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Influência da síndrome da dor patelofemoral nos movimentos e coordenação do joelho, tornozelo e pé no descer escada e efeitos imediatos de uma intervenção / Influence of patellofemoral pain syndrome on lower extremity motion, coordination and imediate effects of an interventionSandra Aliberti 30 July 2015 (has links)
A síndrome da dor patelofemoral é uma disfunção do joelho comum entre mulheres jovens fisicamente ativas que causa limitações na atividade física e atividades de vida diária, podendo evoluir para a artrite patelofemoral. Este estudo verificou a influência da síndrome da dor patelofemoral nos movimentos e coordenação dos membros inferiores e avaliou os efeitos agudos de uma intervenção cinesioterapêutica em indivíduos com síndrome da dor patelofemoral no descer escada. O Estudo 1 comparou a intensidade da dor, os movimentos, os padrões de coordenação e a variabilidade de coordenação dos membros inferiores de indivíduos com e sem a síndrome da dor patelofemoral durante o descer escada. A cinemática 3D do joelho, tornozelo e multisegmentar do pé foi comparada entre 30 mulheres adultas jovens, 16 com síndrome da dor patelofemoral e 14 controles. Os padrões e a variabilidade da coordenação foram comparados entre os grupos utilizando uma análise do vetor codificado. A escala visual analógica de dor (EVA) foi utilizada para analisar a intensidade da dor. O Estudo 2 verificou os efeitos imediatos de uma intervenção cinesioterapêutica na intensidade da dor e nos movimentos dos membros inferiores de indivíduos com síndrome da dor patelofemoral no descer escada. O grupo com síndrome da dor patelofemoral foi dividido em grupo intervenção cinesioterapêutica (n=8) e grupo controle (n=8). A cinemática 3D e a intensidade da dor (EVA) durante o descer escada foram analisadas antes e depois da intervenção. O Estudo 1 mostrou que a síndrome da dor patelofemoral está relacionada à menor inversão do antepé nas fases iniciais do descer escada e que a intensidade da dor aumenta durante a descida de escada. Os padrões de coordenação do membro inferior mostraram estratégias de restrição da flexão do joelho, assim como restrição da mobilidade do pé em indivíduos com síndrome da dor patelofemoral. Este estudo não confirmou que a menor variabilidade da coordenação está relacionada à síndrome da dor patelofemoral. O Estudo 2 mostrou que uma sessão de intervenção cinesioterapêutica é capaz de modificar os movimentos do tornozelo e pé, consequentemente modificando o movimento do joelho no plano sagital. A intervenção cinesioterapêutica diminui a dor durante a descida de escada em indivíduos com síndrome da dor patelofemoral. Estudos são necessários para a comprovação da eficácia clínica da intervenção cinesioterapêutica em médio e longo prazos / Patellofemoral pain syndrome is one of the most common dysfunctions of the knee among physical active young women. This knee dysfunction can limit physical activity as well as daily living activities. Patellofemoral pain syndrome can also lead to patellofemoral arthritis. This study aimed to verify the influence of patellofemoral pain on the lower extremity movements and coordination as well as verify the acute effects of a kinesiotherapy intervention on the lower extremity of individuals with patellofemoral pain during stair descent. On the first study, we compared the pain intensity, the lower extremity movements, coordination patterns and coordination variability between participants with and without patellofemoral pain during stair descent. 3D kinematics of the knee, ankle and multisegmental of the foot were compared between 30 adult young women, 16 with and 14 without patellofemoral pain. The coordination patterns and variability were compared between groups using a modified vector coding technique.The pain intensity was analized using a visual analogic pain scale (VAS). The second study aimed to verify the acute effects of an intervention on the pain intensity and lower extremity movements in participants with patellofemoral pain during stair descent. The participants with patellofemoral pain (n=16) were divided into two groups, intervention group (n=8) and control group (n=8). We analized the 3D kinematics and pain intensity (VAS) before and after the intervention. The outcome measures of the first study show that patellofemoral pain is associated with less forefoot inversion during the support phase of stair descent. Besides that, the pain intensity increases during stair descent in participants with patellofemoral pain. The coordination patterns show strategies of knee flexion constrain as well as mobility constrain of the foot in individuals with patellofemoral pain. The coordination variability was not associated with patellofemoral pain in this study. The second study shows that the intervention can imediatelly modify the foot, ankle and knee movements and decrease the patellofemoral pain during stair descent. Future studies should address the intervention effectiveness in medium and long- term
