This study analyses the presence of feminism in Jan Guillou's Blue Star. The study is also looking for similarities between the main character Johanne Lauritzen and Guillou's male character in the series about Coq Rouge, Carl Hamilton. Answers are also sought for the question whether these two characters are heroes on the same terms.

This ethnographic research examines the social implications of the ethnolinguistic contact that occurs in the U.S.-Mexico border region at a day labor center in Tucson, Arizona. I discuss the multiple values of English and Spanish in this setting and how individuals interpret and negotiate these values in the construction and performance of identity. More specifically, I analyze how discourses of linguistic capital shape the organization of this community and influence the dynamics of employment negotiations. The research setting includes immigrant day laborers (primarily from Mexico and Central America), employers who contract workers, and bilingual volunteers who act as language brokers between workers and their employers; all of whom use language to interactively negotiate their social status as they construct identities vis-à-vis other members of the community. My analysis reveals a discourse that places a high level of linguistic capital on Spanish-English bilingualism in the economic market. Although I have not found evidence that this linguistic capital has a real exchange rate into dollars, my data demonstrates that immigrants rapidly acquire and contribute to this locally constructed discourse. I explore the techniques that workers use to exploit and promote their language abilities through ‘performances’ of bilingualism that are realized not only to secure employment, but also for social positioning within this community of practice. Language, then, is one of the many tools that both workers and employers use in the construction of interpersonal relationships and social hierarchies. In addition, I analyze gatekeeping encounters focusing on the rapid employment negotiations that occur between day laborers and their employers, building on previous research with regard to the concepts of rapport, co-membership, and the presentation of an institutional self. Finally, I propose a model for the study of intercultural communication and contact that reflects the dynamic nature of contact and the complexity of overlapping categories of identity. Identity formation is a multiplex and multidirectional social construction that necessitates pushing beyond binary models of intercultural communication. Identity construction is informed not only by face-to-face interlocutors, but also by the linguistic ecology of dominant and subordinate discourses and the imagined individual and collective interlocutors they evoke.

[pt] Os estereótipos de gênero permeiam a vida social sendo, muitas vezes, de difícil percepção, tamanha a naturalização que estes conseguem atingir. Este processo de naturalização ocorre por meio do entendimento de que os atos de fala são meramente descritivos, quando, na verdade, estes são a forma por meio da qual a linguagem constitui a realidade, o que é chamado de ato performativo. Assim, torna-se fundamental o recurso à teoria de Austin, para que, por meio desta, se possa compreender o alcance desses atos de fala. Esses atos performativos foram incorporados pela teoria feminista para desmitificar as identidades de gênero, muitas vezes afirmadas ou com base em uma suposta essência, masculina ou feminina, ou por meio de uma biologização dessas noções. Isto permite entender como a linguagem é constitutiva dos corpos, e também do gênero, ponto fundamental para analisar-se o processo de construção do ideário de mulher e do movimento feminista no Brasil ao longo dos dois últimos séculos. Tendo como marco a Constituição Federal, pilar maior no processo de conquista de direitos na história recente do país, tomam-se por base as discussões travadas ao longo da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte, de 1987-1988, para, novamente recorrendo ao arsenal teórico aqui mencionado, explicitarem-se as ideias em torno das noções de gênero que se fizeram presentes naquele debate e as consequências que estas tiveram na luta e constituição de direitos das mulheres. / [en] Gender stereotypes that permeate social life are often difficult to detect, because of the process of naturalization that they can achieve. This naturalization process occurs through the understanding of speech acts that are merely descriptive, when, in fact, they are the means by which language constitutes reality, what is called a performative. Thus, it becomes essential to use Austin s theory, through this, one can understand the scope of these speech acts. These performative acts were merged by feminist theory to demystify gender identities often asserted or based on a supposed essence, male or female, or through a biologization of these notions. This allows us to understand how language is constitutive of bodies, and also the gender, essential to analyse the process of construction of the notion of women and the feminist movement in Brazil over the past two centuries. Starting from the Federal Constitution, bigger pillar in the process of conquering rights in recent history of the country, discussions during the National Constituent Assembly of 1987-1988 are taken for, resorting to the theoretical arsenal herein, emphasize the ideas around the notions of gender that were present at the debate and the consequences they had on the struggle and establishment of women s rights.

