analysis, as well as approaches to evaluating integration and transportation impacts on development. Furthermore, the study reports on the goals of each municipality, specifically with reference to sustainable public transportation decision-making; approaches to sustainable transportation, automobile dependency; land use; and finally, on sustainable transportation and development integration solutions. Approaches to spatial development used to focus on the organisation of land use issues, but this field is increasingly defined more broadly to include economic and social welfare, quality of human health/life and environmental integrity. From a sustainability perspective, a narrow definition of sustainable transportation tends to favour individual technological solutions, while a broader definition tends to favour more integrated solutions, including improved travel choices, economic incentives, institutional reforms, land use changes as well as technological innovation. Integration focuses on the teamwork required between the relevant departments as well as between levels or spheres of government, and often entails the implementation of nodal-corridor approaches. Sustainability planning may require changing the way people think about solutions to transportation problems in the future. The literature survey (Chapter 2) addresses a number of salient concepts, namely transportation and spatial development integration, public transportation and its orientated development, nodal-corridor development, as well as environmental and development relationships. Furthermore, an investigation into the legislative frameworks and policies is presented with emphasis on spatial development, transportation plans and node-and-corridors development (Chapter 3). This is followed in Chapter 4 by a report on an investigation into, and interviews held with representatives from the three municipalities (Hermanus local municipality, Cape Town metropolitan municipality and Eden district municipality) with reference to the integrated transportation plans (ITP) and spatial development frameworks (SDF) of these municipalities. This section reflects the opinions of relevant role-players regarding the central aspects of this study. Chapter 5 presents a summary of the study as well as a number of conclusions. In this chapter, planning recommendations are provided with the aim of advising municipalities on possibilities for the integration of sustainable transportation plans and spatial planning / development instruments. / Thesis (M.Art. et Scien. (Urban and Regional planning))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

Summaries in English and Afrikaans / Text in Afrikaans / Until 1988, hearsay-evidence in our legal system was governed by common law. During this period resistance developed regarding the practice that hearsay which complied with certain exceptions could indeed be allowed. Case law excluded further exceptions being added. Legislation was enacted in 1988 in which hearsay was defined, a total exclusionary rule retained, but the Courts given a wide discretion to allow hearsay. Via this legislation a more accommodating stance towards hearsay was introduced. This dissertation aimed at measuring whether the legislation achieved its objectives and consisted of analysing case law and interviewing Judges and Advocates. The conclusion arrived at is that the legislation has only marginally changed the usage of hearsay in our legal system. The major obstacle lies in the attitude of practitioners who continue to distrust hearsay and do not utilize the mechanism provided by statute. / Tot en met 1988, is hoorse-getuienis in ons regstelsel gemeenregtelik beheer. In die tydperk bet besware egter geleidelik ontwikkel veral oor die gekunstelde wyse waarop hoorsê as aan bepaalde uitsonderings voldoen is wel toegelaat is. Regspraak het voorts ook bepaal dat geen verdere uitsonderings toegevoeg kon word nie. In 1988 is wetgewing uitgevaardig waarin hoorsê-getuienis omskryf word, 'n algehele uitsluitingsreel behou word maar aan die howe 'n wye diskresie verleen word om na oorweging van voorgeskrewe faktore, hoorsê wei toe te laat. Die oogmerk van hierdie wetgewing was om 'n meganisme daar te stel om soos by die civil regstelsels en sekere ander Iande, 'n meer toeskietlike houding jeens hoorsê te bewerkstellig. Hierdie verhandeling se hoofdoel was om te bepaal of die wetgewing in die doel geslaag bet. Om tot 'n bevinding te kom is regspraak ontleed, en is onderhoude gevoer beide met Regters en die Advokatuur. Die slotsom bereik dui daarop dat die wetgewing maar weinig verander bet in die gebruikmaking van hoorse-getuienis in ons regstelsel. Wat die wetgewing self betref, hoewel daar sekere besware te make is oor sekere bepalings, verskaf dit tog 'n bruikbare instrument. Die grootste struikelblok is gelee in die instelling van die praktisyns wat bly vasklou aan 'n gevestigde vrees vir hoarse en nie gebruikmaak van die nuwe geleentheid nou deur die wetgewing daargestel nie. / Law / LL.M.

