The lower Churchill River has been an important travel route for people living in its vicinity for a long period of time. Churchillians’ have used it for subsistence harvesting, as their potable water source and as a place of recreation and relaxation. Previous research has documented the importance of the Churchill River to the residents and has explored how the Churchill River Diversion affected the community of Churchill (Boothroyd, 1992; 2000; Four Directions Consulting Group, 1994; 1995). The purpose of this project was to identify how Churchill residents used the lower Churchill River (from 1970 to 2006), recognizing three distinct periods of time. Twenty interviews were conducted with former or current long-term residents of Churchill, as well as two interviews with experts on issues concerning the lower Churchill River. Many interviewees stated that additional negotiations and measures are required before they deem the mitigation compensation package from Manitoba Hydro to be adequate considering the impact of the diversion on the residents of Churchill.

Many immigrant (minority language) parents send their children to heritage language programs in hopes of helping their children maintain connections to their mother cultures and languages. This case study aims to explore the challenges minority language parents may encounter with decisions related to heritage language retention through community-based heritage language programs in a Canadian Chinese diaspora community. Five parent participants were recruited based on their diverse geographical and linguistic backgrounds. From interviews with these parents five themes emerged. These are 1) the nature of parental expectations regarding the function of heritage education, 2) the differences between heritage education and mainstream education, 3) varying perceptions of being part of a cultural minority, 4) manners of negotiating ethnic identity, and 5) the issue of diaspora values. The findings may shed light on how heritage education may be further developed, and also provide educators and policy makers with a better understanding of the importance of heritage education from the parents’ perspective.

This study examines perceptions of 12 full-time non-tenure track faculty members about their professional and academic selves in a research-intensive university. A phenomenological approach is used to gain insight into the complexities of the experience of being a full-time faculty member, off the tenure-track, whose primary responsibility is teaching within a research-intensive institution. The notion of tenurestream as the only desired path to being an academic is challenged by these faculty members’ understanding of their identities. This researcher considers how professional identities may be understood and suggests that the meanings and values these faculty members attach to their professional roles may be embedded in their perceptions of how their role fits within the department. Throughout this qualitative inquiry, the perspectives of these faculty members are positioned as a primary source of data about the experience of being a full-time non-tenure track faculty member. By using a phenomenological approach and taking a constructivist perspective this researcher finds that extant theories that view this population through a deficit model are inaccurate. Additionally, essentialist and homogenizing descriptions of this population are also found to be insufficient. A qualitative analysis suggests the viability of an alternative description of this population, one which reflects the nuanced view of professional identity these participants expressed. Based on structural categories adapted from Martin’s (2002) three perspective view of organizational culture, their perceptions are categorized according to the congruence expressed between their social identity and their professional role. Perceptions shared about their departmental culture are similarly categorized which provides insight about the influence of policies, practices, and collegial interactions on professional lives.

I Sverige drabbas varje år ca 200-250 barn och ungdomar av sjukdomen juvenil idiopatisk artrit (JIA). JIA är en av de vanligaste orsakerna till kortvarig och långvarig funktionsnedsättning och försämring av livskvalitet under barnaåren. Hela familjen påverkas när en familjemedlem blir sjuk. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att belysa hur en långvarig sjukdom som JIA upplevs av barn, ungdomar och deras familjer. Metod: Metoden som användes var en allmän litteraturöversikt. Totalt inkluderades 7 kvantitativa och 5 kvalitativa artiklar. Resultat: Vid analysen identifierades ett huvudtema upplevelser av att vara annorlunda. Resultatet visar att upplevelserna av att leva med JIA är mycket individuella men gemensamt för många av familjerna är en känsla av att vara annorlunda. Konklusion: När ett barn eller ungdom drabbas av en långvarig sjukdom påverkas hela familjen. Livssituationen förändras, även föräldrarnas och syskonens livsvärld blir förändrad. Varje barn och ungdom som drabbas av sjukdomen JIA är unik och har sin egen livsvärld. Som sjuksköterska är det betydelsefullt att se hela individen och involvera dess familj i omvårdnaden. / In Sweden 200-250 children and youths are affected with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) every year. JIA is one of the most common causes of short-term and long-term disability and impairment of quality of life during childhood. The entire family is affected when a family member becomes ill. Aim: The aim with this study was to illustrate how a prolonged disease as JIA is experienced by children, youths and their families. Method: The method used was a general literature overview. In total 7 quantitative and 5 qualitative articles. Result: During analysis one main themes were identified. This was experiences of being different. The result showed that the experiences of living with JIA is individual but common for many of the families is a sense of being different. Conclusion: When a child or youth is struck by protracted disease, this also affects family members. The life situation is affected, and also the life situation for parents, brothers and sisters is changed. Every child and youth who is affected by JIA is unique, and has its own reality. As a nurse it is meaningful to see the entire individual, and to involve its family in to the nursing.

