This thesis is a creative one, comprised of eight short stories which deal with a variety of subjects. All of the material is concerned with personal or vicarious experience.

With over 550,000 American lives claimed by COVID-19, over 30 million confirmed infections, and historic job losses across the nation, evaluations of the pandemic response from the Trump Administration have been polarizing. In the eyes of many Americans, President Trump’s Coronavirus response has been lacking in swiftness and efficacy, while many others see the governmental response as competent or having exceeded expectations. In light of previous research, to expect these evaluations to be politically polarized would be reasonable, but at what point do these partisan biases fall away? This survey study will test how partisan biases influence Americans’ evaluations of President Donald Trump’s – and President Biden’s – handling of the Coronavirus pandemic response – factoring in how respondents have been personally affected by the pandemic or personally know someone who has been. These experiences with COVID-19 will be quantified by proximity to loss of life due to, and infection of, COVID-19, as well as job loss as a result of the effects of the virus. As devastating as these experiences may be, I expect the influence of partisan biases to be overwhelmingly correlated with respondents’ evaluations of both President Trump’s and President Biden’s COVID-19 response when compared to the correlation of personal experience. As the findings will suggest, these expectations prove to be accurate; Republicans indicate substantially higher levels of satisfaction with President Trump’s pandemic response when compared to Democrats, with the reverse relationship observed for evaluations of President Biden, and this holds true at all levels of proximity. Further, partisan identity yields a considerably larger magnitude of correlation with these evaluations when compared to personal experience. Unfortunately, Americans do not seem to hold their presidents accountable for their actions (or inaction) by learning from even the most traumatic experiences; party overpowers all else. The findings of this study will greatly enrich the current literature on the extent to which partisan biases influence evaluations of government, and will provide insight into the reliability of democratic accountability, and, resultantly, the very functioning of American democracy.

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This thesis explores personal experience narratives about making mistakes in the preparation and serving of food. In order to understand when these narratives, referred to in the text as “kitchen nightmares,” are told, to whom, in what form, and why, one-onone and group ethnographic interviews were conducted. In total, 13 interviews were conducted with 25 individuals (men and women) ranging in age from 19 to 70. Six major themes of kitchen nightmare narratives are identified in Chapter One. Chapter Two explores one of these themes, resistance, in the context of the kitchen nightmare stories of heterosexual married women. Chapter Three illustrates how individuals use kitchen nightmare stories to perform aspects of their identity for one another in group interviews, as well as how group members collaborate to tell these stories and negotiate what matters most about them during their telling.

Bakgrund: I vårdandet av personer med svårläkta sår finns det en risk att fokus hamnar på såret i sig, istället för den enskilde individen. En avgörande faktor för framgångsrik sårläkning är att vårdaren intar ett helhetsperspektiv av personen. Tidigare forskning visar att livskvaliteten hos personer med bensår påverkas negativt av olika faktorer såsom smärta, nedsatt rörlighet och sömnstörningar. Sjuksköterskan bör bedöma och se till de faktorer som påverkar livskvaliteten hos varje enskild person, samt agera för att såret skall läka och lindra symtom. Syfte: Att belysa den personliga upplevelsen av att leva med svårläkta bensår ur ett livskvalitetsperspektiv. Metod: En litteraturstudie baserad på tolv studier med kvalitativ ansats. Därefter följer en deduktiv analys av materialet utifrån WHOQOL:s definition av livskvalitet enligt sex olika domäner. Artiklarna hittades via sökningar i databaserna Cinahl, MEDLINE, AMED och Academic Search Elite. Resultat: Livskvaliteten hos personer med bensår påverkades inom de fysiska och psykiska domänerna, liksom i domänerna grad av oberoende, sociala relationer och omgivning och miljö. Ingen påverkan inom domänen andlighet, religion och personlig tro har kunnat påvisas. Slutsats: Personer med bensår upplevde en negativ inverkan på sin livskvalitet. För att kunna upprätthålla och förbättra sin livskvalitet behövde personer med bensår hjälp och stöd i det dagliga livet. / Background: In the care of people with chronic wounds, there is a risk that the focus is placed on the wound itself, rather than on the individual. A crucial factor for successful wound healing is that the caregiver takes a holistic perspective of the person. Previous research shows that the quality of life in people with leg ulcers is adversely affected by various factors such as pain, impaired mobility and sleep disturbances. The nurse should assess and review the factors that affect the quality of life of every individual, and act to heal the wound and alleviate symptoms. Aim: To highlight the personal experience of living with chronic leg ulcers from a quality of life perspective. Method: A study based on twelve studies with a qualitative approach. This is followed by a deductive analysis of the material from WHOQOL's definition of quality of life under six different domains. Articles were found through searches of the databases Cinahl, MEDLINE, AMED and Academic Search Elite. Results: The quality of life in people with leg ulcers was affected in the physical domain, psychological domain, level of independence, social relationships and environment. No influence in the domain spirituality, religion and personal faith has been demonstrated. Conclusion: People with leg ulcers experienced a negative impact on their quality of life. In order to maintain and improve the quality of life for the individuals with leg ulcers, there is a major need for help and support in the daily life.