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Vliv anatomie dolní končetiny na rozvoj neúrazových bolestí kolenního kloubu / Influence of anatomical parameters on development of non-traumatical knee painPalouš, Vojtěch January 2019 (has links)
This thesis focuses on measurement of anatomical parameters of lower limb in patients with non-traumatical anterior knee pain. Theoretical part of this work describes basic anatomical, kinesiological and biomechanical knowledge about lower limb. Also there are described basic non-traumatical pathologies of knee and how to assess them. Methodology: in experimental part there were examined and measured these parameters: Q angel, foot pronation and range of hip rotation of 28 sportsmen, of which 7 had unilateral anterior knee pain and 4 had bilateral anterior knee with no previous traumatic experience of the knee. Assessing of angles was made through photographic goniometry using Adobe Illustrator to measure angles on digital pictures. Results: the work did not confirm any of hypothesis, that a statistically significant deviation would be found in patients with anterior knee pain compared to heathy population in at least one of the measured parameters. However further analysis of measured data showed statistically significant correlations between foot pronation and range of internal hip rotation and Q angle and range of external hip rotation both in patients with anterior knee pain compared to healthy population where no such correlation was found. Conclusion: This work suggests existence of connection between...
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Merenje parametara proprioceptivnog osećaja nakon dislokacije patele kod adolescentkinja / Measurement of parameters of proprioception after dislocation of patella in adolescent womenMilankov Vukadin 11 April 2019 (has links)
<p>Iščašenje, luksacija ili dislokacija čašice (patele), predstavlja povredu kolena prilikom koje dolazi do pomeranja patele iz patelofemoralnog dela zgloba kolena. Pri ovoj povredi dolazi do oštećenja medijalnih mekotkivnih struktura kolena koje su zadužene za pravilno pomeranje čašice unutar patelofemoralnog zgloba. Nakon prve povrede kod velikog borja pacijenata razvije se hronična nestabilnost patelofemoralnog zgloba sa posledičnim recidivantnim luksacijama patele. Mehanizam nastanka hronične nestabilnosti nije u potpunosti razjašnjen i smatra se multifaktorijalnim, a za jedan od faktora smatra se narušavanje neurološke regulacije pokreta kolena. Propriocepcija je složen neurološki mehanizam koji nam omogućava mentalno mapiranje delova tela, sprečavajući prekomerne i nepravilne pokrete koji mogu dovesti do povređivanja. Za njegovu procenu u zglobu kolena najčešće se procenjuje osećaj pozicije zgloba (JPS – eng. „Joint Position Sense“) kao jedne od komponenti propriocepcije. Nerazjašnjeno je koji je najbolji način za njegovu procenu u pogledu izbora različitih uglova fleksije kolena i pozicija ispitanika, ali i kakav je uticaj povreda struktura kolena na njega. U istraživanju su učestvovale isključivo osobe ženskog pola (15-17 godina), svrstane u tri kategorije od po 30 ispitanika. Prvu, kontrolnu grupu, činile su zdrave ne sportistkinje; drugu, grupu sportistkinja, činile su ispitanice koje su se takmičarski bavile košarkom; treću, grupu pacijentkinja, činile su osobe sa luksacijom čašice kolena. Za merenje JPS korišten je VICON optički sistem (©Vicon Motion Systems Ltd. UK registered no. 1801446) za analizu pokreta. Za svaku grupu meren je JPS metodom pasivnog pozicioniranja-aktivne reprodukcije sa kolenom u različitim nivoima fleksije (30°, 45° i 60°), u uspravnom, ležećem i sedećem položaju, nakon čega su rezultati bili poređeni između grupa. Naši rezultati su pokazali da odabir pozicije ispitanika i ugla merenja ne utiče na JPS u zdravim populacijama, kontrolnoj grupi i grupi sportiskinja, niti postoji statistički značajna razlika