Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:38:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JordanaCBC.pdf: 419803 bytes, checksum: b8b791ff1f7f1722f8e04800363d886f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-19 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This research has resulted of investigations appeared from our work experience as psychologist in a prison of the state Rio Grande do Norte. It deals with the meeting with prisoner in the search for the rescue of the human being dignity, discovering the being that finds annulled by backwards of the prison. The current debate on the prisoners in Brazil has as focus the creation of efficient strategies in the combat to the criminal acts, not being worried in understanding the historical and social conditions in the context in which such acts develop. Our objective was to reach an understanding of the experience of the prisoner in the situation of freedom deprivation in Natal (RN) city. Its significant social relevance meets in emphasized thematic which intends to be revealing of the not-said one of these citizens. The epistemological space and the vision of adopted human being support in the humanist ideas of the Centered Approach in the Person and construct self, central nucleus of the personality theory proposal by Carl Rogers. We opt to the phenomenological method as way of access to the singularity of the experience of each one of the participants, supporting us in the strategy of the narrative as expression of the lived world. The results had pointed that the investigated experience is through suffering, that is, the way to be in the world of prisoner in the situation of freedom deprivation is felt by him/her as difficult to support. This reality is had by him/her as difficult to control, having a negative emotional repercussion for the self, leading the citizen to the alienation of his/her existential flow in these circumstances. The reflections produced in this work take us to consider that the punishment practices on behalf of a normalization of the behavior, linked to the recovery idea, do not meet to the intention of the arrests, that come demonstrating to the inefficacy of the objectives shown in the law as well as the loss of the human being dignity / Esta pesquisa resultou de indaga??es surgidas a partir de nossa experi?ncia de trabalho como psic?loga numa institui??o penitenci?ria do estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Trata do encontro com o apenado na busca pelo resgate da dignidade humana, desvelando o ser que se encontra anulado por tr?s das grades. O debate atual sobre o apenado no Brasil tem como foco a cria??o de estrat?gias eficientes no combate aos atos criminosos, n?o estando preocupado em compreender as condi??es sociais e hist?ricas presentes no contexto no qual tais atos se desenvolvem. Nosso objetivo foi alcan?ar uma compreens?o da experi?ncia do apenado na situa??o de priva??o de liberdade na cidade de Natal (RN). Sua significativa relev?ncia social encontra-se na tem?tica abordada que pretende ser reveladora do n?o-dito desses sujeitos. O espa?o epistemol?gico e a vis?o de ser humano adotados ap?iam-se nas id?ias humanistas da Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa e no constructo self, n?cleo central da teoria de personalidade proposta por Carl Rogers. Optamos pelo m?todo fenomenol?gico como via de acesso ? singularidade da experi?ncia de cada um dos participantes, apoiando-nos na estrat?gia da narrativa como express?o do mundo vivido. Os resultados apontaram que a experi?ncia investigada ? de sofrimento, ou seja, que o modo de estar no mundo do apenado na situa??o de priva??o de liberdade ? sentido por ele como dif?cil de suportar. Essa realidade ? tida por ele como dif?cil de controlar, tendo uma repercuss?o emocional negativa para o self, conduzindo o sujeito ? aliena??o de seu fluxo vivencial nestas circunst?ncias. As reflex?es produzidas neste trabalho nos levam a considerar que as pr?ticas de puni??o em nome de uma normaliza??o da conduta, ligada ? id?ia de recupera??o, n?o atendem o prop?sito das pris?es, que v?m demonstrando a inefic?cia dos objetivos positivados na Lei bem como a perda da dignidade humana

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:38:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaKSA.pdf: 312843 bytes, checksum: 0cd445a1b328a584a7eba502f9efc6aa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-11-10 / Suicide rates have been rising all over the world. In Rio Grande do Norte state, a study carried out by Dutra (1999) investigated suicide rates among youngsters and found that in 1997 alone 244 cases of suicide attempt were registered. The author took an interest in studying this phenomenon among adolescents after reviewing Dutra s study and the technical literature on suicide. In addition to that, another topic caught her attention and raised new research questions: suicide attempts motivated by love, i.e., the end of a relationship, the fantasy of being abandoned by a partner. These have made the author to question how love manifested itself among