In the early 80’s it was recognized that electronic data mining is a serious threat to the autonomity of persons and PIN became a symbol of total citizen control. There appeared a need to consider either the priority of technical advancements or the priority of human rights. This is why precise legal provisions about using the PIN appeared. The use of PIN became a requirement and this process began even in those countries where PIN had been already introduced before the rise of overwhelming concern about data protection. It can be noted that the regulation of the use of personal number is not fully comprehensive, despite the fact that the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms enacted by the Council of Europe in 1950, where the right to privacy is provisioned as one of the most significant rights, established an efficient human rights implementation mechanism. The countries employing the PIN of specific context acquire the information about a part of life of the individual and not violate the individual privacy. The countries, employing universal multifunctional identity identificators have established a high level control measures. However, in any case when the confirmation of a person’s identity is needed, it is advisable to authentificate his/ her existing features disclosing only a minimum content of private personal data. In other words, the disclosure of private personal data should be in proportion with the main objectives of... [to full text]

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Titel: Personalinvolverat förändringsarbete i industriföretag: Ett verksamhetsledande perspektiv   Författare: Axelsson Tobias Examinator: Lindhult Erik Handledare: Sjödin Carina Ämne/Kurs: Innovationsteknik, KIN190 Nyckelord: innovation, Ledarskap, Personal, Personalinvolvering, organisation, Industri  Inledning och problembakgrund: Skandinaviska företag har länge haft en tradition av att engagera och involvera personal och det är essentiellt att ha en engagerad personal för att hantera och implementera innovation. Personalinvolverat innovationsarbete kan ha många direkta och indirekta positiva effekter på en organisation, detta område är dock relativt nytt för industriföretag. Vad behöver då en personalstyrka på ett industriföretag för att kunna hantera förändringsarbete och vad krävs av verksamhetsledare. Vilken möjlighet har egentligen en personalstyrka att skapa unika idéer om företaget? Syfte: meningen med studien är i huvudsak att öka kunskapen om personalinvolverad innovation i industriföretag. Studien antar ett managementperspektiv, vilket innebär att stor vikt läggs vid vad en verksamhetsledare upplever för värdeskapande vid ett genomförande av en mindre förändringssatsning. Metod: Studien följer ett mindre förändringsinitiativ där två grupper, en extern och en personalgrupp arbetar med samma material för att finna företagsförbättringar i workshops. Studien är upplagd som ett kvalitativt aktionsforskningsprojekt. Metoden fokuserar i huvudsak på en verksamhetsledares kunskapsskapande av genomförandet. Resultat: Studien visar på att den interna gruppen har lätt att finna mindre idéer vilka är lättare att implementera. Det är dock inte enkelt att genomföra förändringssatsningar. Organisationer måste vara beredda att involvera flera nivåer i organisationen för att satsningar skall ge resultat. En verksamhetsledare som leder dessa processer måste vara beredd på att ta kritik och det kan vara svårt att hinna med. Om företaget skall genomföra längre satsningar kan de även behöva hjälp. Studien visar även att intern personal behöver stöd genom hela processen av tidiga innovationssatsningar, även om de arbetar med sin egen miljö och egna idéer. De slutsatser som gjorts ses förenklat i understående punktlista. Personal behöver stöd genom alla delar i en innovationsprocess. Detta stöd bör vara både personligt och genom funktioner som ramverk eller hjälpmedel. Verksamhetsledare måste kunna lägga tid på förändringssatsningar. De måste även medvetengöra sig att det kräver den tid det gör. Verksamhetsledare som hanterar personalinvolverande satsningar bör vara beredda att ta kritik och reflektera över sin egen uppfattning om situationer. En organisation som står inför en satsning kan behöva förändras, nyanställa eller hyra in hjälp för att avlasta och/eller sköta satsningen. Personalinvolvering bör resultera i ett bättre fungerande företag både genom faktiska lösningar men även anställdas engagemang. Personalinvolvering ökar företagets interna transparens. / Title: Workforce involvement innovation in industrial organizations: a management perspective.   Author: Axelsson Tobias Tutor: Lindhult Erik Mentor: Sjödin Carina Subject/curse: Innovation management, KIN190 Keywords: innovation, management, workforce involvement, organization, industrial sector Problem: Scandinavian organizations have a long tradition of workforce involvement and find it essential to have an engaged workforce to handle innovation. Workforce involvement innovation can give many indirect or direct positive effects but the area are (relative) new to the industrial sector. The question that rises is what an industrial sector workforce need to accomplice innovative changes, and what kind of innovative work do they fit for? What possibilities does a workforce have to create ideas in an organization? Purpose: With this study the aim is to create a clearer picture about innovative workforce involvement in the industrial sector. The study follows a management perspective and tries to understand workforce involvement through a manager’s eye. Method: The study follows a small innovative initiative in which two groups, one internal and one external to a organization use the same material to find innovative solutions to problems in the working environment.  The study is a qualitative action research project, and is focusing on a managers learning process through the project. Conclusion: The study shows that internal workforce is suited to create incremental solutions which also are easy to implement. It’s not an easy task and the organization has to be prepared to involve several levels of the workforce. A manager who leads the process has to be prepared to receive a lot of criticism and reserving a lot of time to projects. If it’s a bigger project the organization might need to get external help. The study also shows that the workforce needs support through the whole innovative process in projects. This is even if they work with their own ideas and their own working environment. There is no easy way even if you might think that a workforce should manage to improve their own situation. The workforce needs support all through an innovative project. Managers have to reserve a lot of time to innovative projects. Managers have to realize that they will receive criticism and reflect over there own view about situations. An organization that wants to create innovative changes might need to change work assignments, recruit or hire external help to succeed. Workforce innovation projects should result in a better working organization both by actual solutions but also in the commitment of the work force. Workforce involvement increases organizational internal transparency.