odgovarajućih pozicija i uglova između ovih grupa. Za grupu pacijentkinja dobili smo da postoji deficit propriocepcije, i da je sedeći stav najosetljivijim za procenu deficita osećaja pozicija zgloba kolena. U odnosu na odgovarajuće uglove kontrolne grupe i grupe sportistkinja, kod pacijentkinja postoji statistički značajno veća greška traženih uglova u sedećem stavu, zbog čega je ovaj stav karakterističan za ovu grupu. Takođe smo uočili da je najveća razlika pri uglu od 45°, čineći ga kritičnim uglom za grupu pacijentkinja. Ono što je ključni zaključak je da nakon povrede kolena po tipu luksacije čašice postoji neurološki deficit kontrole pokreta kolena, koji potencijalno može dovesti do daljeg povređivanja. Obzirom da je JPS metod kumulativne procene proprioceptivnog sistema, dalja istraživanja bi trebala da budu usmerena na određivanje mesta oštećenja istog, čime bi se postiglo bolje razumevanje funkcionisanja sistema regulacije pokreta kao i mogućnost sprovođenja efikasnijeg lečenja nakon povrede kolena.</p> / <p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:DocumentProperties> <o:Author>Vukadin Milankov</o:Author> <o:Version>16.00</o:Version> </o:DocumentProperties> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings></xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> 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A Critical Reexamination of the Morphology, Neurovasculature, and Fiber Architecture of Knee Extensor Muscles in Animal Models and HumansGlenn, L. Lee, Samojla, Brad G. 01 January 2002 (has links)
The purposes of the present study were to resolve a number of major inconsistencies found in the literature on the structure of the quadriceps femoris muscle and to extend knowledge of its structure using descriptive, qualitative methodology. The quadriceps femoris muscle was investigated in 41 cats, and the findings were confirmed in 6 human cadavers. Two aponeuroses with major biomechanical functions (rectus-vastus and vastus aponeurosis), neither of which had been previously described in the literature, were characterized in both species. The study also resolved many major inconsistencies in the literature: The muscle sometimes described as vastus intermedius (VI) was found to be the articularis genu, the muscle sometimes described as vastus medialis (VM) was found to be the VI, the rectus femoris head was found to have an additional proximal nerve branch not previously recognized, no anomalous 5th head was ever found, and the distal VM were not found to have 2 heads (in either cats or humans). The authors’ anatomical descriptions and bimechanical models of the muscles, tendons, and neurovascular should provide a helpful foundation for future studies on the quadriceps. Two general recommendations are made: 1) that the feline model be considered a viable model to elucidate human knee pathomechanics; and 2) that regardless of the anatomical structure of interest, orthopedic nurses, orthopedic surgeons, and research investigators should routinely use the research literature for anatomical guidance instead of standard anatomical textbooks. © 2002, Sage Publications. All rights reserved.
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A Finite Element Study on Medial Patellofemoral Ligament ReconstructionKoya, Bharath January 2013 (has links)
No description available.
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The Effect of Core Stability on Running Mechanics in Novice RunnersRaabe, Margaret E. 16 June 2017 (has links)
No description available.
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The Effect of Ptellofemoral Pain Syndrome on the Hip and Knee Neuromuscular Control on Dynamic Postural Control TaskGoto, Shiho 28 September 2009 (has links)
No description available.
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Comparison of landing knee valgus angle between female basketball and football athletes: Possible implications for anterior cruciate ligament and patellofemoral joint injury ratesMunro, Allan G., Herrington, L.C., Comfort, P. January 2012 (has links)
No / Objective
To evaluate landing strategies of female football and basketball athletes with relation to possible injury mechanisms and disparity in injury.
Design
Descriptive laboratory study.
Participants
52 female football players and 41 female basketball players.
Main outcome measures
Frontal plane projection angle (FPPA) was measured during the single leg land (SLL) and drop jump (DJ) screening tasks.