An abundance of research exists on youth at risk of school failure; however, in-depth qualitative studies that examine the perspectives of youth in Canadian schools are limited (Thiessen & Cook-Sather, 2007). In the spring of 2014, 12 youth from alternative schools and special programs, in one Saskatchewan urban setting, were interviewed. Rich qualitative data was gleaned from interviews to understand: What factors are most relevant to the success or failure in school for youth at risk? The term, at risk was defined for the purpose of this study based on attendance in an alternative school or special program verses a mainstream school. Alternative schools and special programs are designed to support youth struggling with a variety of issues that can stand in the way of school completion. These schools and programs support youth with a variety of concerns, including, but not limited to: truancy, behaviour, mental health, addictions, and other risk enhancing factors that exist in student’s personal lives (Cuddapah, Masci, Smallwood, & Holland, 2008; McCann & Austin, 1988). The participants in this study reflected on their needs, shared their school experiences, and made suggestions. Through an analysis of the interviews eight factors emerged as being relevant to success or failure in school: teachers, the work, relationships to staff in schools, supports in the school, school and classroom environment, peers, mental health and addictions, and transitions. Based on the eight factors, suggestions are made for schools to support the needs of those most at risk of school failure.

Bakalauro baigiamajame darbe nagrinėjamas pieno perdirbimo įmonės AB „Sūrelis“ veiklos efektyvumas. Pirmoji tiriamojo darbo dalis – tai teorinė lietuvių ir užsienio literatūros autorių veiklos efektyvumo sampratos analizė, kurios metu lyginamos, gretinamos įvairių autorių pateiktos efektyvumo sąvokos apibrėžtys, nagrinėjami įmonės veiklos efektyvumo vertinimo principai, apibrėžiama įmonės veiklos efektyvumo vertinimo metodologija. Bakalauro empirinėje dalyje, analizuojant finansines ataskaitas horizontalios, vertikalios analizės būdu, įvertinant įvairias finansinių santykinių rodiklių grupes, tiriamas 2003 – 2013 m. laikotarpio AB „Sūrelis“ veiklos efektyvumas. Koreliacine regresine analize patikriniamas ryšys tarp pagrindinių vidinių įmonės veiksnių, analizuojamu laikotarpiu, galėjusių lemti veiklos efektyvumo lygį. Multiplikatyviniu modeliu nustatomas pieno perdirbimo įmonės plėtros pobūdis, modeliuojama intensyvios plėtros perspektyva. Pagal AB „Sūrelis“ veiklos rodiklių retrospektyvinius duomenis, Tiesinio Trendo, eksponentinio išlyginimo, slankiojo vidurkio modeliais prognozuojami 2014 – 2015 m. pagrindiniai įmonės finansinės veiklos rodikliai. Modeliuojamas geriausios ir blogiausios 2003 – 2013 m. laikotarpiu susiklosčiusios bendrojo pelningumo situacijos pritaikymas 2014 m., imituojant optimistines ir pesimistines rodiklių reikšmes. Pasitelkiant bankroto prognozavimo modelius (Altman, Lis, Taffler ir Tisshaw, Springate), vertinamas AB „Sūrelis“ veiklos tęstinumas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Bachelor thesis deals with the efficiency of activity of the milk processing plant JSC „Sūrelis“. The first part of the research provides the theoretical analysis of the concept of efficiency investigated by Lithuanian and foreign literature authors. It also deals with comparisons of definition of efficiency given by various authors. Moreover, it examines the valuation principles of company’s operational efficiency. Furthermore, company’s operational efficiency of the assessment methodology is defined. The empirical part of the bachelor thesis examines the operational efficiency of JSC „Sūrelis“ for the period of 2003 – 2013 by analysing financial statements. Horizontal and vertical methods of analysis have been used and various financial relative indexes have been evaluated. Correlation regression analysis was used to test the relationship between the main internal company factors during the analysed period, which may have influenced the level of operational efficiency. Multiplicative model helped to determine the nature of development of milk processing plant and to model the perspective of intensive development. With the help of JSC „Sūrelis“ operations’ indexes retrospective data, linear trend, exponential equation and moving average model, the main company’s financial operations indexes were prognosticated for 2014 – 2015. Moreover, the best and the worst appeared profitability situation’s adaptation was modelled during the period of 2003 – 2013 as imitation of the... [to full text]