Abstract The primary research target of this dissertation is to develop new strategy analysis frameworks, focusing on analysing changes in strategic position as a function of variations in life cycle s-curve/time/typology/market share/orientation. Research is constructive and qualitative by nature, with case study methodology being the adopted approach. The research work is carried out as a compilation dissertation containing four (4) journal articles. The theoretical framework of this dissertation is built from strategy analysis, as well as from strategy orientation and typology theories. Strategy analysis focuses to examining the strengths of business positioning; understanding the external and internal factors that influence a position or orientation. In strategy analysis, several frameworks or tools can be used. The SWOT, PEST, Five Forces, Four Corners, Value Chain, and Blue Ocean strategy profile analysis frameworks are introduced in this research. Strategy orientation or focus can be described as the underlying attributes of a company’s strategy, which directs decision making and orients the activities within a company towards a specific course. Using strategy orientation or focus as a means of innovating and guiding decision making fosters an environment conducive to strategizing, thereby facilitating the formulation of the actual strategies followed by the company. In this dissertation, the Miles and Snow (1978) strategy typology is introduced along with market orientation, product orientation, technology orientation, and customer orientation (focus). This research contributes to existing literature in that it provides a set of strategy analysis frameworks. Each of the frameworks answers a specific research question within the research target. The frameworks created are life cycle with a strategy typology framework, four-way strategy orientation framework, strategy orientation framework with market share analysis, and orientation with a typology framework. All these frameworks can be used individually. Together, they build an analysis toolbox that can generate valuable information from analysis. The developed strategy analysis frameworks are tested with two case companies’ strategy materials taken from publicly available annual reports. The case companies are Nokia and Amer. Empirical results show that the developed strategy analysis frameworks can generate new information regarding case businesses strategy, and detect changes in strategic positions. The theoretical implications of this dissertation contribute to research on strategy analysis, and are a result of combining the perspectives adopted in the strategy analysis frameworks with those of the strategy orientation domain, thereby creating new strategy orientation analysis frameworks. Areas for further research include the linkage of business success to orientations, transformation strategies, and consumer focus as elements of strategy formulation. / Tiivistelmä Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena on kehittää uusia strategian analyysikehikoita, joitten tavoitteena on tutkia muutoksia strategisessa asemassa. Muutosten lähteenä voivat olla vaihtelut elinkaaren/ajan/typologian/markkinaosuuden tai orientaation suhteen. Tutkimus on konstruktiivista ja laadullista, käyttäen case-tapaus menetelmää. Tutkimus on toteutettu julkaisuväitöskirjana, sisältäen neljä (4) tieteellistä julkaisua. Tämän tutkimuksen teoriaosuus on rakennettu strategia-analyysin, strategisen suuntautumisen ja typologian teorioista. Strategia-analyysissa tutkitaan yrityksen strategisen aseman vahvuutta, pyrkien ymmärtämään ulkoisten ja sisäisten tekijöiden vaikutuksen asemaan tai strategian suuntautumiseen. Strategia-analyysissa voidaan käyttää useita analyysikehikoita tai työkaluja. Tämän tutkimuksen teoriaosuudessa esitellään SWOT, PEST, Five Forces, Four Corners, arvoketju ja sinisen meren strategian analyysikehikot. Strategiseksi suuntaumiseksi tai keskittymiseksi voidaan luonnehtia niitä strategian piileviäkin ominaisuuksia, jotka tosiasiassa ohjaavat päätöksentekoa ja suuntavat yrityksen toimintoja kohti tiettyä päämäärää. Strateginen suuntautuminen tai keskittyminen ohjaa yrityksen todellisen strategisen suunnan määrittämistä. Tutkimuksen teoriaosuudessa esitellään Miles ja Snown (1978) strategiatypologia, kuten myös markkinasuuntautunut, tuotesuuntautunut, teknologiasuuntautunut ja asiakaskeskeisen strategian tunnuspiirteet. Tämän tutkimuksen tuloksena on syntynyt kokoelma strategian analyysikehikoita. Jokainen rakennettu analyysikehikko vastaa erilliseen tutkimuskysymykseen tutkimustavoitteen sisällä. Rakennetut kehikot ovat elinkaarimallin ja strategia typologia -analyysikehikko, neljän-suunnan strategisen suuntautumisen analyysikehikko, strategisen suuntaumisen ja markkinaosuuden analyysikehikko sekä strategisen suuntautumisen ja typologian analyysikehikko. Kaikkia näitä kehikoita voidaan käyttää erikseen strategian analysointiin. Yhdessä nämä kehikot muodostavat arvokkaan analyysityökalupakin. Kehitettyjä strategian analyysikehikkoja on testattu kahden case yrityksen strategia-aineistolla, jotka ovat olleet saatavilla julkisista vuosikertomuslähteistä. Case yrityksinä ovat Nokia ja Amer. Tutkimustulokset osoittavat, että kehitetyt analyysikehikot pystyvät tuottamaan uutta tietoa case yritysten strategiasta ja havainnoimaan muutoksia strategisessa asemassa. Tämän tutkimuksen tulokset luovat uutta tietoa strategisesta analyysista. Tutkimus yhdistää strategia-analyysin ja strategisen orientaation tutkimusta, ja luo uusia strategisen suuntautumisen analyysikehikoita. Jatkotutkimuskohteina voivat olla niin yrityksen liiketaloudellisen menestyksen suhde strategiseen orientaatioon, muutosstrategiat sekä asiakaskeskeisyys osana strategian muodostamista.