Results
2 × 2 × 2 mixed factorial ANOVA showed significant main effects were observed for sport, whilst significant interaction effects were seen between sport and task. Females in both sports exhibited significantly greater FPPA values during the SLL task than the DJ task (p < 0.001). Basketball players demonstrated significantly greater FPPA values during SLL than football players (p < 0.001), whilst no differences were found between sports in the DJ task (p = 0.328).
Conclusion
Female basketball players display greater FPPA values during unilateral landing tasks than female football players which may reflect the greater ACL injury occurrence in this population. Injury prevention programs in these athletes should incorporate unilateral deceleration and landing tasks and should consider the specific injury mechanisms in each sport.
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Validité et fidélité de la combinaison de l’anamnèse et de l’examen physique pour le diagnostic des pathologies communes au genouDécary, Simon 08 1900 (has links)
No description available.
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Atividade elétrica dos músculos estabilizadores da patela em indivíduos portadores da síndrome da dor femoropatelar durante exercícios realizados no step.Pulzatto, Flávio 28 February 2005 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2005-02-28 / Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos / The purpose of this study was to evaluate the electric activity (EMG) in the temporal
and amplitude aspects of the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO), vastus lateralis longus
(VLL) and vastus lateralis obliquus (VLO) muscles during forward step tasks: stepdown
(SFD) and step-up (SFS), and backward step tasks: step-down (SPD) and step-up
(SPS). Twenty seven females were evaluated and separated in two groups: fifteen
normal subjects Control Group (21.13 ± 2.17 years) and twelve subjects with
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome PPS (21.08 ± 2.31 years). The height of the step was
regulated for two angles 45º and 75º - of knee s flexion joint. A metronome was used to
help the volunteers about the time to performance the tasks, a eletrogoniometer was
used in the control of the knee angle and a pressure sensor was used to determinate the
start and the end of the electromyography register. The electric activity was recorded by
surface (Ag/AgCl) electrodes, an EMG apparatus with 8 channels (EMG System Brazil)
and a software of acquisition data AqDados 7.02. The EMG data was processed by the
software Matlab 6.1 that calculated both the onset timing of the muscles and the
integrated of the EMG signal. The EMG was normalized by the mean of the three
muscle contractions and was calculated de ratio VMO/VLL and VMO/VLO for
comparisons between groups and exercises. The relative onset timing was determinate
by the difference VMO-VLO and VMO-VLL. The t-tests showed that in the step up
exercise (75º of the knee flexion), there are differences when compared the groups,
either in frontal step VMO/VLL (p= 0.000) and VMO/VLO (p = 0.000), than posterior
step VMO/VLL (p = 0.000) and VMO/VLO (p = 0.000). In the control group there is a
prevalence of an early contractions of de VMO muscle, however in the PPS group, the
VMO onset occurred at the same time or after the VLO and VLL muscles in the mayor
of the cases. The Anova three-way and Duncan post hoc showed that in step at 45º, the
ratio VMO/VLO (p = 0,000) and VMO/VLL (p = 0,016) was greater then step at 75º in
both groups. When compared the steps in 45º and 75º into the groups, were found
differences either in the VMO:VLO ratio (p = 0,000) than VMO:VLL ratio (0,016) with
greater values in the step at 45º. The comparison between the exercises performed in the
same step height showed that both VMO:VLO and VMO:VLL ratios always was
greater in the SFS than SFD (p = 0,01), SPS (p = 0,04) and SPD (p = 0,000). There is no
difference between SFD and SPS (p = 0,570) or SPD (p = 0,090). In the Control group
the SPS was smaller then SPD, on the other hand, in the SDFP group the SPS was