adolescents and how it could become a reason for adolescents to give up their lives. Based on the data she analyzed and the research questions she developed, her research objective was to understand how adolescents who have attempted suicide because of love-related reasons have gone through this experience. The theoretical reference for the research was the Client-centered Therapy and more specifically, the construct self , according to Carl Rogers. The methodological strategy was inspired by the existential-phenomenological strategy. It used the narrative as a research instrument, inspired by the work of Walter Benjamim (1994) which was developed into a research strategy by Schmidt (1990). Four youngsters (three male and one female) have participated in this study. They have attempted suicide for love-related reasons during dolescence, when they were 12 to 18 years old. The interviews were recorded on cassette tapes, transcribed and literalized into narratives. The understanding of the narratives was based on the meanings that emerged from the youngsters speeches, as well as from the moments that touched the author. These moments highlighted the meaning of the experience of giving up life and the experience of love-based relationship as experienced by the youngsters. The study detected, among the adolescents who were interviewed, the existence of impulsiveness related to the suicide attempt. Also, the majority of the interviewees came from unstructured family backgrounds and had lost of one of their parents or had to face their parents divorce. The suicide was attempted by these youngsters through the ingestion of medicines. The research also revealed that the youngsters had regretted attempting suicide and felt guilty about it. With regards to their self-evaluation, the author observed that the youngsters had low self-esteem, negative perceptions about themselves and distorted views of themselves. These findings helped the author to reflect on the close relationship between the construct self and the suicide attempt. She also observed that a few factors, i.e., family context, education, social and cultural values, have influenced the way the youngsters perceived themselves . The results of this research confirm the idea that we have to understand the suicide attempt as a multi-determined phenomenon. This study contributed to the analysis and reflection on the factors that contribute to suicide attempts thus providing a foundation for the development of public health programs and policies to deal with this topic / Os ?ndices de suic?dio t?m crescido em todo o mundo. No Rio Grande do Norte, Dutra (1999), em estudo que verificava o ?ndice de tentativa de suic?dio entre jovens, constatou que somente no ano de 1997 houve 244 casos de tentativa de suic?dio. Tais dados, associados ? leitura de artigos e de estudiosos do suic?dio nos chamaram a aten??o para o estudo de tal fen?meno na adolesc?ncia. Al?m deste, um outro ponto passou a provocar questionamentos: a tentativa de suic?dio relacionada ? motivos amorosos o fim de um relacionamento amoroso ou a fantasia de abandono do parceiro , nos fez pensar acerca da forma como o amor se expressa entre os adolescentes, podendo tornar-se um motivo ou raz?o para que se desista de viver. Com base nesses dados e questionamentos, o nosso objetivo nesta pesquisa consistiu em compreender como adolescentes que tentaram suic?dio por quest?es amorosas vivenciaram essa experi?ncia. Para tanto, adotamos como referencial te?rico a Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa e, mais especificamente, o construto self, segundo o pensamento de Carl Rogers. A estrat?gia metodol?gica utilizada teve inspira??o fenomenol?gico-existencial, utilizando-se como instrumento de pesquisa a narrativa, inspirada em Walter Benjamim (1994) e desenvolvida como estrat?gia de pesquisa por Schmidt (1990). Participaram do presente estudo quatro jovens (tr?s do sexo feminino e um do sexo masculino), que tentaram suic?dio devido a quest?es amorosas, durante a adolesc?ncia, quando tinham entre 12 e 18 anos. As entrevistas foram gravadas em fitas cassete, transcritas e, posteriormente, literalizadas em forma de narrativas. A compreens?o das narrativas teve como base os sentidos que emergiram da fala dos jovens, bem como os momentos que nos afetaram, indicando o sentido da experi?ncia da desist?ncia de viver, e a experi?ncia da rela??o amorosa tal como vivenciada por eles. O estudo evidenciou, dentre muitos aspectos, entre os adolescentes estudados, a presen?a de impulsividade com rela??o ao ato suicida; o fato de que estes jovens eram provenientes de fam?lias com perdas parentais ou separa??o dos pais. A tentativa de suic?dio foi cometida pelos jovens atrav?s da ingest?o de medicamentos; observamos tamb?m a express?o de culpa ou arrependimento ap?s a tentativa de auto-exterm?nio. Em rela??o ao autoconceito desses jovens, observamos a presen?a de baixa auto-estima, atribui??es negativas sobre si mesmos, vis?es distorcidas de si, o que nos permitiu refletir sobre a estreita rela??o entre o construto self e a tentativa de suic?dio. Percebemos que fatores como o contexto familiar, a educa??o, os valores cultivados socialmente e os aspectos culturais de nossa sociedade influenciaram a maneira como os adolescentes de nossa pesquisa se percebiam. Os resultados confirmam a id?ia de que devemos perceber a tentativa de suic?dio como um fen?meno multideterminado. O estudo realizado favoreceu a reflex?o acerca dos resultados, contribuindo, assim, para o desenvolvimento de a??es preventivas, podendo se constituir em subs?dios para programas e pol?ticas de sa?de p?blica