En el marco del variacionismo, en este trabajo se realiza una aproximación sociolingüística al empleo de de repente como introductor de la complicación de la narración en una muestra de 300 narraciones de experiencia personal (Labov y Waletzky 1967, y Labov 1972) de hablantes santiaguinos. Primero, se establece la frecuencia de empleo de dicha partícula. Luego, se correlacionan los factores sociodemográficos de los hablantes con el empleo de de repente y, finalmente, se describe el funcionamiento de esta partícula en las narraciones que conforman la muestra. La hipótesis de trabajo fue que las características sociodemográficas de los hablantes de español en Santiago de Chile están correlacionadas con el empleo de de repente como introductor de complicación de la narración. El análisis de los datos dio cuenta de que de repente tiene una frecuencia de 100 casos, de los cuales 95 (95%) cumplen la función de introducir la acción complicada de los relatos. Asimismo, demostramos que se trata de una partícula que suele emplearse más por informantes mujeres de edad joven (20-34 años). El análisis, a su vez, permitió dar cuenta de que una colocación preponderante es la que se genera entre la forma de repente + presente histórico. / Situated within the variationist sociolinguistic framework, in this paper we analyze the use of de repente as a marker that introduces complication or climax in a sample of 300 personal experience narratives (Labov y Waletzky 1967 y Labov 1972) of Santiago speakers. First, we establish the frequency of use of this particle. Then, we correlate the speakers’ sociodemographic factors with the use of this marker, and finally, we describe the functionality of this particle within the narratives that make up the sample. Our hypothesis was that the sociodemographic characteristics of Santiago Spanish speakers would be correlated with the use of de repente as a phrase that introduces complication or climax within the narrative. The data analysis shows that de repente was used a total of 100 times, of which 95 (95%) function in this manner, or as introducing the complicated action of the story. Additionally, we demonstrate that this particle is used most frequently by female informants from the younger age group (20-34 years old). The analysis, in turn, enabled us to determine that a main collocation is that of de repente + historical present.