This dissertation is organized in a traditional format while including three essays that address specific research questions. Essay 1 examined the relationship between physical activity and community engagement and their effect on mental well-being among older men and women. Data from National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) from 2018 to 2020 were explored and the posited relationships were tested. This essay provides empirical support that older adults who are reasonably active and involved in the community have greater mental well-being than those who isolate themselves. Essay 2 provides insight into older adults' motivation to improve their physical activity through the use of a fitness tracker. The key finding from this study is that wearables, especially fitness trackers, can significantly facilitate increased physical activity. Essay 3 is a mixed-methods study to understand older adults' perception of the usefulness of fitness trackers and interaction with such devices. Findings suggest that to increase the adoption of fitness trackers among older adults, makers could improve the esthetics and quality of the wristband in addition to the battery life of the tracker.

The social impacts of new information technology have attracted much attention in recent years. This study looked at the personal computer's impact on the public library's services and functions. Particular attention was paid to the public access personal computer. The method involved a Baseline survey to establish the availability and use of public access personal computers in Australian public libraries and a Delphi survey to consider possible futures. The researcher's framework was drawn from reviews of the literatures on futures research; new information technology and its social impacts; the development and current situation of the public library; and innovation research. The Baseline survey revealed that public access personal computers were becoming increasingly common in public libraries, though their provision was not yet widespread. Existing and planned uses included games, literacy and various other educational activities. Overall the public access personal computer was viewed as a favourable innovation with the part it could play in developing community computer literacy receiving particular attention. The Delphi panel was comprised of 25 public librarians selected on the basis of their knowledge about computers in public libraries. The 41 Event Statements postulated a wide range of changes in - (1) the nature and method of service provision; (2) the patterns of client demand and use; and, (3) financial allocations. The results revealed greater variability of opinion about the likely time of occurrence of the Events than about their desirability. A high level of opinion change between the two Rounds did not produce much movement toward consensus - indicating that the panel had varied views of the future. Comment on both surveys indicated that the librarians were keen to develop services relevant to their communities and if public access personal computers were such a service they would strive to provide them. The Delphi survey proved a good vehicle for encouraging consideration of the future and further research using the method seems warranted.

This thesis explores Landmark Education, an American personal development company which claims to transform lives for the better. The purpose of this work is to analyse the pros and cons of various participants and professionals connected with Landmark Education. This work has been carried out as a piece of investigative journalism and reflects the principles of this field. Chapter one addresses contemporary criticisms of Landmark and outlines the main points of the investigation which will be analysed and debated in chapter three. Chapter two gives a historical background to the self-help and personal development realm that Landmark belongs to. This chapter is more informative in tone and provides an indepth discussion on est, the company to precede Landmark. Chapter three is the investigative component of this thesis and contains interviews of Landmark supporters and critics. These include former and current participants of Landmark Education, as well as professionals of clinical psychology and the personal coaching fields. This chapter primarily addresses issues connected with critical claims that Landmark is a cult. The thesis is accompanied by a supporting exegesis which outlines the relevant theoretical, historical, critical and design contexts and also seeks to defend both the applied research methodology and theoretical base.

As a member of the Stolen Generations, my objective and design in this dissertation is part of a larger project, involving the reclamation of my Aboriginal identity, taken from me as a child. I will attempt to do this through researching the lives of my grandfather George Shaw and his daughters, Ruby Janie and Maggie. Through a reading of files and documents held by the Department of Indigenous Affairs, Perth, I will show how the 1905 Aborigines Protection Act impacted on the lives of the Shaw family, and on all Aboriginal people who lived under this oppressive regime. Through the disclosure of what life was like for me as a child removed, I attempt to identify the shameful lack of care by the authorities concerned with my removal. The rational behind this piece of work is based on a desire to further my own personal journey of healing by linking my story to the larger Shaw story.

Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio University, November, 1986. / Title from PDF t.p.