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:38:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SynaraLRB_DISSERT.pdf: 752371 bytes, checksum: 1713774d9379e7817a2364d49164a871 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-23 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The depression is one of the most common forms of getting ill nowaday. Due to the increase in incidence of depression cases registered worldwide, this theme has been the subject of important studies, especially regarding the symptomatological description and biological etiology of the disease. This research had the objective to understand the unique experience of depression experienced by people who recognize themselves in depression, under the focus of existential phenomenology of Martin Heidegger. To reach the proposed objective, individuals narratives interviews were conducted with four participants, starting from the triggering question, "from your experience, how is for you to being depressed?". The survey revealed that depression affects the whole person and is related to stressful life contexts. Depression was narrated as an experience of disempowerment and lack of self esteem and personal worth. The collaborators of the research referred to the depression from sad, angry, bored and pessimistic mood. The time is experienced as a restriction to the projective opening towards the possibilities of being in which the future is seen as catastrophic and the past lived as debt and guilt. The corporeality, in depression is experienced through the weight, fatigue and pains for no reason. The space is lived from the notion of fall and collapse. We also realized the desire for isolation and avoidance of social contact. Suicide is desired and represents the end of the suffering in life. The depression has proved, still, very stigmatized, because it is discredited and misunderstood. The stigma also addressed to the experience of hospitalization and the unsuitability to the socially imposed standards of beauty, which generates enough suffering to the depressed person. The medication was described based on its positive effects, as a balance and suffering reducer, but also as a producer of dependence. Were also identified according to the collaborators, traces of selfdemand, ordenality and being-for-others, characteristic of typus melancholicus. This study contributes to an understanding of the depression that goes beyond the merely biological perspective and symptomatology of the pathology. The investigation of the depressive experience, through the lens of Heidegger's phenomenology, showed us the phenomenon of the depression in their singularity, complexity and multiple meanings, showing the close relationship between the formation of the depression and the context of personal and social life of the participants / A depress?o ? um dos modos de adoecimento mais comuns na atualidade. Devido ao aumento na incid?ncia de casos de depress?o registrados em todo o mundo, este tema tem sido objeto de importantes estudos, especialmente, no tocante ? descri??o sintomatol?gica e etiologia biol?gica da doen?a. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender a experi?ncia singular de depress?o vivida por pessoas que se reconhecem em depress?o, sob o enfoque da fenomenologia-existencial de Martin Heidegger. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, foram realizadas entrevistas-narrativas individuais com quatro participantes, partindo da quest?o disparadora: a partir de sua experi?ncia, como ?, para voc?, estar em depress?o? . A pesquisa revelou que a depress?o afeta a pessoa em sua totalidade e se relaciona a contextos de vida estressantes. A depress?o foi narrada como uma experi?ncia de despotencializa??o e de falta de autoestima e de valor pessoal. Os colaboradores da pesquisa se referiram ? depress?o a partir do humor triste, irritado, entediado e pessimista. O tempo ? vivido como restri??o da abertura projetiva em dire??o ?s possibilidades de ser, em que o futuro ? visto como catastr?fico e o passado vivido como d?bito e culpa. A corporeidade, na depress?o, ? experienciada por meio do peso, do cansa?o e de dores sem motivo. O espa?o ? vivido a partir da no??o de queda e de afundamento. Tamb?m percebemos o desejo pelo isolamento e a evita??o de contato social. O suic?dio ? desejado e representa o fim do sofrimento em vida. A depress?o se mostrou, ainda, muito estigmatizada, pois ? desacreditada e incompreendida. O estigma tamb?m se dirigiu ? viv?ncia de hospitaliza??o e pela n?o adequa??o aos padr?es de beleza institu?dos