Submitted by MAITHÊ CRISTINA ULIANA null (maithepsico@gmail.com) on 2016-03-20T23:59:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertaçao_VersaoFinal_Pos_ Defesa_20_03_16.pdf: 2660100 bytes, checksum: 79b7303fb0104191b7f00a1b6692be01 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-03-22T14:35:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 uliana_mc_me_bauru.pdf: 2660100 bytes, checksum: 79b7303fb0104191b7f00a1b6692be01 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-22T14:35:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 uliana_mc_me_bauru.pdf: 2660100 bytes, checksum: 79b7303fb0104191b7f00a1b6692be01 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / A crescente associação entre depressão e doenças cardiovasculares aponta para a influência de fatores psicoemocionais no aparecimento de doenças cardíacas, como é o caso da Doença Arterial Coronariana (DAC). Estudos apontam para a alta prevalência de sintomas de depressão em pacientes com DAC, antes e após a cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRM). Destacam-se os aspectos emocionais vivenciados pelos pacientes frente à experiência da cirurgia cardíaca, desde sua descoberta até o processo de recuperação. A vivência como Psicóloga na Unidade de Cardiologia de um Hospital Geral mobilizou o interesse em investigar o fenômeno depressivo e os aspectos psicológicos relacionados à experiência da cirurgia cardíaca dos pacientes submetidos à CRM, tendo em vista a importância do tratamento, prevenção e minimização dos riscos relacionados ao quadro orgânico. Neste estudo, de natureza quanti-qualitativa, os sintomas depressivos de 20 pacientes submetidos à CRM foram avaliados nos momentos pré e pós-operatórios, durante a internação hospitalar. As experiências pessoais em relação à doença e à cirurgia cardíaca de 5 destes pacientes, relatadas em entrevistas clinicas no pós-operatório tardio, foram descritas e analisadas, bem como a avaliação dos sintomas de depressão neste momento. Os 20 participantes admitidos na Unidade de Cardiologia do Hospital de Base de Bauru – SP FAMESP, pertenciam a ambos os sexos, situavam-se na faixa etária de 53 a 77 anos, haviam sido diagnosticados com DAC e recebido indicação de CRM. A etapa da internação hospitalar englobou a avaliação dos sintomas de depressão por meio do Inventário de Depressão de Beck-II (BDI-II), e o registro de dados demográficos, clínico-médicos e psicológicos pela Ficha de Registro de Dados de Prontuário, e teve os dados analisados quantitativamente. A análise estatística consistiu da descrição da prevalência e intensidade dos sintomas depressivos e dos dados clínico-médicos e psicológicos em frequências absolutas (N) e relativas (%). Para a comparação das frequências foram utilizados os testes não paramétricos de McNemar e Wilcoxon, adotando-se o nível de significância estatística de α = 0,05. A maioria da amostra foi composta por pacientes acima dos 60 anos de idade (75%) e do sexo masculino (60%). Os resultados obtidos apontam para a alta prevalência de sintomas de depressão em pacientes com DAC, antes e após a CRM, não se constatando mudanças significativas em relação à presença de sintomatologia depressiva entre o pré e o pós-operatório da cirurgia. A intensidade dos sintomas depressivos melhorou entre o pré e pós-operatório, possivelmente devido à sensação de alívio após o procedimento cirúrgico, e à expectativa de melhora da condição física e da qualidade de vida no período de recuperação da cirurgia A análise qualitativa das entrevistas dos cinco casos clínicos, por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin (1977), revelou o caráter positivo da experiência da cirurgia cardíaca, na qual a fé e a religiosidade, o suporte familiar e o suporte oferecido pela equipe multidisciplinar, em especial do psicólogo, foram apontados como importantes recursos para enfrentar o impacto do diagnóstico da enfermidade cardíaca, a indicação da cirurgia e as dificuldades relacionadas ao processo de hospitalização. / The increasing association between depression and cardiovascular disease points to the influence of psycho-emotional factors in the onset of heart disease, as is the case with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Studies point to the high prevalence of depression symptoms in CAD patients before and after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) the emotional aspects are. It highlights the emotional aspects experienced by patients across the experience of heart surgery, since its discovery until the recovery process. The experience as a Psychologist in the Cardiology Unit of a general hospital mobilized the interest in investigating the depressive phenomenon and the psychological aspects related to the experience of heart surgery patients undergoing CABG, considering the importance of treatment, prevention and minimization of related risks the organic framework. In this study, a quantitative and qualitative nature, the depressive symptoms of 20 patients undergoing CABG were evaluated in the pre and postoperative, during hospitalization. Personal experiences about the disease and cardiac surgery in 5 of these patients reported in clinical interviews in the late postoperative period, were described and analyzed, as well as evaluating the symptoms of depression at the moment. The 20 participants admitted to the Cardiology Unit of the Base Hospital of Bauru - SP FAMESP belonged to both sexes, were in the age group 53-77 years had been diagnosed with CAD and CRM received indication. The stage of hospitalization included the assessment of depression symptoms via the Beck Inventory-II Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and the record of demographic data, clinical and medical and psychological the Handbook of Data Recording Sheet, and had the data analyzed quantitatively. Statistical analysis is the description of the prevalence and intensity of depressive symptoms and clinical and medical and psychological data in absolute frequencies (N) and relative (%). To compare the frequency nonparametric McNemar test and Wilcoxon were used, adopting the statistical significance level of α = 0.05. The majority of the sample consisted of patients over 60 years of age (75%) and male (60%). The results point to the high prevalence of symptoms of depression in patients with CHD before and after CABG and contains no significant changes regarding the presence of depressive symptoms between pre and postoperative surgery. The intensity of depressive symptoms improved between the pre- and post-operative, possibly due to the sense of relief after surgery, and the expectation of improving their physical condition and quality of life in the surgery recovery period. The qualitative analysis of five clinical cases through the Bardin content analysis technique (1977), revealed the positive nature of the experience of heart surgery, in which faith and religiosity, family support, and the support offered by the multidisciplinary team, especially the psychologist, were identified as important resources used to address the impact of the diagnosis of heart disease, the indication of surgery and difficulties related to the hospitalization process.