Este estudio se centra en las vidas de cinco mujeres mexicanas—Malintzin, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, Leona Vicario, Rosario Castellanos y Julieta Venegas—de cinco etapas históricas diferentes de México—la Conquista, el Virreinato de Nueva España, la lucha por la independencia, la modernidad y lo contemporáneo—al estudiar el uso que cada figura hace de su “Voz” según la época. Empieza presentando y descomponiendo el concepto de “malinchismo” revisando los detalles reconocidos de la vida de Malintzin/doña Marina/la Malinche. Después, continúa con un resumen de ciertos aspectos interesantes de las vidas de cada figura, empezando con Sor Juana y concluyendo con Julieta Venegas. En cada capítulo hay un análisis del uso de la Voz por medio de obras asociadas con cada figura. En cuanto a Malintzin, es necesario revisar las crónicas en las que ella aparece como protagonista. En el capítulo de Sor Juana, analizo principalmente los villancicos escritos para la celebración de la Asunción de 1676 y su defensa personal, la “Respuesta de la poetisa a Sor Filotea de la Cruz”. Al estudiar a Leona Vicario, comento ciertos datos de la biografía escrita por Genaro García en 1910, quizás la biografía más completa de la heroína hasta el día de hoy, y luego incorporo comunicados escritos por la misma Leona Vicario. Para Rosario Castellanos, he escogido el cuento “Lección de cocina,” el ensayo “Y las madres, ¿qué opinan?” y la obra de teatro El eterno femenino. Luego, para terminar el estudio, analizo la letra de las canciones compuestas por Julieta Venegas, además de su uso de la voz y su imagen pública por medio de entrevistas. This study focuses on the life of five Mexican women—Malintzin, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, Leona Vicario, Rosario Castellanos y Julieta Venegas—from five time periods of Mexican History—la Conquista, el Virreinato de Nueva España, la lucha por la independencia, la modernidad y lo contemporáneo—in order to study the use of "Voice" by each subject in relation to their respective time periods. It begins by presenting the concepts of "Malinchismo" y "Marianismo," revisiting the recorded details of the life of Malintzin/doña Marina/la Malinche. Then it continues with a summary of certain interesting aspects of the lives of each of the selected subjects, from Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz to the contemporary singer-songwriter Julieta Venegas. In each chapter there is an analysis of the use of "Voice" by means of works associated with each subject. In connection with Malintzin, it is necessary to review the chronicles in which the young indigenous translator appears as a protagonist. In the chapter about Sor Juana, the analysis centers around the villancicos written to celebrate "la Asunción de 1676" and the personal defense written by Sor Juana, "La Respuesta de la poetisa a Sor Filotea de la Cruz." In order to study Leona Vicario, the use of biographic information gathered from Genaro García informs the contemporary image of Vicario, later complimented by writings Vicario published in her own defense. For Rosario Castellanos, the short story "Lección de cocina," the essay "Y las madres, ¿qué opinan?," and the play El eterno femenino serve as the focus. An analysis of certain compositions by singer-songwriter Julieta Venegas concludes the study alongside the presentation of certain biographical details about her gathered from a variety of interviews.

Este trabajo propone un acercamiento doble a la novela La Revuelta de Sonia Montecino, donde pensamos que tanto la teoría queer como el origen mapuche son de gran importancia en la construcción identitaria de la protagonista. Nuestro análisis consiste en un intento de relacionar la búsqueda de una identidad por parte de la protagonista, mediante una subversión del sexo, por un lado, y mediante la vuelta a los ancestros, por otro. La hipótesis principal de nuestro trabajo es que La Revuelta presenta una propuesta alternativa sobre la construcción identitaria femenina. Para abarcar nuestra investigación nos empleamos de diferentes herramientas metodológicas, como la teoría queer desarrollada por Judith Butler y la cultura mapuche sintetizada por el antropólogo Rolf Foerster. Al igual que nos detenemos en los estudios del sociólogo chileno Jorge Larraín que nos sirven para comprender el contexto en el que se sitúa la trama de la novela, asimismo como recurrimos a Genette y Greimas para llevar a cabo un estudio narratológico, dado que nuestro cuerpo de investigación ha sido un texto narrativo. / This paper proposes the use of a dual approach of queer theory and the importance of the indigenous Mapuche identity, to analyze the identity construction of the protagonist in the novel La Revuelta. The analysis is an attempt to relate the search for identity by the protagonist, through a subversion of gender on the one hand and the return to the ancestral past on the other. The main hypothesis of our work is that La Revuelta presents an alternative proposal on female identity construction. To execute our research we employ different methodological tools, such as queer theory developed by Judith Butler and the theories on Mapuche culture compiled by anthropologist Rolf Foerster. We also focus on the studies of the Chilean sociologist Jorge Larraín, which allow us to understand the context in which the plot of the novel is set, as well as referring to Genette and Greimas in order to conduct a narratological study.