socialmente, o que gera bastante sofrimento ? pessoa em depress?o. A medica??o foi descrita a partir de seus efeitos positivos, como um equil?brio e atenuador do sofrimento, mas tamb?m como gerador de depend?ncia. Tamb?m foram identificados, na fala dos colaboradores, tra?os de auto-exig?ncia, ordenalidade e ser-por-outrem, caracter?sticos do typus melancholicus. Este estudo contribui para uma compreens?o da depress?o que transcende a perspectiva unicamente biol?gica e sintomatol?gica da patologia. A investiga??o da experi?ncia depressiva, sob a lente da fenomenologia heideggeriana, nos relevou o fen?meno da depress?o em sua singularidade, complexidade e m?ltiplos sentidos, mostrando a ?ntima rela??o entre a constitui??o da depress?o e o contexto de vida pessoal e social dos participantes

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:39:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnnaVPMM_DISSERT.pdf: 1711640 bytes, checksum: 3bc464f995fcfef467668a79f0dbba8c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-03 / Death is a theme that fascinates, though at the same time, frightens and uneasy the human being, despite the finitude being present at our daily lives. In each historical time, death has been represented in a peculiar way, from familiar death (at Middle Ages), to interdicted death (at contemporary times). Through this path it‟s possible to recognize several attitudes and stages front of death and the process of dying as possibilities of coping and the understanding of these occurrences. In other hand, the palliative care proposal came as a humanized attention, front of the human finitude, recognizing death as a part of the vital cycle. The Brazilian reality, in this context, still faces a lot of political, economic and social barriers that makes difficult the consolidation of palliative care at the death process in the Brazilian Health Care policies. Currently, according to the Brazilian Palliative Care Association, Brazil presents an average of 40 services with this proposal. Such data portray our inexpressive condition in relation to these cares when considering the territorial extension and population of our country. Considering this scenario is relevant think about death and the process of dying at contemporary times, at a health context in which palliative care, when trying to humanize the process of dying, bring to light the issue of human finitude and the beingtowards- death, as thought by the philosopher Martin Heidegger. According to him, the human being (Dasein) is constituted as a being-towards-death, once death is its most own potentiality-for-bein and its last possibility to be lived. In view of the ideas presented, the proposed study appears as a qualitative research of existential-phenomenological inspiration and aims to understand the experience of being-toward-death from the psychological care to a person out of possibilities of cure living on palliative cares. The psychological care happened at the patient‟s home, understanding the clinical process of being-with-the-other from the written reports of the psychology/researcher, by the accompanying sessions, configured as an experience report. These reports are focused on the experiences lived by the patient, as well as apprehended by the psychologist at the intersubjectivity relation and its own experience with Dasein and, therefore, being-toward-death. The reports were hermeneutically interpreted, from the senses that emerged in this process, considering the notion of being-toward-death proposed by Heidegger. Furthermore, it was important to dialogue with other authors that approached the studied theme. It is perceived, through brief and meaningful reflections about the clinical treatments started, that the experience of illness with no possibilities of cure makes the Dasein revises feelings and experiences that were marked at the temporality and historicity of existence. It is a stage of life in which the cultural dimension and the common sense of finitude, often gains ground in the human condition, taken in its ordinary sense, unlike the way it has been thought from an ontological and existential perspective of death. Thus, there are singulars and revealing paths in the palliative care scenery as possible ways for authenticity of being-toward-death / A morte ? um tema que fascina, mas que ao mesmo tempo assusta e inquieta o ser humano, embora a finitude esteja sempre presente no nosso dia-a-dia. Em cada tempo hist?rico, a morte foi representada de modo peculiar, desde a morte familiar, na Idade M?dia, ? morte interditada, na contemporaneidade. Nesse percurso, s?o reconhecidas as diversas atitudes e est?gios diante da morte e o processo de morrer como possibilidades de enfrentamento e compreens?o destas ocorr?ncias. Por outro lado, a proposta de cuidados paliativos surgiu como uma aten??o humanizada diante da finitude humana, reconhecendo a morte como parte do ciclo vital. A realidade brasileira, nesse contexto, ainda vivencia muitos entraves pol?ticos, econ?micos e sociais que dificultam a consolida??o dos cuidados paliativos perante o processo