Barnmorskors arbete inom förlossningsvården innebär ofta en nära kontakt med den födande kvinnan, och barnmorskan har kompetens att självständigt bedöma när en situation under förlossningsarbetet avviker från det normala samt förestå en handlingsberedskap för komplikationer och akuta situationer. Svåra händelser kan påverka barnmorskan emotionellt, och syftet med studien är att utforska hur barnmorskor upplever svåra situationer inom förlossningsvården, samt vilket stöd de får i samband med detta. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med sex barnmorskor som hade minst tre års erfarenhet från arbete på förlossningsavdelning. Intervjuerna analyserades enligt kvalitativ innehållsanalys med induktiv ansats. Tre huvudkategorier framkom i resultatet med åtta underkategorier Huvudkategorierna är: Att hantera det som känns svårt, Att utsättas för psykisk påfrestning, En utsatthet i relation till professionen. Att handlägga en förlossning är ett stort ansvar, och barnmorskor belyste situationer då de upplevt oro inför det som hände eller kunde ha hänt. Barnmorskorna betonade vikten av stöd både från chefer och kollegor i samband med svåra situationer, samt efterfrågade tid till samtal med kollegor och chefer eller handledning med extern gruppledare.

Bakgrund: ADHD (Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) är en neuropsykiatriskfunktionsnedsättning som kännetecknas av stora uppmärksamhetssvårigheter,impulsivitet och överaktivitet. Symtom skapar konsekvenser i vardagslivets olikaområden som studier, arbetsliv, fritid, familjeliv och relationer som påverkas i olikagrad beroende på individens symtombild. Personer som diagnostiserats med ADHDbehöver ofta stöd från flera olika sociala institutioner, till exempel sjukvården.Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva hur personer med ADHD upplevde kontakten med vården.Metod: En beskrivande litteraturstudie. Artiklarna söktes i databasen Pubmed ochresulterade i tio stycken kvalitativa artiklar. Alla tio artiklarna redovisas i resultatdelen.Huvudresultat: Hur personer med ADHD upplevde vårdkontakten och undertillhörande subteman beskrevs hur information och kunskap förmedlades avvårdpersonalen och hur upplevelsen av tillgänglighet till vård och hjälpande tjänstersamt beskrev det personers upplevelse av tillgång till den vårdkontakt de var i behov av.Slutsats: Personer som sökte vårdkontakt för att få hjälp med diagnos eller behandlingav sin ADHD ofta kände sig bortsedda. De upplevde att bemötandet från vårdpersonalvisade på okunskap och dåliga attityder samt att det sällan fanns annat än farmakologiskhjälp att tillgå.

Narration, or storytelling, is an important aspect of language. Narrative skills have practical and social importance; for example, children who tell good stories receive attention and approval from their peers. When children accurately recount events surrounding an injury or dispute, vital information is passed to parents and teachers. Additionally, early childhood narrative skills are moderately correlated with reading comprehension in primary grades. Because narration is socially and academically valued, language interventionists often address it. The research literature on narrative intervention has most often included school-aged participants and those with language or learning difficulties. Only a small number of studies have investigated narrative intervention with preschoolers, and the supporting evidence is suggestive rather than conclusive. Outcomes frequently targeted include narrative story grammar (e.g., character, problem, action, consequence) and general language outcomes (e.g., length of story, mean length of communication unit, and total number of words). Results have been generally positive; however, the methodological quality of studies is poor. Therefore, few firm conclusions can be drawn regarding the efficacy of narrative interventions. Because of its potential and popularity, the effect of narrative intervention on a range of populations needs to be examined systematically through high quality research. This study evaluated the effects of a narrative intervention on story retelling and story generation using a multiple baseline design with five target participants. We delivered narrative intervention in a small group arrangement. Materials, activities, and instructor assistance were adjusted systematically within session to facilitate increasingly independent practice of story retells and personal story generations. Results suggest that narrative intervention improved participants' narrative retell and personal generation performance based on Index of Narrative Complexity (INC) scores. All five target participants made substantial gains in narrative retelling, demonstrated improved pre-intervention to post-intervention INC scores for personal generations, and these improvements maintained when assessed following a 2-week break. In addition, we documented growth in general language measures such as number of communication units, mean length of utterance, number of different words, and total number of words.