This dissertation examines some structural and cultural problems that can contribute to the problem of underachievement facing Black, male students in the educational system. A phenomenological approach was used to gain the perspectives of six Black, male educators on this problem. Underachievement problems for these students have garnered much interest in the research literature and in pedagogical debates. It is a problem with a long history from the Royal Commission on Learning (1993) to TDSB Urban Diversity Strategy (2008) the problem continues to baffle educators. Data also presents a dismal picture, with 40% from this group underachieving. Black, male teachers‟ perspectives are significant because presently their voices are limited in the literature. Their perspectives are also influenced by race, ethnicity and gender, and these are issues that impact on the problem being investigated. The main questions of the study are: - What are some Black male educators' perspectives of the role of structural and cultural factors that contribute to the problem of underachievement and school failure for Black, male students? Were these the same barriers they faced and how did they overcome these barriers as students? - How might the narratives of these Black male educators both challenge and support multicultural approach to curriculum that purports to particularly address the problems facing Black, male students? The result of the research indicates that there are structural and cultural factors that can cause underachievement problems for Black, male students. It suggests that an iii integrated approach which acknowledges the influence of both structure and culture could be used as a means for improving learning outcomes for this group of earners.

This dissertation examines some structural and cultural problems that can contribute to the problem of underachievement facing Black, male students in the educational system. A phenomenological approach was used to gain the perspectives of six Black, male educators on this problem. Underachievement problems for these students have garnered much interest in the research literature and in pedagogical debates. It is a problem with a long history from the Royal Commission on Learning (1993) to TDSB Urban Diversity Strategy (2008) the problem continues to baffle educators. Data also presents a dismal picture, with 40% from this group underachieving. Black, male teachers‟ perspectives are significant because presently their voices are limited in the literature. Their perspectives are also influenced by race, ethnicity and gender, and these are issues that impact on the problem being investigated. The main questions of the study are: - What are some Black male educators' perspectives of the role of structural and cultural factors that contribute to the problem of underachievement and school failure for Black, male students? Were these the same barriers they faced and how did they overcome these barriers as students? - How might the narratives of these Black male educators both challenge and support multicultural approach to curriculum that purports to particularly address the problems facing Black, male students? The result of the research indicates that there are structural and cultural factors that can cause underachievement problems for Black, male students. It suggests that an iii integrated approach which acknowledges the influence of both structure and culture could be used as a means for improving learning outcomes for this group of earners.