de morrer na pol?tica da Sa?de Brasileira. Atualmente, segundo a Associa??o Brasileira de Cuidados Paliativos, o Brasil apresenta, em m?dia, 40 servi?os com essa proposta. Tais dados retratam a nossa condi??o inexpressiva, em rela??o a esses cuidados, se levarmos em considera??o a extens?o territorial e a popula??o do nosso pa?s. Diante desse cen?rio ? pertinente refletir acerca da morte e o processo de morrer na contemporaneidade, num contexto de sa?de em que os cuidados paliativos, ao tentarem humanizar o processo de morrer, trazem ? tona a quest?o da finitude humana e o ser-para-morte, tal como pensado pelo fil?sofo Martin Heidegger. Segundo este, o ser humano, Dasein, se constitui como um serpara- morte, uma vez que a morte ? o seu poder-ser mais pr?prio e a sua ?ltima possibilidade a ser vivida. Em face das ideias apresentadas, o estudo proposto configura-se como uma pesquisa qualitativa de inspira??o fenomenol?gico-existencial e tem como objetivo compreender a viv?ncia de ser-para-a-morte a partir do atendimento psicol?gico a uma pessoa fora de possibilidades de cura vivenciando os cuidados paliativos. O atendimento psicol?gico foi desenvolvido em domic?lio a um paciente que se encontrava nessas condi??es, compreendendo o processo cl?nico de ser-com-o-outro a partir dos relatos escritos da psic?loga/pesquisadora, por meio das sess?es de acompanhamento, configurando-se como relato de experi?ncia. Estes focalizam a experi?ncia vivida pelo paciente, tal como apreendida pela psic?loga na rela??o de intersubjetividades e a sua pr?pria experi?ncia como Dasein e, portanto, ser-para-a-morte. Os relatos foram interpretados hermeneuticamente, a partir dos sentidos que emergiram nesse processo, considerando a no??o de ser-para-a-morte proposta por Heidegger. Al?m disso, foi importante dialogar com os outros autores que abordam a tem?tica estudada. Pode-se perceber, atrav?s de breves e significativas reflex?es acerca dos atendimentos cl?nicos iniciados, que a viv?ncia da doen?a sem possibilidades de cura proporciona ao Dasein reverem sentimentos e viv?ncias marcados na temporalidade e historicidade da exist?ncia. ? um est?gio da vida em que a dimens?o cultural e do senso comum da finitude, muitas vezes, ganha espa?o na condi??o humana, tomada no seu sentido vulgar, diferentemente da forma como tem sido pensada numa perspectiva ontol?gica e existencial da morte. Portanto, h? percursos singulares e reveladores no cen?rio da assist?ncia em cuidados paliativos como caminhos poss?veis para a autenticidade de ser-para-a-morte

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:39:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KaynellySM_DISSERT.pdf: 475039 bytes, checksum: c180b070240471cc44c3f1bb0582cd0f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-04 / O envolvimento de jovens com a viol?ncia nos ?ltimos anos, no Brasil, tem aumentado significativamente, bem como o n?mero de adolescentes cumprindo medidas socioeducativas com restri??o de liberdade. Entretanto, a literatura mostra a produ??o incipiente de estudos que abordam o jovem infrator a partir da sua pr?pria experi?ncia. Com base nessas evid?ncias, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender como adolescentes autores de atos infracionais experienciam a viol?ncia, sejam como agentes, espectadores ou v?timas, sob a ?tica da Anal?tica Existencial, de Martin Heidegger. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de inspira??o fenomenol?gico-hermen?utica, tendo sido utilizada a narrativa como recurso metodol?gico. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, com dois adolescentes de 16 e 17 anos, egressos de medida socioeducativa de restri??o de liberdade. A interpreta??o das narrativas foi feita a partir dos sentidos que emergiram na experi?ncia relatada e do di?logo entre algumas no??es heideggerianas como ser-no-mundo, cuidado e impessoalidade. Os relatos mostraram que a viol?ncia est? presente desde a inf?ncia desses adolescentes, tendo sido presenciada na pr?pria fam?lia. Para eles, o comportamento violento representa uma forma de impor respeito e admira??o. As experi?ncias podem ser interpretadas como uma express?o das rela??es entre o ser adolescente e o mundo que caracteriza o seu contexto de vida. Assim, as no??es de cuidado, no modo de ocupa??o, e impessoalidade, s?o vistas como presentes nas experi?ncias narradas. Por hora, o que apresentamos foi nossa compreens?o dessas experi?ncias ?nicas de ser adolescentes num contexto de viol?ncia, mostrando peculiaridades de duas crian?as que n?o queriam ser um problema social, mas lan?ados num mundo in?spito e cruel, na qual nos absorve para as tramas mais sutis de ser, misturando significa??es e sentidos num espectro fluido que ? o viver. Por fim, esperamos que esta pesquisa possa acrescentar n?o s? aos estudos sobre a viol?ncia de jovens, mas tamb?m ressaltar a import?ncia de se compreender a viol?ncia pelo olhar daqueles que a vivenciam

