Tillverkning av en alkoholhaltig dryck studerades i Indien och prover av dryckenoch tibetansk jäst (phab) togs med till Sverige. Proverna odlades i buljongoch på agarplattor. De förekommande mikroorganismerna isolerades och undersöktes avseende deras amylolytiska aktivitet. Två amylolytiska bakteriearter,B. subtilis och B. cereus, samt två icke amylolytiska jästarter, P. anomalaoch C. lusitaniae isolerades. Tibetansk öl (chang) undersöktes kromatogra skt med avseende på innehåll av alkoholer och yktiga karboxylsyror.Etanolkoncentrationen var 56;5 g=l, ättiksyrakoncentrationen 0;55 g=l och glycerolkoncentrationen4;5 g=l.

Many studies in the literature have shown the importance of phonological skills in the development of literacy, particularly in reading. The literacy difficulties evident in both languages; Standard Malay and English, is a concern in schools which requires systematic and appropriate assessment to identify children with poor phonological skills. In this study, the Phonological Assessment Battery (PhAB) was analysed to determine the extent it can be used with Malay speakers. It was developed, validated and tested for its reliability for the purpose of assessing phonological awareness. The modification of PhAB consisted of seven subtests translated to standard Malay (L2): Alliteration, Naming Speed, Rhyme, Spoonerisms, Fluency, Non-word Reading and Supplementary Alliteration. The three types of validity used in this study found that the modified PhAB is a valid tool to measure phonological awareness. The test-retest reliability showed that the modified PhAB is a useful tool for teachers and psychologists in Brunei and other countries where Malay is spoken. The MPhAB provides a basis for future intervention to improve reading difficulties amongst Bruneian children.