This study is an attempt at consolidating in a single source the inclusive history of the development of Afrikaans since 1652, as well as the various perspectives on the origins of Afrikaans put forward from the eighteenth to the twenty-first century. As a consequence of sociopolitical circumstances in South Africa, the various role-players involved in the origins and development of Afrikaans have not all been adequately taken account of in the description of the history of the Afrikaans language. This has contributed to the prevalence of inaccurate perceptions about the origins of Afrikaans. Amongst others, these misperceptions have let to the teaching of the history of Afrikaanspredominantly focusing on the (white) historical Eastern variety and on standard Afrikaans, minimising the existence of any possible Creole influences on the language. For purposes of this study, the inclusive history of the development of Afrikaans since 1652 was rewritten in order to take account of the influence of all the role players (the Europeans from the West, the indigenous Koina from Africa, and the slaves brought from Asia) on the origins and development of Afrikaans. A further aim of this rewriting was to evaluate and consolidate, chronologically, the approximately 40 perspectives on the origins of Afrikaans against the background of the socio-political milieu within which these perspectives developed. Some aspects of this rewritten history of Afrikaans were taught by means of a series of lessons to learners in regions representative of areas where sub-varieties of the three historical Afrikaans varieties are spoken and heard. The aim was to determine whether series of lessons, similar to the one used in this study, could be regarded (and recommended) as an appropriate presentation method to disseminate the inclusive history of the development of Afrikaans among the school-going youth. Knowledge of and insight in the inclusive history of the development of Afrikaans may contribute to the process of reconciliation in South Africa, because this history suggests that Afrikaans is the collective creation of Afrikaans-speaking citizens' ancestors: Europeans from the West, indigenous Koina from Africa, and slaves brought from the East. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Afrikaans en Nederlands)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

During services of the Reformed Churches of South Africa (RCSA), certain psalms and Biblical hymns are used frequently, while others are almost never used. The objective of this study is to determine how the Psalter of 2003 can be used optimally. The model of Zerfass is used for the investigation. The final results of the study are presented in the form of a model that can enrich the optimal use of the Psalter 2003 as means of communication in the liturgy of the RCSA. In Chapters 2 and 3, a basic-theoretical investigation is conducted, with reference to perspectives from Scripture and history. The investigation reveals that music and songs had already played an important role in the church of the Old Testament, and that the Psalms had had a significant influence on the liturgy and the faith. In the New Testament, new hymns are found that supplement those from the Old Testament. The form in which these hymns were composed, was closely connected to the context whence these songs arose. The communication that a hymn effects, is achieved jointly by word and music, in the church of the New Testament and subsequently. Since the Reformation, a degree of separation arose between the songs used in the church and outside, but mutual influences are observed. In Chapters 4 and 5, attention is paid to metatheoretical perspectives, first in communication science, then in hymnology. It is in their singing that the congregation participates in the worship of a church service. Such singing is indeed the basic form of participation, which promotes communication among members of the congregation. In judging a metrical version of a Psalm, attention should especially be paid to the content, style of the text and the melody. In the empirical investigation, qualitative and quantitative methods are used. The investigation proceeds in three phases. In the first phase, information is obtained about the hymns that were sung in a number of congregations in the course of a year. In the second phase, a questionnaire was set and sent to ministers, organists and members of congregations. In the final phase, interviews were conducted with ministers and organists from five congregations. The data show that the hymn occupies an important place in the liturgy. However, the investigation reveals that this point of departure is not fully realised in practice, and some shortcomings are identified. In particular, there is a need for extension of the hymnody, especially by hymns from the New Testament. In Chapter 7, an indication is given of the factors that constrain the optimal use of the Psalter 2003 as means of worship in the church service. The most important problems are: • the incomplete utilisation of the full collection of hymns in the Psalter, • the underuse of the 2001 metrical version, • the repeated use of a small subset of hymns, • problems with the melodies and liturgical usefulness, • limitations in the training of ministers and organists, • resistance to the 2001 metrical version, • a lack of proper programmes to practice the new hymns, and • inadequate support and encouragement by church councils in respect of improving the skills of organists. In view of these problems, a model is proposed, which identifies the relationships among the role players / elements necessary to promote worshipping through singing: • the users of the Psalter 2001, viz. Ministers, organists and members of the congregations, together with the role of the church council, • the Psalter 2003 as hymn book, and • the possible extension of the current corpus of hymns. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Liturgics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.