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:39:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarinaCS.pdf: 317816 bytes, checksum: 0bbabd1a1453039833b28576f9efab01 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-05-04 / The increasing search for the psychological attendance, express in the waiting list in the clinics, clinic-school and in the private clinics, beyond the increase of the choice of psychology as professional career among the pre-college students, allows us to reflect about the place that is occupied by the Psychology, nowadays. The main focus of this study is the clinical Psychology, an area of psychology. The interest in to deepen the reflection regarding of the place that the psychologist and his acting had been assumed in our society, emerged from our own actuation as clinical psychologist. Reflections concerning the suffering of man of our time, accompanying our inquietude while researcher and made us question about the actuation of clinical psychology, nowadays. This research aimed to understand how the clinical psychologists perceive their practice, attempting to get appointments regarding of what is to be clinical psychologist in contemporaneity, more specifically, in the face of the psychic suffering. Based on a phenomenological perspective of research were accomplished semi-structured interviews and a discussion group with clinical psychologists. From the obtained results, we arrived to the following conclusions: a) the most of participants considered the academic formation of the psychologist insufficient and far from social reality; b) the speeches revealed that there is still a relation between the practice of clinical psychologist and the medical model of attendance. Nevertheless, was observed a change in the new psychologists conception of clinic, but is still in development; c) in the most of speeches, we founded consensus about the idea of that the social context which the contemporaneous world lives, had generated new demands of suffering; d) the clinical listening is considered the specificity of the clinical psychologist. We believe that this study had been contributed to fomenting the discussion about the academic formation of clinical psychologist and, the concepts and models of clinic that now base the actuation of the professionals that are inserted on the work market / A crescente busca pelos servi?os de Psicologia, expressa nas listas de espera nos postos de sa?de, cl?nicas-escolas e em cl?nicas particulares, al?m do aumento da escolha da Psicologia como ?rea profissional entre os vestibulandos, permite-nos tecer reflex?es sobre o lugar atualmente ocupado pela Psicologia. A Psicologia cl?nica, uma das representantes das ?reas da Psicologia, ? o foco de maior aten??o nesse estudo. O interesse em aprofundar a reflex?o a respeito do espa?o que o psic?logo e sua atua??o vem tomando na sociedade atual, surgiu da nossa pr?pria atua??o como psic?loga cl?nica. Reflex?es sobre como, e do que sofre o homem hoje, acompanharam nossa inquieta??o como pesquisadora e nos fez questionar a atua??o da Psicologia cl?nica atualmente. Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo buscar compreender como os psic?logos cl?nicos v?em a sua pr?tica cl?nica, na tentativa de levantar apontamentos do que ? ser psic?logo cl?nico, diante do sofrimento ps?quico, na contemporaneidade. Atrav?s da perspectiva fenomenol?gica de pesquisa, foram realizadas entrevistas semi-dirigidas e um grupo de discuss?o com psic?logos cl?nicos resultando as seguintes conclus?es: a) Para a maioria dos participantes a forma??o do psic?logo ? vista como insuficiente e distante da realidade social; b) Os discursos revelam ainda haver uma rela??o da pr?tica do psic?logo cl?nico com o modelo m?dico de atendimento. No entanto, foi apontada uma mudan?a de concep??o do conceito de cl?nica a partir da compreens?o dos novos psic?logos e que est? em processo de desenvolvimento; c) Encontramos, na maioria das falas, consenso na id?ia de que o contexto social vivido no mundo contempor?neo tem gerado novas demandas de sofrimento; d) A escuta cl?nica ? considerada a especificidade do psic?logo cl?nico. Acreditamos que este estudo tenha contribu?do para fomentar a discuss?o sobre a forma??o do psic?logo e sobre os conceitos e modelos de cl?nica que ora baseiam a atua??o dos profissionais que est?o inseridos no mercado

<p><font face="Times New Roman">This study explored the lived experience of spouses living with depressed partners. A qualitative phenomenological,&nbsp / exploratory study design was used to explore the lived experience of the spouses, identifying the coping strategies and challenges that they face as they live with the depressed partners. A purposive sample of seven spouses living with their depressed partners who were being treated in outpatient department were recruited to participate in the study.</font></p> <p align="left">In-depth, face-to-face interviews were conducted, audiotaped with the participants&rsquo / permission and transcribed verbatim. The data from the transcripts, field notes, and demographic questionnaires was organized ready for analysis. Thematic data analysis was used to code the data, and group the codes to form categories. The categories were further regrouped to form themes. The themes were conceptualized and contextualized to uncover the meaning that the spouse carers attached to the lived experience.