greater than SPD (p = 0,30). Our results suggest that there is a difference in the motor
control between groups about muscle recruitment either in frontal than posterior step-up
at 75º. In the amplitude aspect, the step at 45º seem to recruit selectively the VMO
muscle in comparison with VLL and VLO, thus, this step height should be used
preferentially in the SDFP treatment programs. Regarding of the mode of execution, the
frontal step (SFS) seems to be the most indicated when the objective is the selective
activation of the VMO muscle mainly in the step at 45º. / A proposta deste estudo foi avaliar, nos aspectos temporal e de amplitude, a
atividade elétrica dos músculos vasto medial oblíquo (VMO), vasto lateral longo (VLL)
e vasto lateral oblíquo (VLO) nos exercícios de step frontal: subida (SFS) e descida
(SFD) e step posterior: subida (SPS) e descida (SPD). Foram avaliados 27 indivíduos do
sexo feminino divididos em dois grupos: 15 clinicamente normais Grupo Controle
(21,13 ± 2,17 anos) e 12 portadores da Síndrome da Dor Femoropatelar - SDFP (21,08
± 2,31). A altura do step foi regulada para dois ângulos - 45º e 75º - de flexão da
articulação do joelho. Um metrônomo auxiliou os voluntários quanto ao tempo de
execução do exercício, um eletrogoniômetro foi utilizado para controlar o ângulo de
flexão do joelho e um sensor de pressão foi utilizado para informar quanto ao início e o
final de cada exercício. A atividade elétrica foi captada por meio de eletrodos ativos
diferenciais simples de superfície, um eletromiógrafo de 8 canais (EMG System do
Brasil) e um programa de aquisição de dados (AqDados 7.02.06). O sinal elétrico
captado foi tratado por rotinas do software Matlab 6.1 que calcularam o tempo de início
da ativação elétrica para cada músculo (análise temporal) e a integral matemática da
área abaixo da envoltória do sinal retificado e filtrado (análise de amplitude). Os valores
da integral foram normalizados pela média das três contrações para cada músculo e
posteriormente calculada as relações VMO: VLO e VMO: VLL. O tempo relativo de
ativação foi determinado subtraindo-se o tempo de ativação do VLL e do VLO do
tempo de ativação do VMO (VMO - VLO e VMO-VLL). O teste t - Student (p ≤ 0,05)
revelou que, no exercício de subida no step a 75º, houve diferença significativa no
tempo relativo de ativação entre os grupos, tanto para o step frontal: VMO-VLO (p =
0,000) e VMO-VLL (p = 0,000), quanto para o step posterior: VMO-VLO (p = 0,000) e
VMO-VLL (p = 0,000). No grupo Controle prevaleceu uma ativação antecipada do
VMO em relação aos músculos VLL e VLO; já no grupo SDFP houve prevalência da
ativação simultânea e tardia do VMO em relação aos demais músculos. A ANOVA
thre-way e o teste de Duncan (p≤ 0,05) revelaram diferenças na relação VMO:VLO e
VMO:VLL quando comparados os grupos Controle e SDFP (p = 0,014). Os valores da
relação VMO:VLO e VMO:VLL foram significativamente maiores no step a 45º do que
a 75º (p = 0,000 e p = 0,016, respectivamente) nos dois grupos. A comparação entre os
exercícios realizados dentro de uma mesma angulação de step revelou que tanto a
relação VMO:VLO quanto VMO:VLL sempre foram maiores no SFS quando
comparado ao SFD (p = 0,010), ao SPS (p = 0,040) e ao SPD (p = 0,000). Não houve
diferença entre a SFD e a SPS (p=0,570) ou a SPD (p = 0,090). No grupo Controle o
SPS foi menor que a SPD (p = 0,030), enquanto que no grupo SDFP ocorreu o inverso
nas duas relações em ambos os steps. Nossos resultados sugerem haver diferenças no
controle motor entre os grupos quanto ao recrutamento muscular, tanto no step frontal
quanto no posterior no ângulo de 75º. Na análise da amplitude, o step a 45 º parece
recrutar mais seletivamente o músculo VMO em relação ao VLL e VLO do que no step
a 75º, podendo ser utilizado preferencialmente no tratamento de indivíduos portadores
de SDFP. Quanto à modalidade de step, o exercício de subida frontal (SFS) parece ser o
mais indicado quando o objetivo for a ativação seletiva do músculo VMO
principalmente no step a 45º.
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