</p> <p align="left">It emerged that most of the spouses described their partners and the relationship negatively due to the burden of care. The male carers as compared to the female carers expressed the negativity more and it impacted on the quality of care they were providing to the depressed partners. It was revealed that inadequate professional support was linked with the ineffective coping strategies employed by the spouse carers. Hence, most of the spouse carers presented with symptoms of depression and were at the stage of impoverishment according to the adaptive potential assessment model. A recommendation to involve spouse carers in the treatment plan and improve the support system to the spouse carers was made to the stakeholders of health service providers at the primary health level.</p>

L'interès actual per temes relacionats amb l'aprenentatge i el desenvolupament ciutadà no és accidental. El baix nivell d'"implicació" dels ciutadans fa tremolar les bases del sistema democràtic, i això és objecte de preocupació en diversos camps del coneixement. L'aprenentatge a través de la participació ciutadana està relacionat amb les ciències de l'Administració en diferents aspectes. L'aspecte de gestió es pot identificar en l'administració del propi govern; l'aspecte de l'aprenentatge organitzacional es troba en els estudis sobre les característiques dels contextos que creen un clima d'aprenentatge, cosa que promou el desenvolupament. La comprensió d'aquests aspectes a través de l'epistemologia proposada, la teoria crítica, aporta nous coneixements a la ciència administrativa. La teoria crítica assumeix l'interès de l'emancipació de la ciència, és a dir, l'acció humana i social hauria de ser orientada per la bondat, la humanitat i la racionalitat. En coherència amb aquesta orientació i amb el nivell individual d'anàlisi, la tesi considera dos marcs teòrics: les psicologies humanista i existencialista. En conseqüència, la recerca fenomenològica és el mètode de recerca. Aquest mètode permet respondre a les preguntes de recerca: "si" s'aprèn, "què" s'aprèn, "quines" eines de gestió s'utilitzen, "com" s'utilitzen i "per què" el que s'aprèn s'aprèn. Aquesta particular comprensió epistemològica i el mètode que en resulta suggereixen utilitzar eines metodològiques convergents o de bricolatge. Les eines metodològiques que suporten el bricolatge són: observacions, entrevistes i focus groups com a font de dades primàries, i la revisió de la documentació com a dades secundàries. S'analitza que els pressupòsits participatius són subaccions de l'acció democràtica formats per intencions, plans i actes representats per diverses pràctiques de recursos humans. A més, s'entén que les característiques participatives del diàleg entre iguals, del respecte envers opinions divergents, de presa de decisions per consens en les reunions de grup successives, entre d'altres, fomenten l'autoreflexió sobre les lleis del funcionament social i individual, la qual canvia l'estat de no-reflexió de la consciència cap a un nou estat i, d'aquesta manera, s'esdevé l'aprenentatge ciutadà. / El presente interés por temas relacionados con aprendizaje y desarrollo ciudadano no es accidental. El bajo "involucrarse" por parte de los ciudadanos hace temblar las bases del sistema democrático lo que conlleva a una preocupación en distintos campos del conocimiento. Aprendizaje a través de la participación ciudadana está relacionado con las Ciencias de la Administración en diferentes aspectos. El aspecto de gestión puede ser identificado en la administración del propio gobierno, el aspecto de aprendizaje organizacional se encuentra en los estudios sobre las características de los contextos que crean un clima de aprendizaje lo cual promueve desarrollo. La comprensión de estos aspectos a través de la epistemología propuesta, la teoría crítica, añade nuevo conocimiento a la Ciencia Administrativa. La teoría crítica asume el interés de emancipación de la ciencia, es decir, la acción humana y social debería de estar orientada por la bondad, la humanidad y la racionalidad. En coherencia con esa orientación y con el nivel individual de análisis, la tesis considera dos marcos teóricos: las psicologías humanista y existencialista. En consecuencia, la investigación fenomenológica es el método de investigación. El método posibilita la contestación de las preguntas de investigación: "si" se aprende, "qué" se aprende, "cuáles" herramientas de gestión son utilizadas, "cómo" son utilizadas, y "porqué" lo que se aprende se aprende. Esa particular comprensión epistemológica y resultante método sugiere el uso de herramientas metodológicas convergentes o bricolage. Las herramientas metodológicas que soportan el bricolage son: observaciones, entrevistas y grupos focales como fuente de datos primarios; y, revisión de documentación como datos secundarios. Se analiza que los presupuestos participativos son sub-acciones de la acción democrática compuestos por intenciones, planes y actos representados por distintas prácticas de recursos humanos. Además se entiende que las características participativas del diálogo entre iguales, del respeto hacia opiniones divergentes, de la toma de decisión por consenso en las sucesivas reuniones grupales, entre otras, fomentan la auto-reflexión sobre las leyes del funcionamiento social e individual la cual cambia el estado de no-reflexión de la conciencia hacia un nuevo estado, ocurriendo, de esa manera, el aprendizaje ciudadano. / The thesis is concerned with the declining tendency of citizenship participation which threatens the democratic system. For that reason it studies successful participatory situations in which citizens learn and develop citizenship. Citizenship learning and development, as a phenomenon, are analysed from a Critical view of science and derivate existential and humanistic framework to learning and organizational. A democratic, participatory and deliberative situation that reflects the emancipatory interest of a good, humane and rational social action is the participatory budget of Brazilian municipalities. Learning, Organizational Learning and Human Resources Management are disciplines elected to set the theoretical framework to analyse the problem. From this epistemological view, research setting and scope, a methodological bricolage is built. The methodology follows the procedures of the phenomenological research which is supported by the triangulation of the methodological tools of in-depth interviews, focus groups, observations and documentation reviews. As a result the research presents findings that describe, comprehend and interpret the phenomenon of citizenship learning. Human resources management, as an emergent practice, is a key issue in this democratic action. The participatory budget, as a democratic action, is divided into sub-actions composed by intentions, plans and acts each one of them represented by specific human resources practices. Such procedure of deconstruction of actions into their constitutive parts brings better comprehension of their functioning. To understand the characteristics of the participatory context is also key because they foster self-reflection about the social and individual legalities which change the state of a non-reflected conscious, thus, citizenship learning occurs. The focus proposed and the evidences analysed and interpreted provides a definition for existential-humanistic citizenship learning which hopefully can bring some light to the declining tendencies in participation. Citizenship learning, thus, is a never-ending process in which individuals decide freely and responsibly to actualize their potential as citizens. Moreover, the process is existential and humanistic if it has humanity in general as its goal, if it is as aware as possible of the dialectics between humans' subjectivity and objectivity and if it gives rise to a system of values which takes into account this goal and these dialectics.

<p><font face="Times New Roman">This study explored the lived experience of spouses living with depressed partners. A qualitative phenomenological,&nbsp / exploratory study design was used to explore the lived experience of the spouses, identifying the coping strategies and challenges that they face as they live with the depressed partners. A purposive sample of seven spouses living with their depressed partners who were being treated in outpatient department were recruited to participate in the study.</font></p> <p align="left">In-depth, face-to-face interviews were conducted, audiotaped with the participants&rsquo / permission and transcribed verbatim. The data from the transcripts, field notes, and demographic questionnaires was organized ready for analysis. Thematic data analysis was used to code the data, and group the codes to form categories. The categories were further regrouped to form themes. The themes were conceptualized and contextualized to uncover the meaning that the spouse carers attached to the lived experience.</p> <p align="left">It emerged that most of the spouses described their partners and the relationship negatively due to the burden of care. The male carers as compared to the female carers expressed the negativity more and it impacted on the quality of care they were providing to the depressed partners. It was revealed that inadequate professional support was linked with the ineffective coping strategies employed by the spouse carers. Hence, most of the spouse carers presented with symptoms of depression and were at the stage of impoverishment according to the adaptive potential assessment model. A recommendation to involve spouse carers in the treatment plan and improve the support system to the spouse carers was made to the stakeholders of health service providers at the primary health level.</p>

Thesis (Doctor of Philosophy in Urban Education)--Cleveland State University, 2010 / Abstract. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on May 12, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p.191-201). Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center